scholarly journals Common Eider Wintering Trends in Nova Scotia, 1970–2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 565-571
Author(s):  
Gregory J. Robertson ◽  
Sarah N. P. Wong ◽  
Molly D. Tomlik ◽  
G. Randy Milton ◽  
Glen J. Parsons ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Generalized Additive Models ◽  
Additive Models ◽  
Somateria Mollissima ◽  
The Past ◽  
Common Eiders ◽  
The Status ◽  
Complex Population ◽  
Wintering Area ◽  
Distributional Shifts

Abstract Common eiders Somateria mollissima have been a focus of conservation and management efforts in eastern North American for over a century; however, the complex population structure and multiple subspecies make assessing the status of populations challenging. The coastlines of Nova Scotia, Canada, are an important wintering area for common eiders, and significant harvests of common eiders occur in the province. We analyzed trends in the number of wintering common eiders using the coasts of Nova Scotia from dedicated waterfowl surveys flown since 1970, and every year since 1992. We used Generalized Additive Models to assess the apparent non-linear trends in the counts of common eiders over the past 50 y. We found that numbers of common eiders wintering in Nova Scotia increased from 1970 to the early 2010s, with strong growth in the 2000s (peaking at 7% growth/y). Since the early 2010s, the growth has stopped, and the numbers are now declining. Recent declines in the population wintering in Nova Scotia corroborate other evidence that common eiders are declining in the region, and may also indicate distributional shifts of common eiders in eastern North America.

Trace elements in eggs of common eiders ( Somateria mollissima ) breeding in Nova Scotia, Canada

2015 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 586-591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabeau Pratte ◽  
Molly D. Tomlik ◽  
Taylor A. Betsch ◽  
Birgit M. Braune ◽  
G. Randy Milton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Somateria Mollissima ◽  
Common Eiders

scholarly journals Analysis of Big Game Fishing Catches of Blue Marlin (Makaira nigricans) in the Madeira Archipelago (Eastern Atlantic) and Factors that Affect Its Presence

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 8975
Author(s):  
Roi Martinez-Escauriaza ◽  
Pablo Pita ◽  
Maria Lídia Ferreira de Gouveia ◽  
Nuno Manuel Abreu Gouveia ◽  
Eduardo Teixeira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Generalized Additive Models ◽  
Additive Models ◽  
Seasonal Effect ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Usual Practice ◽  
Blue Marlin ◽  
Makaira Nigricans ◽  
Madeira Archipelago ◽  
The Status ◽  
June July

The archipelago of Madeira (Portugal) is one of the main European big game fishing locations, where the main target species is the blue marlin (Makaira nigricans). Catch data for these fish were used to analyze their presence over the years, estimate their average weights, and calculate annual fishing success rates. The results showed a marked seasonal effect, with higher average catch rates in summer (June–July), suggesting a migration from the equatorial waters they inhabit at the beginning of the year to northern areas when the waters become warmer. The influences of some environmental factors were analyzed using generalized additive models, and it was observed that the occurrence of blue marlin may be influenced by water temperature, wind, rain, and atmospheric pressure. This fishery did not register a high mortality rate in blue marlin specimens due to the usual practice of catch and release; individuals captured in this fishery can be used as a source of information that allows for follow-up on the status of the blue marlin population in the region.

Recruitment of North Sea cod (Gadus morhua) and Norway pout (Trisopterus esmarkii) between 1992 and 2006: the interplay between climate influence and predation

2009 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 633-648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Kempf ◽  
Jens Floeter ◽  
Axel Temming
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Gadus Morhua ◽  
Generalized Additive Models ◽  
Additive Models ◽  
The North ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Spawning Stock ◽  
The Status ◽  
Temperature Ranges ◽  
The North Sea

The interplay between temperature-related processes and predation in determining age-1 recruitment strength between 1992 and 2006 was analysed for North Sea cod ( Gadus morhua ) and Norway pout ( Trisopterus esmarkii ). For this purpose, an predation impact index (PI) was calculated out of survey data. PI was assumed to depend on the abundance of the predators and on the spatial overlap between predator and prey populations. Generalized additive models (GAMs) were created with spawning stock biomass (SSB) and sea surface temperature (SST) in the respective spawning and nursery areas and PI as explaining variables. SSB had no significant impact on recruitment during this time period for both species. SSTs during spring and PI explained the interannual variability in recruitment strength to a large extent (88% of the total variance for cod and 68% for Norway pout). The SST during spring determined the overall level of recruitment. At SSTs above a certain level, however, the effect on recruitment was no longer significant. In these temperature ranges, predation was the dominant effect. Therefore, the fate of North Sea cod and Norway pout stocks under global-warming conditions will be strongly influenced by the status of the North Sea food web.

Trends in management and outcomes in patients with upper tract urothelial carcinoma following radical nephrouretectomy at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center.

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (6_suppl) ◽  
pp. 469-469
Author(s):  
Nathan Colin Wong ◽  
Melissa Assel ◽  
Andrew Tracey ◽  
Ricardo Alvim ◽  
Nima Almassi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Generalized Additive Models ◽  
Additive Models ◽  
Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Oncologic Outcomes ◽  
Cancer Center ◽  
Cancer Specific Survival ◽  
Upper Tract ◽  
The Past

469 Background: Although there have been changes in the treatment paradigm of patients with upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) over the past 2 decades, there is limited data on the particular management strategies and associated outcomes. We evaluated surgical trends, perioperative management, and oncologic outcomes of patients who underwent radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) for UTUC at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center over a 24-year period. Methods: Between 1995 and 2018, we identified 760 patients with UTUC who underwent RNU. 15 had multiple RNU and we kept only the first procedure for analysis. Generalized additive models were fitted to examine the association between date of surgery and continuous while generalized additive models with a logit link were used to estimate categorical variables. As surgical approach was defined using three different categories (open, laparoscopic and robotic) a generalized additive multinomial model was used. Generalized additive cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the association between surgery date and estimate 2-year cancer-specific survival. Results: The use of pre-operative diagnostic endoscopic biopsies also increased from 12% to 72% which coincides with an increased proportion high grade disease on final pathology from 55% to 91%. The rate of open RNU declined from 100% to 54% with a coinciding rise in the utilization of minimally invasive approaches. Laparoscopy peaked in 2008 and then was subsequently replaced by the robotic approach. Mean lymph node yield increased over the study interval with more retroperitoneal lymph node dissections performed. Utilization of neoadjuvant chemotherapy also increased over time with a current rate of 31%, coinciding with an increase in pT0 rate from only 2% to 9%.The 2-year cancer specific survival probability has improved from 76% to 87% over the study period. Conclusions: Several changes in treatment patterns for patients with UTUC over the past 2 decades appear to correspond with an improvement of oncologic outcomes. How these changes directly relate to each other requires further investigation.

Lot's Offer of his Daughters to his People in the Torah and the Qur'an: A Comparative Study in Two Parts (Part One)

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-224
Author(s):  
ʿĀʾiḍ B. Sad Al-Dawsarī
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Comparative Studies ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Status ◽  
Moral Problems ◽  
Moral Dimensions ◽  
Similarities And Differences

The story of Lot is one of many shared by the Qur'an and the Torah, and Lot's offer of his two daughters to his people is presented in a similar way in the two books. This article compares the status of Lot in the Qur'an and Torah, and explores the moral dimensions of his character, and what scholars of the two religions make of this story. The significance of the episodes in which Lot offers his daughters to his people lies in the similarities and differences of the accounts given in the two books and the fact that, in both the past and the present, this story has presented moral problems and criticism has been leveled at Lot. Context is crucial in understanding this story, and exploration of the ways in which Lot and his people are presented is also useful in terms of comparative studies of the two scriptures. This article is divided into three sections: the first explores the depiction of Lot in the two texts, the second explores his moral limitations, and the third discusses the interpretations of various exegetes and scholars of the two books. Although there are similarities between the Qur'anic and Talmudic accounts of this episode, it is read differently by scholars from the two religions because of the different contexts of the respective accounts.

LEGAL RESEARCH AT AHMAD IBRAHIM KULLIYYAH OF LAWS, INTERNATIONAL ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY MALAYSIA: TRENDS AND POLICIES

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hunud Abia Kadouf ◽  
Umar Aimhanosi Oseini ◽  
Ainul Jaria Maidin
Keyword(s):  
Research Output ◽  
Academic Staff ◽  
Research Quality ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Institutions Of Higher Education ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
The Past ◽  
Research Institution ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
The Status

The primary function of Ahmad Ibrahim Kulliyyah (Faculty) of Laws, at the very beginning of its inception, was that of teaching civil law and Sharî’ah subjects. As it matured, its vision has been varied from teaching to that of research with the aim of attaining the status of a full research institution that provides both quality research and best legal education in the region. Similar to other institutions of higher education in Malaysia, the responsibility of research is a shared function of both graduate students and the academic staff. The research output, on the part of the students is mostly composed of either Master Dissertations or PhD Theses. The academic members of the Faculty, however, are involved either in direct research, individually or jointly, supervision, and publications of their findings. By investigating and analyzing factors influencing research activities at AIKOL in the past twenty years, the researchers will be able to identify the general trends and development of research as it unfolded over years. The researchers hope that the policymakers, at both Faculty and University levels, will use the findings to improve research quality by boldly addressing the problems hampering research progress at AIKOL.

Australia and People Seeking Asylum who Arrive by Boat

2018 ◽  
pp. 518-536
Author(s):  
Caroline Fleay
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
The Past ◽  
The People ◽  
The Status ◽  
Repeated Use ◽  
United Nations Convention ◽  
The United Nations

Throughout the past forty years various leaders from both major political parties in Australia have categorized the arrival by boat of people seeking asylum as a “crisis” and the people themselves as “illegal.” This is despite Australia being a signatory to the United Nations Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees, and receiving relatively few people who seek asylum compared with many other countries. Punitive government policies and processes have further reinforced these representations, such that “crisis” and “illegal” can now be understood as both categories of analysis and practice. The repeated use of such categories may be helping to produce and reproduce prejudice and racism and obscure the needs and experiences of people seeking asylum.

scholarly journals Predicting Malaria Transmission Dynamics in Dangassa, Mali: A Novel Approach Using Functional Generalized Additive Models

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (17) ◽  
pp. 6339
Author(s):  
François Freddy Ateba ◽  
Manuel Febrero-Bande ◽  
Issaka Sagara ◽  
Nafomon Sogoba ◽  
Mahamoudou Touré ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Malaria Incidence ◽  
Generalized Additive Models ◽  
Community Health Center ◽  
Additive Model ◽  
Additive Models ◽  
Functional Regression ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Malaria Incidence Rate ◽  
Mean Wind Speed

Mali aims to reach the pre-elimination stage of malaria by the next decade. This study used functional regression models to predict the incidence of malaria as a function of past meteorological patterns to better prevent and to act proactively against impending malaria outbreaks. All data were collected over a five-year period (2012–2017) from 1400 persons who sought treatment at Dangassa’s community health center. Rainfall, temperature, humidity, and wind speed variables were collected. Functional Generalized Spectral Additive Model (FGSAM), Functional Generalized Linear Model (FGLM), and Functional Generalized Kernel Additive Model (FGKAM) were used to predict malaria incidence as a function of the pattern of meteorological indicators over a continuum of the 18 weeks preceding the week of interest. Their respective outcomes were compared in terms of predictive abilities. The results showed that (1) the highest malaria incidence rate occurred in the village 10 to 12 weeks after we observed a pattern of air humidity levels >65%, combined with two or more consecutive rain episodes and a mean wind speed <1.8 m/s; (2) among the three models, the FGLM obtained the best results in terms of prediction; and (3) FGSAM was shown to be a good compromise between FGLM and FGKAM in terms of flexibility and simplicity. The models showed that some meteorological conditions may provide a basis for detection of future outbreaks of malaria. The models developed in this paper are useful for implementing preventive strategies using past meteorological and past malaria incidence.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document