Development of Candida albicans Biofilms Is Diminished by Paeonia lactiflora via Obstruction of Cell Adhesion and Cell Lysis

ABSTRACT Candida albicans is the leading cause of systemic fungal infections in immunocompromised humans. The ability to form biofilms on surfaces in the host or on implanted medical devices enhances C. albicans virulence, leading to antimicrobial resistance and providing a reservoir for infection. Biofilm formation is a complex multicellular process consisting of cell adhesion, cell growth, morphogenic switching between yeast form and filamentous states, and quorum sensing. Here we describe the role of the C. albicans EAP1 gene, which encodes a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored, glucan-cross-linked cell wall protein, in adhesion and biofilm formation in vitro and in vivo. Deleting EAP1 reduced cell adhesion to polystyrene and epithelial cells in a gene dosage-dependent manner. Furthermore, EAP1 expression was required for C. albicans biofilm formation in an in vitro parallel plate flow chamber model and in an in vivo rat central venous catheter model. EAP1 expression was upregulated in biofilm-associated cells in vitro and in vivo. Our results illustrate an association between Eap1p-mediated adhesion and biofilm formation in vitro and in vivo.

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Microscopical analysis of Candida albicans biofilms on heat-polymerised acrylic resin after chlorhexidine gluconate and sodium hypochlorite treatments

Mycoses ◽

10.1111/j.1439-0507.2010.02005.x ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 54 (6) ◽

pp. e712-e717 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Paulo Maurício Batista da Silva ◽

Emílio José T. Rodríguez Acosta ◽

Luciana de Rezende Pinto ◽

Márcia Graeff ◽

Denise Madalena P. Spolidorio ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Candida Albicans ◽

Sodium Hypochlorite ◽

Acrylic Resin ◽

Chlorhexidine Gluconate ◽

Microscopical Analysis ◽

Candida Albicans Biofilms

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Candida albicans Expresses a Focal Adhesion Kinase-Like Protein That Undergoes Increased Tyrosine Phosphorylation upon Yeast Cell Adhesion to Vitronectin and the EA.hy 926 Human Endothelial Cell Line

Infection and Immunity ◽

10.1128/iai.70.7.3804-3815.2002 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 70 (7) ◽

pp. 3804-3815 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Giorgio Santoni ◽

Roberta Lucciarini ◽

Consuelo Amantini ◽

Jordan Jacobelli ◽

Elisabetta Spreghini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Endothelial Cells ◽

Candida Albicans ◽

Cell Adhesion ◽

Endothelial Cell ◽

Yeast Cell ◽

Focal Adhesion Kinase ◽

Cell Line ◽

Tyrosine Phosphorylation ◽

Focal Adhesion ◽

Human Endothelial Cell Line

ABSTRACT The signaling pathways triggered by adherence of Candida albicans to the host cells or extracellular matrix are poorly understood. We provide here evidence in C. albicans yeasts of a p105 focal adhesion kinase (Fak)-like protein (that we termed CaFak), antigenically related to the vertebrate p125Fak, and its involvement in integrin-like-mediated fungus adhesion to vitronectin (VN) and EA.hy 926 human endothelial cell line. Biochemical analysis with different anti-chicken Fak antibodies identified CaFak as a 105-kDa protein and immunofluorescence and cytofluorimetric analysis on permeabilized cells specifically stain C. albicans yeasts; moreover, confocal microscopy evidences CaFak as a cytosolic protein that colocalizes on the membrane with the integrin-like VN receptors upon yeast adhesion to VN. The protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) inhibitors genistein and herbimycin A strongly inhibited C. albicans yeast adhesion to VN and EA.hy 926 endothelial cells. Moreover, engagement of αvβ3 and αvβ5 integrin-like on C. albicans either by specific monoclonal antibodies or upon adhesion to VN or EA.hy 926 endothelial cells stimulates CaFak tyrosine phosphorylation that is blocked by PTK inhibitor. A role for CaFak in C. albicans yeast adhesion was also supported by the failure of VN to stimulate its tyrosine phosphorylation in a C. albicans mutant showing normal levels of CaFak and VNR-like integrins but displaying reduced adhesiveness to VN and EA.hy 926 endothelial cells. Our results suggest that C. albicans Fak-like protein is involved in the control of yeast cell adhesion to VN and endothelial cells.

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Influence of serum and polystyrene plate type on stability of Candida albicans biofilms

Journal of Microbiological Methods ◽

10.1016/j.mimet.2017.04.006 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 139 ◽

pp. 8-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Purity N. Kipanga ◽

Walter Luyten

Keyword(s):

Candida Albicans ◽

Polystyrene Plate ◽

Candida Albicans Biofilms ◽

Plate Type

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Inactivation of Candida albicans biofilms by atmospheric gliding arc plasma jet: effect of gas chemistry/flow and plasma pulsing

Plasma Research Express ◽

10.1088/2516-1067/aae7e1 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 015001

Author(s):

A C O C Doria ◽

F R Figueira ◽

J S B de Lima ◽

J A N Figueira ◽

A H R Castro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Candida Albicans ◽

Plasma Jet ◽

Arc Plasma ◽

Gliding Arc ◽

Gliding Arc Plasma ◽

Gas Chemistry ◽

Candida Albicans Biofilms

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DNase increases the efficacy of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy on Candida albicans biofilms

Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy ◽

10.1016/j.pdpdt.2019.05.038 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 27 ◽

pp. 124-131 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Beatriz H.D. Panariello ◽

Marlise I. Klein ◽

Fernanda Alves ◽

Ana Cláudia Pavarina

Keyword(s):

Candida Albicans ◽

Photodynamic Therapy ◽

Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy ◽

Candida Albicans Biofilms

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Candida albicans Biofilms Do Not Trigger Reactive Oxygen Species and Evade Neutrophil Killing

The Journal of Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/infdis/jis607 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 206 (12) ◽

pp. 1936-1945 ◽

Cited By ~ 67

Author(s):

Z. Xie ◽

A. Thompson ◽

T. Sobue ◽

H. Kashleva ◽

H. Xu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Reactive Oxygen Species ◽

Candida Albicans ◽

Reactive Oxygen ◽

Oxygen Species ◽

Candida Albicans Biofilms

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In Vitro Activity of Caspofungin against Candida albicans Biofilms

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy ◽

10.1128/aac.46.11.3591-3596.2002 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 46 (11) ◽

pp. 3591-3596 ◽

Cited By ~ 211

Author(s):

Stefano P. Bachmann ◽

Kacy VandeWalle ◽

Gordon Ramage ◽

Thomas F. Patterson ◽

Brian L. Wickes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Candida Albicans ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Vitro Activity ◽

Confocal Scanning Laser Microscopy ◽

In Vitro Activity ◽

Confocal Scanning ◽

Confocal Scanning Laser ◽

Biofilm Development ◽

Candida Albicans Biofilms

ABSTRACT Most manifestations of candidiasis are associated with biofilm formation on biological or inanimate surfaces. Candida albicans biofilms are recalcitrant to treatment with conventional antifungal therapies. Here we report on the activity of caspofungin, a new semisynthetic echinocandin, against C. albicans biofilms. Caspofungin displayed potent in vitro activity against sessile C. albicans cells within biofilms, with MICs at which 50% of the sessile cells were inhibited well within the drug's therapeutic range. Scanning electron microscopy and confocal scanning laser microscopy were used to visualize the effects of caspofungin on preformed C. albicans biofilms, and the results indicated that caspofungin affected the cellular morphology and the metabolic status of cells within the biofilms. The coating of biomaterials with caspofungin had an inhibitory effect on subsequent biofilm development by C. albicans. Together these findings indicate that caspofungin displays potent activity against C. albicans biofilms in vitro and merits further investigation for the treatment of biofilm-associated infections.

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