Heat-killed Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LRCC5314 mitigates the effects of stress-related type 2 diabetes in mice via gut microbiome modulation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
YoHan Nam ◽  
Seokmin Yoon ◽  
Jihye Baek ◽  
Jong-Hwa Kim ◽  
Miri Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Diabetes In Mice ◽  
Effects Of Stress

scholarly journals The Relationship between the Gut Microbiome and Metformin as a Key for Treating Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 3566
Author(s):  
Chae Bin Lee ◽  
Soon Uk Chae ◽  
Seong Jun Jo ◽  
Ui Min Jerng ◽  
Soo Kyung Bae
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Potential Target ◽  
The Relationship

Metformin is the first-line pharmacotherapy for treating type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM); however, its mechanism of modulating glucose metabolism is elusive. Recent advances have identified the gut as a potential target of metformin. As patients with metabolic disorders exhibit dysbiosis, the gut microbiome has garnered interest as a potential target for metabolic disease. Henceforth, studies have focused on unraveling the relationship of metabolic disorders with the human gut microbiome. According to various metagenome studies, gut dysbiosis is evident in T2DM patients. Besides this, alterations in the gut microbiome were also observed in the metformin-treated T2DM patients compared to the non-treated T2DM patients. Thus, several studies on rodents have suggested potential mechanisms interacting with the gut microbiome, including regulation of glucose metabolism, an increase in short-chain fatty acids, strengthening intestinal permeability against lipopolysaccharides, modulating the immune response, and interaction with bile acids. Furthermore, human studies have demonstrated evidence substantiating the hypotheses based on rodent studies. This review discusses the current knowledge of how metformin modulates T2DM with respect to the gut microbiome and discusses the prospect of harnessing this mechanism in treating T2DM.

An alcohol-free beer enriched with isomaltulose and a resistant dextrin modulates gut microbiome in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus and overweight or obesity: a pilot study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rocío Mateo-Gallego ◽  
Isabel Moreno-Indias ◽  
Ana M. Bea ◽  
Lidia Sánchez-Alcoholado ◽  
Antonio J. Fumanal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Resistant Dextrin ◽  
Overweight Or Obesity

An alcohol-free beer including the substitution of regular carbohydrates for low doses of isomaltulose and maltodextrin within meals significantly impacts gut microbiota in diabetic subjects with overweight or obesity.

scholarly journals Decreased Expression of Cilia Genes in Pancreatic Islets as a Risk Factor for Type 2 Diabetes in Mice and Humans

Cell Reports ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 3027-3036.e3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Kluth ◽  
Mandy Stadion ◽  
Pascal Gottmann ◽  
Heja Aga ◽  
Markus Jähnert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Pancreatic Islets ◽  
Diabetes In Mice

scholarly journals Arrhythmic gut microbiome signatures for risk profiling of Type-2 Diabetes

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Reitmeier ◽  
Silke Kießling ◽  
Thomas Clavel ◽  
Markus List ◽  
Eduardo L. Almeida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Risk Profiling ◽  
Initial Sampling ◽  
Risk Pattern

SummaryTo combat the epidemic increase in Type-2-Diabetes (T2D), risk factors need to be identified. Diet, lifestyle and the gut microbiome are among the most important factors affecting metabolic health. We demonstrate in 1,976 subjects of a prospective population cohort that specific gut microbiota members show diurnal oscillations in their relative abundance and we identified 13 taxa with disrupted rhythmicity in T2D. Prediction models based on this signature classified T2D with an area under the curve of 73%. BMI as microbiota-independent risk marker further improved diagnostic classification of T2D. The validity of this arrhythmic risk signature to predict T2D was confirmed in 699 KORA subjects five years after initial sampling. Shotgun metagenomic analysis linked 26 pathways associated with xenobiotic, amino acid, fatty acid, and taurine metabolism to the diurnal oscillation of gut bacteria. In summary, we determined a cohort-specific risk pattern of arrhythmic taxa which significantly contributes to the classification and prediction of T2D, highlighting the importance of circadian rhythmicity of the microbiome in targeting metabolic human diseases.

scholarly journals Qualitative Parameters of the Colonic Flora in Patients with HNF1A-MODY Are Different from Those Observed in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Mrozinska ◽  
Piotr Radkowski ◽  
Tomasz Gosiewski ◽  
Magdalena Szopa ◽  
Malgorzata Bulanda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Bacterial Flora ◽  
Control Group ◽  
16S Sequencing ◽  
Microbiome Composition ◽  
Colonic Flora

Background. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is determined by genetic and environmental factors. There have been many studies on the relationship between the composition of the gastrointestinal bacterial flora, T2DM, and obesity. There are no data, however, on the gut microbiome structure in monogenic forms of the disease including Maturity Onset Diabetes of the Young (MODY).Methods. The aim of the investigation was to compare the qualitative parameters of the colonic flora in patients with HNF1A-MODY and T2DM and healthy individuals. 16S sequencing of bacterial DNA isolated from the collected fecal samples using the MiSeq platform was performed.Results. There were significant between-group differences in the bacterial profile. At the phylum level, the amount of Proteobacteria was higher (p=0.0006) and the amount of Bacteroidetes was lower (p=0.0005) in T2DM group in comparison to the control group. In HNF1A-MODY group, the frequency of Bacteroidetes was lower than in the control group (p=0.0143). At the order level, Turicibacterales was more abundant in HNF1A-MODY group than in T2DM group.Conclusions. It appears that there are differences in the gut microbiome composition between patients with HNF1A-MODY and type 2 diabetes. Further investigation on this matter should be conducted.

scholarly journals The Gut Microbiome and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Discussing A Complex Relationship

Biomedicines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelos K. Sikalidis ◽  
Adeline Maykish
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
The United States ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Fat Diets

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a disease that affects over 9% of the United States population and is closely linked to obesity. While obesity was once thought to stem from a sedentary lifestyle and diets high in fat, recent evidence supports the idea that there is more complexity pertinent to the issue. The human gut microbiome has recently been the focus in terms of influencing disease onset. Evidence has shown that the microbiome may be more closely related to T2DM than what was originally thought. High fat diets typically result in poor microbiome heath, which then shifts the gut into a state of dysbiosis. Dysbiosis can then lead to metabolic deregulation, including increased insulin resistance and inflammation, two key factors in the development of T2DM. The purpose of this review is to discuss how microbiome relates to T2DM onset, especially considering obesity, insulin resistance, and inflammation.

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