Using Site Survey Data to Monitor Shallow Subsurface Leakage

Author(s):  
M. Landro
1996 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 16-17
Author(s):  
Curt Dunnam

This month's installment completes our primer series on magnetic fields by defining conditions where remedial EM site shielding is in fact technically feasible and by illustrating examples of both passive and active shielding methods (or attaining lower site fields. For those readers who may have missed one or more previous articles, we have thus far presented some basic physics describing magnetic source fields [Microscopy Today, November, 1995), examined magnetic survey equipment and methods relevant to EM interference thresholds (Ml, January, 1996), and, in Part IV (“Survey Data Analysis”, MT, May, 1996), suggested techniques for interpretation of typical EM site survey data.


2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 2875 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiaying Shi ◽  
Tsuyoshi Honjo ◽  
Kaixuan Zhang ◽  
Katsunori Furuya

In recent years, research on landscape perception has been generally overoptimistic about the use of virtual reality (VR); however, few have questioned the validity of VR. It is necessary to examine whether on-site stimulation can be substituted by VR. The purpose of this study was to assess the degree of agreement between on-site survey and VR for landscape perception. The sample included 11 representative landscapes from Tsuchiura city and Tsukuba city, Japan. On-site survey data was collected for 17 items related to aesthetic preference and landscape cognition. The same scenes were produced by VR and same survey data as on-site was collected. The agreement of both the overall mean of all landscapes and the ratings of all individuals in each landscape confirmed the high level of concordance of most cognitive attributes between the two stimuli. The findings support immersive VR as a reliable tool for assessing landscape cognition.


2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen P. Miller ◽  
Christina Massell Symons ◽  
John Helly
Keyword(s):  

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 183-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey R. Parsons

AbstractIn this paper I focus on the regional surveys undertaken in 1960–1975—their development, implementation, key accomplishments, and major shortcomings. I also point to how resulting survey data and surface collections have provided the foundations for subsequent research on a variety of specific problems, sites, and locales, and how complementary historical and ethnographical studies have contributed to interpretations of pre-Columbian settlement patterns. I consider how off-site survey can, and should, complement the more extensive regional surveys that have been carried out in the past. While lamenting the archaeological record lost to modern development, in a more positive vein I suggest lines of productive future investigation that might still be undertaken to extend the significance of past results, evaluate a series of questions and hypotheses defined by the surveys, and help conserve archaeological sites and collections for future study.


2006 ◽  
Vol 33 (7) ◽  
pp. 557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey W. Heard ◽  
Peter Robertson ◽  
Michael P. Scroggie

Assessment of the efficacy of survey techniques for determining species occurrence is crucial for the validation of wildlife survey data. We analysed repeated site-survey data for adults and larvae of the growling grass frog (Litoria raniformis) in order to estimate probabilities of detection for the species using alternative survey techniques. The estimated probability of detecting adults of L. raniformis at occupied sites using diurnal searches was much less than 1.0 (0.107; 95% credible interval: 0.045, 0.192). The estimated probability of detecting adults using nocturnal spotlight searches was considerably higher, but still less than 1.0 (0.696; 95% credible interval: 0.585, 0.796). These results indicate that nocturnal searches are a much more efficient and reliable means of detecting the presence of adult L. raniformis than diurnal searches, but detection using either technique is less than certain. The probability of detecting tadpoles of L. raniformis using either funnel-trapping or dip-netting techniques was estimated at 0.350 (95% credible interval: 0.151, 0.567). Together, these results indicate that reliance on single-site visits during surveys for this species is likely to result in severe under-estimation of the proportion of sites that are actually occupied. We urge other workers to use repeated site-survey data and appropriate methods of data analysis to assess and report probabilities of detection when documenting the results of wildlife surveys.


2009 ◽  
Vol 90 (5) ◽  
pp. 1850-1853 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.S. Shonkwiler ◽  
Jeffrey Englin
Keyword(s):  

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