scholarly journals Cis-trans isomerization of unsaturated fatty acids in edible oils to prepare trans fat

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 268 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Liu ◽  
G. H. Lu
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Edible Oils ◽  
Isomerization Reaction ◽  
Catalyst Loading ◽  
Double Bonds ◽  
Trans Fats ◽  
Trans Isomerization ◽  
Camellia Seed Oil

Trans fats, unsaturated fatty acids with at least one double bond in the trans configuration, have received a great amount of attention in the field of oleo chemistry and safety. In this work, the cis-trans isomerization of unsaturated fatty acids in edible oils has been successfully developed using simple and cheap p-toluenesulfinic acid as catalyst. The effects of reaction time, temperature, catalyst loading, and the amounts of water and antioxidants on the cis-trans isomerization have been systematically investigated. The results indicate that the amount of water (0–20 wt %) and antioxidants (0–200 mg/kg) had no significant effect on this cis-trans isomerization of unsaturated fatty acids in edible oils. The final products (trans fats) from the cis-trans isomerization reaction were characterized by both GC and React IR. The yield of trans double bonds from the isomerized fat can reach 79.6% after heating at 100 oC for 90 min without changing either the location of the double bonds or the degree of unsaturation. In addition, this convenient method has been applied to various vegetable oils (e.g., olive oil, camellia seed oil, corn oil, sesame oil, sunflower oil and soybean oil) and nearly 80.0% yields of TFA were generated, which shows a promising method to provide trans-fat products for research related to oleo and food chemistry.

Structural Homogeneity in Unsaturated Fatty Acids of Marine Lipids. A Review

1964 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. Ackman
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Double Bond ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Chain Length ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Analytical Data ◽  
Double Bonds ◽  
Marine Origin ◽  
Methyl Group ◽  
Marine Lipids

Consideration of recent analytical data supports the conclusion that the longer-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids of marine origin are all structurally homogeneous in that the double bonds are cis, the double bonds methylene interrupted, and that, with the exception of the C16 chain length, the ultimate double bond will normally be three, six or nine carbon atoms removed from the terminal methyl group.

scholarly journals Cis/Trans Isomerization of Unsaturated Fatty Acids in Polysorbate 80 During Light Exposure of a Monoclonal Antibody–Containing Formulation

2020 ◽  
Vol 109 (1) ◽  
pp. 603-613
Author(s):  
Indira Prajapati ◽  
Björn-Hendrik Peters ◽  
Nicholas R. Larson ◽  
Yangjie Wei ◽  
Sureshkumar Choudhary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Polysorbate 80 ◽  
Trans Isomerization

Unsaturated fatty acids and cyclooxygenase inhibitors: effects on pial arterioles

1982 ◽  
Vol 242 (4) ◽  
pp. H629-H632
Author(s):  
W. I. Rosenblum
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Eicosatrienoic Acid ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Double Bonds ◽  
Pial Arterioles ◽  
Dose Dependent

Cerebral surface arterioles of the mouse were constricted in a dose-dependent manner by three different unsaturated fatty acids each with one of its double bonds in the n-6 position: arachidonate, linoleic, and 11,14,17-eicosatrienoic acid (ETA) in doses of 10-200 micrograms/ml. The constriction was transient, and its magnitude was significantly reduced by pretreatment of the mice with intraperitoneal injections of indomethacin (5 mg/kg), aspirin (100 mg/kg), or sodium 2-amino-3-(4 chlorobenzyl)-phenylacetate (AHR-6293, 100 mg/kg). The inhibitory effect of these cyclooxygenase inhibitors suggests that this enzyme is involved in the response to these fatty acids and is in keeping with suggestions in the literature stating that such unsaturated fatty acids may interact with cyclooxygenase even when they cannot form prostaglandin (PG) endoperoxides, The PG endoperoxide formed by arachidonate or the analogous hydroperoxy compounds formed by linoleic or 11,14,17 ETA, may then alter cerebrovascular tone by production of reactive, O2-containing species. Alternate explanations for the data are also proposed.

scholarly journals Positional determination of the carbon–carbon double bonds in unsaturated fatty acids mediated by solvent plasmatization using LC–MS

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigeo Takashima ◽  
Kayoko Toyoshi ◽  
Takuhei Yamamoto ◽  
Nobuyuki Shimozawa
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Double Bonds

THE EFFECT OF FATTY ACIDS ON GROWTH AND ANTIBIOTIC PRODUCTION BY STREPTOMYCES

1961 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 777-783 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerome J. Perry
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Antibiotic Production ◽  
Direct Proportion ◽  
Total Growth

The ability of lipid materials to enhance the growth of Streptomyces has been demonstrated. The addition of corn oil or unsaturated fatty acids not only increases the total growth in the presence of carbohydrate but also provides a readily utilizable source of carbon and energy in the absence of carbohydrate. For most antibiotic-producing cultures investigated, the antibiotic produced was enhanced in direct proportion to the increase in growth. Organisms producing Cycloheximide or polyene-type antibiotics were disproportionately stimulated in the production of antibiotic.

Lipid peroxidation as one mode of action in ochratoxin A toxicity in rats and chicks

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 287-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dirk Hoehler ◽  
Ronald R. Marquardt ◽  
Andrew A.F. Rohlich
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Ochratoxin A ◽  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Iron Catalyst ◽  
Different Tissues

The objective of this study was to determine whether lipid peroxidation is one mode of action in ochratoxin A (OA) toxicity in vivo. Lipid peroxidation was monitored by analyzing malondialdehyde (MDA) in different tissues by HPLC. A refinement study on the MDA assay was carried out, which showed the importance of the addition of an iron catalyst for the decomposition of hydroperoxides to yield a maximum amount of MDA from a given sample. The rat experiment was designed in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement using 4 × 6 animals. The four different diets were fed for 21 d and contained either 1% corn oil and 9% tallow (Diets I and III) or 10% corn oil (Diets II and IV); in groups III and IV, 5 mg OA were added per kilogram of diet. For the chick experiment 4 × 8 Leghorn cockerels received diets for 14 d with no added sunflower oil (Diets I and III), whereas the diets of groups II and IV were supplemented with 2.5% sunflower oil. In groups III and IV, 2.5 mg OA were added per kilogram of diet. In both experiments OA decreased the performance of the animals significantly. In the rat experiment an increased lipid peroxidation due to a higher dietary level of unsaturated fatty acids could be obtained, when muscle samples were oxidatively stressed with Fe3+ and ascorbic acid. In the chick experiment there were very clear effects of the dietary treatment on the MDA concentrations of different tissues, as both a higher supply with unsaturated fatty acids and OA increased most of the MDA values significantly. These data suggest that lipid peroxides are formed in vivo by OA, but the effects may vary considerably from species to species, and may also be influenced by other factors. Key words: Ochratoxin A, lipid peroxidation, malondialdehyde, rat, chick

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