scholarly journals Adverse birth outcomes among pregnant women with and without COVID-19 : A comparison study from Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumaya Binte Masud ◽  
Faiza Zebeen ◽  
Dil Ware Alam ◽  
Mosharop Hossian ◽  
Sanjana Zaman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Birth Outcomes ◽  
Adverse Birth Outcomes ◽  
Comparison Study

scholarly journals Utilization of preconception care and associated factors in Hosanna Town, Southern Ethiopia

PLoS ONE ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. e0261895
Author(s):  
Meron Admasu Wegene ◽  
Negeso Gebeyehu Gejo ◽  
Daniel Yohannes Bedecha ◽  
Amene Abebe Kerbo ◽  
Shemsu Nuriye Hagisso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Child Health ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Birth Outcomes ◽  
Preconception Care ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Care Utilization ◽  
Adverse Birth Outcomes ◽  
Care Services ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Child Health

Introduction There is substantial body of evidence that portrays gap in the existing maternal and child health continuum of care; one is less attention given to adolescent girls and young women until they get pregnant. Besides, antenatal care is too late to reduce the harmful effects that a woman’s may have on the fetus during the critical period of organogenesis. Fortunately, preconception care can fill these gaps, enhance well-being of women and couples and improve subsequent pregnancy and child health outcomes. Therefore, the main aim of the current study was to assess preconception care utilization and associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care clinics of public health facilities in Hosanna town. Methods A facility based cross-sectional study design was carried out from July 30, 2020 to August 30, 2020. Data were collected through face-to-face interview among 400 eligible pregnant women through systematic sampling technique. Epi-data version 3.1 and SPSS version 24 was used for data entry and analysis respectively. Both bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify association between dependent and independent variables. Crude and adjusted odds ratio with respective 95% confidence intervals was computed and statistical significance was declared at p-value <0.05. Result This study revealed that 76 (19%, 95% Cl (15.3, 23.2) study participants had utilized preconception care. History of family planning use before the current pregnancy (AOR = 2.45; 95% Cl (1.270, 4.741), previous history of adverse birth outcomes (AOR = 3.15; 95% Cl (1.650, 6.005), poor knowledge on preconception care (AOR = 0.18; 95% Cl (0.084, 0.379) and receiving counseling on preconception care previously (AOR = 2.82; 95% Cl (1.221, 6.493) were significantly associated with preconception care utilization. Conclusions The present study revealed that nearly one-fifth of pregnant women have utilized preconception care services. History of family planning use before the current pregnancy, previous history of adverse birth outcomes, poor knowledge on preconception care and receiving counseling on preconception care previously were significantly associated with preconception care utilization. Integrating preconception care services with other maternal neonatal child health, improving women’s/couples knowledge & strengthening counseling services is pivotal.

scholarly journals Safety of influenza vaccination on adverse birth outcomes among pregnant women: A prospective cohort study in Japan

2020 ◽  
Vol 93 ◽  
pp. 68-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoko Ohfuji ◽  
Masaaki Deguchi ◽  
Daisuke Tachibana ◽  
Masayasu Koyama ◽  
Tetsu Takagi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Influenza Vaccination ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Birth Outcomes ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Adverse Birth Outcomes

scholarly journals A Swedish Population-based Study of Adverse Birth Outcomes among Pregnant Women Treated with Buprenorphine or Methadone: Preliminary Findings

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. SART.S38887
Author(s):  
Keele E. Wurst ◽  
Barbara K. Zedler ◽  
Andrew R. Joyce ◽  
Maciek Sasinowski ◽  
E. Lenn Murrelle
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Birth ◽  
General Population ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Birth Outcomes ◽  
Congenital Malformations ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome ◽  
Adverse Birth Outcomes ◽  
Abstinence Syndrome ◽  
Opioid Agonist

Background Untreated opioid dependence in pregnant women is associated with adverse birth outcomes. Buprenorphine and methadone are options for opioid agonist medication-assisted treatment during pregnancy. Objective The aim of this study was to describe adverse birth outcomes observed with buprenorphine or methadone treatment compared to the general population in Sweden. Methods Pregnant women and their corresponding births during 2005–2011 were identified in the Swedish Medical Birth Register. Data on stillbirth, neonatal/infant death, mode of delivery, gestational age at birth, Apgar score, growth outcomes, neonatal abstinence syndrome, and congenital malformations were examined. Frequencies were compared using two-sided Fisher's exact tests. Unadjusted estimates of birth outcomes for women treated with buprenorphine or methadone were compared to the registered general population. Results A total of 746,257 pregnancies among 538,178 unique women resulted in 746,485 live births. Among the 194 women treated with buprenorphine ( N = 176) or methadone ( N = 52), no stillbirths or neonatal/infant deaths occurred. Neonatal abstinence syndrome developed in 23.3% and 38.5% of infants born to mothers treated with buprenorphine and methadone, respectively. The frequency of the selected adverse birth outcomes assessed in women treated with buprenorphine as compared to the general population was not significantly different. However, a significantly higher frequency of preterm birth and congenital malformations was observed in women treated with methadone as compared to the general population. Compared with the general population, methadone-treated women were significantly older than buprenorphine-treated women, and both treatment groups began prenatal care later, were more likely to smoke cigarettes, and did not cohabitate with the baby's father. Conclusions An increased frequency of the selected adverse birth outcomes was not observed with buprenorphine treatment during pregnancy. Twofold increased frequency of preterm birth [2.21 (1.11, 4,41)] and congenital malformations [2.05 (1.08, 3.87)] was observed in the methadone group, which may be partly explained by older average maternal age and differences in other measured and unmeasured confounders.

scholarly journals Estimating the risk of adverse birth outcomes in pregnant women undergoing non-obstetric surgery using routinely collected NHS data: an observational study

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (29) ◽  
pp. 1-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Aylin ◽  
Phillip Bennett ◽  
Alex Bottle ◽  
Stephen Brett ◽  
Vinnie Sodhi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Spontaneous Abortion ◽  
Birth Outcomes ◽  
Low Birthweight ◽  
Attributable Risk ◽  
Adverse Birth Outcomes ◽  
Inpatient Stay ◽  
Underlying Condition ◽  
Obstetric Surgery

BackgroundPrevious research suggests that non-obstetric surgery is carried out in 1–2% of all pregnancies. However, there is limited evidence quantifying the associated risks. Furthermore, of the evidence available, none relates directly to outcomes in the UK, and there are no current NHS guidelines regarding non-obstetric surgery in pregnant women.ObjectivesTo estimate the risk of adverse birth outcomes of pregnancies in which non-obstetric surgery was or was not carried out. To further analyse common procedure groups.Data SourceHospital Episode Statistics (HES) maternity data collected between 2002–3 and 2011–12.Main outcomesSpontaneous abortion, preterm delivery, maternal death, caesarean delivery, long inpatient stay, stillbirth and low birthweight.MethodsWe utilised HES, an administrative database that includes records of all patient admissions and day cases in all English NHS hospitals. We analysed HES maternity data collected between 2002–3 and 2011–12, and identified pregnancies in which non-obstetric surgery was carried out. We used logistic regression models to determine the adjusted relative risk and attributable risk of non-obstetric surgical procedures for adverse birth outcomes and the number needed to harm.ResultsWe identified 6,486,280 pregnancies, in 47,628 of which non-obstetric surgery was carried out. In comparison with pregnancies in which surgery was not carried out, we found that non-obstetric surgery was associated with a higher risk of adverse birth outcomes, although the attributable risk was generally low. We estimated that for every 287 pregnancies in which a surgical operation was carried out there was one additional stillbirth; for every 31 operations there was one additional preterm delivery; for every 25 operations there was one additional caesarean section; for every 50 operations there was one additional long inpatient stay; and for every 39 operations there was one additional low-birthweight baby.LimitationsWe have no means of disentangling the effect of the surgery from the effect of the underlying condition itself. Many spontaneous abortions will not be associated with a hospital admission and, therefore, will not be included in our analysis. A spontaneous abortion may be more likely to be reported if it occurs during the same hospital admission as the procedure, and this could account for the associated increased risk with surgery during pregnancy. There are missing values of key data items to determine parity, gestational age, birthweight and stillbirth.ConclusionsThis is the first study to report the risk of adverse birth outcomes following non-obstetric surgery during pregnancy across NHS hospitals in England. We have no means of disentangling the effect of the surgery from the effect of the underlying condition itself. Our observational study can never attribute a causal relationship between surgery and adverse birth outcomes, and we were unable to determine the risk of not undergoing surgery where surgery was clinically indicated. We have some reservations over associations of risk factors with spontaneous abortion because of potential ascertainment bias. However, we believe that our findings and, in particular, the numbers needed to harm improve on previous research, utilise a more recent and larger data set based on UK practices, and are useful reference points for any discussion of risk with prospective patients. The risk of adverse birth outcomes in pregnant women undergoing non-obstetric surgery is relatively low, confirming that surgical procedures during pregnancy are generally safe.Future workFurther evaluation of the association of non-obstetric surgery and spontaneous abortion. Evaluation of the impact of non-obstetric surgery on the newborn (e.g. neonatal intensive care unit admission, prolonged length of neonatal stay, neonatal death).FundingThe National Institute for Health Research Health Services and Delivery Research programme.

scholarly journals Interventions to improve birth outcomes of pregnant women living in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and network meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 1657
Author(s):  
Jay J. H. Park ◽  
Ofir Harari ◽  
Ellie Siden ◽  
Michael Zoratti ◽  
Louis Dron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Birth Outcomes ◽  
Low Birthweight ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Adverse Birth Outcomes ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries

Background: Improving the health of pregnant women is important to prevent adverse birth outcomes, such as preterm birth and low birthweight. We evaluated the comparative effectiveness of interventions under the domains of micronutrient, balanced energy protein, deworming, maternal education, and water sanitation and hygiene (WASH) for their effects on these adverse birth outcomes. Methods: For this network meta-analysis, we searched for randomized clinical trials (RCTs) of interventions provided to pregnant women in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). We searched for reports published until September 17, 2019 and hand-searched bibliographies of existing reviews. We extracted data from eligible studies for study characteristics, interventions, participants’ characteristics at baseline, and birth outcomes. We compared effects on preterm birth (<37 gestational week), low birthweight (LBW; <2500 g), and birthweight (continuous) using studies conducted in LMICs. Results: Our network meta-analyses were based on 101 RCTs (132 papers) pertaining to 206,531 participants. Several micronutrients and balanced energy food supplement interventions demonstrated effectiveness over standard-of-care. For instance, versus standard-of-care, micronutrient supplements for pregnant women, such as iron and calcium, decreased risks of preterm birth (iron: RR=0.70, 95% credible interval [Crl] 0.47, 1.01; calcium: RR=0.76, 95%Crl 0.56, 0.99). Daily intake of 1500kcal of local food decreased the risks of preterm birth (RR=0.36, 95%Crl 0.16, 0.77) and LBW (RR=0.17, 95%Crl 0.09, 0.29), respectively when compared to standard-of-care. Educational and deworming interventions did not show improvements in birth outcomes, and no WASH intervention trials reported on these adverse birth outcomes. Conclusion: We found several pregnancy interventions that improve birth outcomes. However, most clinical trials have only evaluated interventions under a single domain (e.g. micronutrients) even though the causes of adverse birth outcomes are multi-faceted. There is a need to combine interventions that of different domains as packages and test for their effectiveness. Registration: PROSPERO CRD42018110446; registered on 17 October 2018.

scholarly journals 1096. Effect of Diarrheal Illness During Pregnancy on Adverse Birth Outcomes in Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. S328-S329
Author(s):  
Kira Newman ◽  
Katie Gustafson ◽  
Janet Englund ◽  
Joanne Katz ◽  
Amalia Magaret ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Birth Outcomes ◽  
Low Birthweight ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Adverse Birth Outcomes ◽  
South Asian Population ◽  
Adjusted Risk ◽  
Diarrheal Illness

Abstract Background Adverse birth outcomes, including low birthweight (LBW), small-for-gestational-age (SGA) and preterm birth, contribute to 60–80% of infant mortality worldwide. Little published data exist on the association between diarrhea during pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes. We sought to identify whether diarrhea during pregnancy was associated with adverse birth outcomes. Methods We used data from a community-based, prospective randomized trial of maternal influenza immunization of pregnant women and their infants conducted in rural Nepal from 2011 to 2014. Illness episodes were defined as at least three watery bowel movements per day for one or more days with 7 diarrhea-free days between episodes. Diarrheal illnesses were identified through longitudinal household-based weekly symptom surveillance. The c2 test, two-sample t-test, and log-binomial regression were performed to evaluate baseline characteristics and the association between diarrhea during pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes. Results Of 3,682 women in the study, 527 (14.3%) experienced one or more episodes of diarrhea during pregnancy. Diarrhea incidence was not seasonal. Women with diarrhea had a median of one episode of diarrhea (interquartile range (IQR) 1–2 episodes) and two cumulative days of diarrhea (IQR 1–3 days). Of women with diarrhea, 16.1% (85) sought medical care. Mean maternal age, parity, biomass cook stove use, home latrine, water source, caste, and smoking did not differ in pregnant women with and without diarrhea. In crude and adjusted analyses, women with diarrhea during pregnancy were significantly more likely to have SGA infants (42.6% vs. 36.8%; adjusted risk ratio=1.20, 95% CI 1.06–1.36, P = 0.005). LBW and preterm birth incidence did not significantly differ between women with diarrhea during pregnancy and those without. There was no significant association between seeking medical care for diarrhea and birth outcomes. Conclusion Diarrheal illness during pregnancy was associated with a significantly higher risk of SGA infants in this rural South Asian population. Interventions to reduce the burden of diarrheal illness during pregnancy may have an impact on SGA births in resource-limited settings. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

scholarly journals Febrile Rhinovirus Illness During Pregnancy Is Associated With Low Birth Weight in Nepal

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin K Philpott ◽  
Janet A Englund ◽  
Joanne Katz ◽  
James Tielsch ◽  
Subarna Khatry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Birth Outcomes ◽  
Febrile Illness ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Adverse Birth Outcomes ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Febrile Respiratory Illness

Abstract Background Adverse birth outcomes, including low birth weight (LBW), defined as &lt;2500 grams, small-for-gestational-age (SGA), and prematurity, contribute to 60%–80% of infant mortality worldwide and may be related to infections during pregnancy. The aim of this study was to assess whether febrile human rhinovirus (HRV) illness is associated with adverse birth outcomes. Methods Active household-based weekly surveillance was performed for respiratory illness episodes in pregnant women as part of a community-based, prospective, randomized trial of maternal influenza immunization in rural Nepal. Rhinovirus (HRV) febrile illness episodes were defined as fever plus cough, sore throat, runny nose, and/or myalgia with HRV detected on mid-nasal swab. Multivariate regression analysis evaluated the association between febrile HRV respiratory illness and adverse birth outcomes. Results Overall, 96 (3%) of 3693 pregnant women had HRV-positive febrile respiratory illnesses. Infants born to pregnant women with HRV febrile illness had a 1.6-fold increased risk of being LBW compared with those with non-HRV febrile illness (28 of 96 [38%] vs 109 of 458 [24%]; relative risk [RR], 1.6; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1–2.3). No difference in risk of LBW was observed between infants born to mothers with non-HRV febrile respiratory illness and those without respiratory illness during pregnancy (109 of 458 [24%] vs 552 of 2220 [25%], respectively; RR, 1.0; 95% CI, 0.8–1.2). Conclusions Febrile illness due to rhinovirus during pregnancy was associated with increased risk of LBW in a rural South Asian population. Interventions to reduce the burden of febrile respiratory illness due to rhinovirus during pregnancy may have a significant impact on LBW and subsequent infant mortality.

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