scholarly journals Residencia: the annual inspection of households in an andean community

2007 ◽  
pp. 353-360
Author(s):  
Steve Froemming
Keyword(s):  
Andean Community

Las funciones del interregionalismo en la relación UE-CAN

Oikos ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (29) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Olga María Cerqueira Torres
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Present Article ◽  
The Political ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Integration Process ◽  
Association Agreement ◽  
Political Rationality ◽  
Article Analysis ◽  
Andean Community ◽  
The Eu

RESUMENEn el presente artículo el análisis se ha centrado en determinar cuáles de las funciones del interregionalismo, sistematizadas en los trabajos de Jürgen Rüland, han sido desarrolladas en la relación Unión Europea-Comunidad Andina de Naciones, ya que ello ha permitido evidenciar si el estado del proceso de integración de la CAN ha condicionado la racionalidad política del comportamiento de la Unión Europea hacia la región andina (civil power o soft imperialism); esto posibilitará establecer la viabilidad de la firma del Acuerdo de Asociación Unión Europea-Comunidad Andina de Naciones.Palabras clave: Unión Europea, Comunidad Andina, interregionalismo, funciones, acuerdo de asociación. Interregionalism functions in the EU-ANDEAN community relationsABSTRACTIn the present article analysis has focused on which functions of interregionalism, systematized by Jürgen Rüland, have been developed in the European Union-Andean Community birregional relation, that allowed demonstrate if the state of the integration process in the Andean Community has conditioned the political rationality of the European Union towards the Andean region (civil power or soft imperialism); with all these elements will be possible to establish the viability of the Association Agreement signature between the European Union and the Andean Community.Keywords: European Union, Andean Community, interregionalism, functions, association agreement.

Features of Integration and Metaintegration in American Region

2019 ◽  
pp. 58-64
Keyword(s):  
Integration Method ◽  
South American ◽  
Legal Systems ◽  
Policy Integration ◽  
American Continent ◽  
Member States ◽  
The Creation ◽  
South American Continent ◽  
Andean Community ◽  
American Region

The analysis of integration of the legal systems of states in the American region is held. In the Southern subregion, a combination of integration and disintegration in cooperation of states led to the creation of two integration entities – MERCOSUR and the Andean Community (AC), in the Northern subregion – NAFTA. The author concludes that the convergence on the American continent, especially using the integration method, helped to implement a special scenario in the southern part of this continent – the meta-integration scenario, with the creation of the Union of South American Nations, uniting the Andean Community and MERCOSUR – something resembling a European one, but at the same time different from it. UNASUR is an effective mechanism for bringing together and integrating the states of the South American continent. Within this Union with notable leadership of Brazil and Argentina the first steps in the direction of the foreign policy integration of the member states are traced. In terms of economic integration, the Union uses the achievements of the AC and MERCOSUR, unifying the legal regulators in the economic sphere and bringing rapprochement to the legal systems of the member states.

The Andean Tribunal of Justice

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen J. Alter ◽  
Laurence R. Helfer
Keyword(s):  
Political Crisis ◽  
Community Institutions ◽  
High Profile ◽  
Governmental Support ◽  
Regional Economic Policy ◽  
Limited Power ◽  
Import Restrictions ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Legal Grounds ◽  
Andean Community

This chapter discusses the Andean Tribunal Justice (the ATJ or Tribunal) and considers how the ATJ has fared during a period of regional political crisis and declining governmental support for Andean Community institutions. The “island” of narrow, intermediate, and extensive authority for intellectual property disputes that developed prior to the mid-2000s is resilient and even thriving, even as the ATJ’s de jure authority has contracted and its de facto authority has been threatened by proposals by Ecuador to merge the Andean Community with MERCOSUR and by politically high-profile noncompliance suits involving Ecuadoran import restrictions. Yet even in these contentious cases, the Andean legal system—backstopped by overlapping constraints of the World Trade Organization (WTO)—pushed Ecuador to offer plausible legal grounds to defend its import restrictions. The chapter concludes by exploring the relationship between the ATJ’s de facto authority and its limited power to shape regional economic policy.

scholarly journals Integrating equality in evaluation of water access for irrigation in an Andean community

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-58
Author(s):  
Lina G. Terrazas V. ◽  
◽  
Laura Forni ◽  
Marisa Escobar A. ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Demand ◽  
Future Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Water Access ◽  
Agricultural Communities ◽  
Policy Interventions ◽  
Poverty And Inequality ◽  
Access To Water ◽  
Demand Coverage ◽  
Andean Community

Development statistics for Bolivia reflect considerable inequalities among people, for instance, poverty rates are much higher in rural agricultural communities, where living conditions depend to a great extent on access to water resources. Many policy interventions ignore the principle of equality, and in some cases even exacerbate differences. In this paper, we examine water access for irrigation in an Andean community, integrating a perspective of equality based on data disaggregation. By analyzing the available data, we identified that tenure of rights and distribution priority are the main criteria that control water access in the community. Based on these criteria, water demand was disaggregated into 28 groups and the system was simulated using the Water Evaluation and Planning (WEAP) software, which allowed us to assess water demand coverage. Some groups receive less than 20% of their water demand, while others receive almost 100%. These inequalities are hidden in an aggregated model, which shows that the entire system never receives less than 60% of water demand. An evaluation of future climate change scenarios showed that water demand coverage could decline a further 15% in the dry season. The implementation of planned strategies, however, could counteract that decline by increasing supply and storage facilities; the model showed that implementing these strategies could raise water demand coverage up to 80% for some groups; however, others still face shortages. This study highlights methods and tools in planning that can strengthen existing equality approaches, and increase the efficiency in reducing poverty and inequality through water management.

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