scholarly journals Microbial Composition and In Vitro Fermentation Patterns of Human Milk Oligosaccharides and Prebiotics Differ between Formula-Fed and Sow-Reared Piglets

2012 ◽  
Vol 142 (4) ◽  
pp. 681-689 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Li ◽  
Laura L. Bauer ◽  
Xin Chen ◽  
Mei Wang ◽  
Theresa B. Kuhlenschmidt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Milk ◽  
Human Milk Oligosaccharides ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Milk Oligosaccharides ◽  
In Vitro Fermentation

scholarly journals In vitro fermentation of human milk oligosaccharides by ascending colonic microbiota from formula‐fed and sow‐reared piglets

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Li ◽  
Laura L Bauer ◽  
Xin Chen ◽  
Theresa Kuhlenschmidt ◽  
Mark S Kuhlenschmidt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Milk ◽  
Human Milk Oligosaccharides ◽  
Milk Oligosaccharides ◽  
In Vitro Fermentation ◽  
Colonic Microbiota

scholarly journals Distribution of In Vitro Fermentation Ability of Lacto-N-Biose I, a Major Building Block of Human Milk Oligosaccharides, in Bifidobacterial Strains

2009 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-zhong Xiao ◽  
Sachiko Takahashi ◽  
Mamoru Nishimoto ◽  
Toshitaka Odamaki ◽  
Tomoko Yaeshima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Milk ◽  
Building Block ◽  
Bifidobacterium Longum ◽  
Human Milk Oligosaccharides ◽  
Milk Oligosaccharides ◽  
Carbohydrate Source ◽  
In Vitro Fermentation ◽  
Predominant Species ◽  
Almost All

ABSTRACT This study investigated the potential utilization of lacto-N-biose I (LNB) by individual strains of bifidobacteria. LNB is a building block for the human milk oligosaccharides, which have been suggested to be a factor for selective growth of bifidobacteria. A total of 208 strains comprising 10 species and 4 subspecies were analyzed for the presence of the galacto-N-biose/lacto-N-biose I phosphorylase (GLNBP) gene (lnpA) and examined for growth when LNB was used as the sole carbohydrate source. While all strains of Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum, B. longum subsp. infantis, B. breve, and B. bifidum were able to grow on LNB, none of the strains of B. adolescentis, B. catenulatum, B. dentium, B. angulatum, B. animalis subsp. lactis, and B. thermophilum showed any growth. In addition, some strains of B. pseudocatenulatum, B. animalis subsp. animalis, and B. pseudolongum exhibited the ability to utilize LNB. With the exception for B. pseudocatenulatum, the presence of lnpA coincided with LNB utilization in almost all strains. These results indicate that bifidobacterial species, which are the predominant species found in infant intestines, are potential utilizers of LNB. These findings support the hypothesis that GLNBP plays a key role in the colonization of bifidobacteria in the infant intestine.

scholarly journals Akkermansia muciniphila uses human milk oligosaccharides to thrive in the early life conditions in vitro

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioannis Kostopoulos ◽  
Janneke Elzinga ◽  
Noora Ottman ◽  
Jay T. Klievink ◽  
Bernadet Blijenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Milk ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Human Milk Oligosaccharides ◽  
Milk Oligosaccharides ◽  
Akkermansia Muciniphila ◽  
Life Conditions ◽  
Early Life Conditions

scholarly journals Human milk oligosaccharides reduceEntamoeba histolyticaattachment and cytotoxicityin vitro

2012 ◽  
Vol 108 (10) ◽  
pp. 1839-1846 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evelyn Jantscher-Krenn ◽  
Tineke Lauwaet ◽  
Laura A. Bliss ◽  
Sharon L. Reed ◽  
Frances D. Gillin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Milk ◽  
Protozoan Parasite ◽  
Bacterial Attachment ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Human Milk Oligosaccharides ◽  
Milk Oligosaccharides ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Ht 29

Human milk oligosaccharides (HMO), complex sugars that are highly abundant in breast milk, block viral and bacterial attachment to the infant's intestinal epithelium and lower the risk of infections. We hypothesised that HMO also prevent infections with the protozoan parasiteEntamoeba histolytica,as its major virulence factor is a lectin that facilitates parasite attachment and cytotoxicity and binds galactose (Gal) andN-acetyl-galactosamine. HMO contain Gal, are only minimally digested in the small intestine and reach the colon, the site ofE. histolyticainfection. The objective of the present study was to investigate whether HMO reduceE. histolyticaattachment and cytotoxicity. Ourin vitroresults show that physiological concentrations of isolated, pooled HMO detachE. histolyticaby more than 80 %. In addition, HMO rescueE. histolytica-induced destruction of human intestinal epithelial HT-29 cells in a dose-dependent manner. The cytoprotective effects were structure-specific. Lacto-N-tetraose with its terminal Gal rescued up to 80 % of the HT-29 cells, while HMO with fucose α1–2-linked to the terminal Gal had no effect. Galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS), which also contain terminal Gal and are currently added to infant formula to mimic some of the beneficial effects of HMO, completely abolishedE. histolyticaattachment and cytotoxicity at 8 mg/ml. Although our results need to be confirmedin vivo, they may provide one explanation for why breast-fed infants are at lower risk ofE. histolyticainfections. HMO and GOS are heat tolerant, stable, safe and in the case of GOS, inexpensive, which could make them valuable candidates as alternative preventive and therapeutic anti-amoebic agents.

Assessment of the synbiotic properites of human milk oligosaccharides and Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis in vitro and in humanised mice

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Musilova ◽  
N. Modrackova ◽  
P. Hermanova ◽  
T. Hudcovic ◽  
R. Svejstil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Bifidobacterium Longum ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Human Milk Oligosaccharides ◽  
Milk Oligosaccharides ◽  
High Concentrations

The mode of delivery plays a crucial role in infant gastrointestinal tract colonisation, which in the case of caesarean section is characterised by the presence of clostridia and low bifidobacterial counts. Gut colonisation can be modified by probiotics, prebiotics or synbiotics. Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are infant prebiotics that show a bifidogenic effect. Moreover, genome sequencing of Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis within the infant microbiome revealed adaptations for milk utilisation. This study aimed to evaluate the synbiotic effect of B. longum subsp. infantis, HMOs and human milk (HM) both in vitro and in vivo (in a humanised mouse model) in the presence of faecal microbiota from infants born by caesarean section. The combination of B. longum and HMOs or HM reduced the clostridia and G-bacteria counts both in vitro and in vivo. The bifidobacterial population in vitro significantly increased and produce high concentrations of acetate and lactate. In vitro competition assays confirmed that the tested bifidobacterial strain is a potential probiotic for infants and, together with HMOs or HM, acts as a synbiotic. It is also able to inhibit potentially pathogenic bacteria. The synbiotic effects identified in vitro were not observed in vivo. However, there was a significant reduction in clostridia counts in both experimental animal groups (HMOs + B. longum and HM + B. longum), and a specific immune response via increased interleukin (IL)-10 and IL-6 production. Animal models do not perfectly mimic human conditions; however, they are essential for testing the safety of functional foods.

In Vitro Impact of Human Milk Oligosaccharides on Enterobacteriaceae Growth

2015 ◽  
Vol 63 (12) ◽  
pp. 3295-3302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer L. Hoeflinger ◽  
Steven R. Davis ◽  
JoMay Chow ◽  
Michael J. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Human Milk ◽  
Human Milk Oligosaccharides ◽  
Milk Oligosaccharides
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