Methodical Spatial Database Design with Topological Polygon Structures

2013 ◽  
pp. 295-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Damascène Mazimpaka
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Spatial Databases ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Spatial Database ◽  
Database Design ◽  
Integrity Constraints ◽  
Data Infrastructure ◽  
Database Development ◽  
Model Driven

Spatial databases form the foundation for a Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI). For this, a spatial database should be methodically developed to accommodate its role in SDI. It is desirable to have an approach to spatial database development that considers maintenance from the early stage of database design and in a flexible way. Moreover, there is a lack of a mechanism to capture topological relations of spatial objects during the design process. This paper presents an approach that integrates maintenance of topological integrity constraints into the whole spatial database development cycle. The approach is based on the concept of Abstract Data Types. A number of topological classes have been identified and modelling primitives developed for them. Topological integrity constraints are embedded into maintenance functions associated with the topological classes. A semi-automatic transformation process has been developed following the principles of Model Driven Architecture to simplify the design process.

Methodical Spatial Database Design with Topological Polygon Structures

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-30
Author(s):  
Jean Damascène Mazimpaka
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Spatial Databases ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Spatial Database ◽  
Database Design ◽  
Integrity Constraints ◽  
Data Types ◽  
Data Infrastructure ◽  
Database Development

Spatial databases form the foundation for a Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI). For this, a spatial database should be methodically developed to accommodate its role in SDI. It is desirable to have an approach to spatial database development that considers maintenance from the early stage of database design and in a flexible way. Moreover, there is a lack of a mechanism to capture topological relations of spatial objects during the design process. This paper presents an approach that integrates maintenance of topological integrity constraints into the whole spatial database development cycle. The approach is based on the concept of Abstract Data Types. A number of topological classes have been identified and modelling primitives developed for them. Topological integrity constraints are embedded into maintenance functions associated with the topological classes. A semi-automatic transformation process has been developed following the principles of Model Driven Architecture to simplify the design process.

scholarly journals From Surveying to Geomatics

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 153-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Besim Ajvazi ◽  
Fisnik Loshi ◽  
Béla Márkus
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Professional Education ◽  
Spatial Databases ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Systems ◽  
Geospatial Information ◽  
Automatic Data ◽  
Data Infrastructure ◽  
Building Information ◽  
Concept Building

In the land surveying profession fast changes have been taking place in the last fifty years. Technological changes are generated by the Information and Communication Technologies; the analogue – digital trends; the automatic data acquisition methods replace manual ones; instead of two-dimensional base maps we use dynamic spatial databases more and more integrated into a global data infrastructure. However, these changes cause impacts also on scientific level. The traditional top-down approach substituted by bottom-up methodologies; in many cases the point-by-point measurement is changed by 3D laserscanning or Unmanned Aerial Systems, which produces huge amount of data, but it needs new algorithms for information extraction; instead of a simple data provision land surveyors support complex spatial decisions. The paper is dealing with some aspects of these changes. In the first chapter the authors would like to highlight the “data-information-knowledge” relations and the importance of changes in professional education. The second chapter gives an example of the benefits of a Global Spatial Data Infrastructure in spatial decision support. Finally we introduce a new concept (Building Information Modelling) in modelling the real world. However, until now BIM is used in building construction industry, it can can be a paradigm shift in geospatial information management in general.

MDD Approach for Maintaining Integrity Constraints in Databases

2009 ◽  
pp. 145-153
Author(s):  
Harith T. Al-Jumaily ◽  
Dolores Cuadra ◽  
Paloma Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Database Systems ◽  
Complex Problem ◽  
Integrity Constraints ◽  
Cardinality Constraint ◽  
Conceptual Schema ◽  
Database Development ◽  
Model Driven ◽  
Graphical Interfaces ◽  
The Universe

In the context of database, we believe that MDD (Model-Driven Development) (OMG, 2006) is a very ambitious task because we find that when applying database development methodologies such as (Elmasri, et al., 2007), there are processes devoted to transforming conceptual into logical schemata. In such processes, semantic losses are produced since logical elements are not coincident with conceptual elements. A correct constraints transformation is necessary to preserve the semantics that reflects the Universe of Discourse. The multiplicity constraint, also called cardinality constraint, is one of these constraints that can be established in a conceptual schema. It has dynamic aspects that are transformed into the logical model as certain conditions to verify the insertion, deletion, and update operations. The verification of these constraints is a serious and complex problem because currently database systems are not able to preserve the multiplicity constraints of their objects. To solve the modeling problem, CASE tools have been introduced to automate the life cycle of database development. These platforms try to help the database developers in different design phases. Nevertheless, these tools are frequently simple graphical interfaces and do not completely carryout the design methodology that they are should to support.

Integrity Constraints in Spatial Databases

2002 ◽  
pp. 144-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karla A.V. Borges ◽  
Clodoveu A. Davis Jr. ◽  
Alberto H.F. Laender
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
Data Model ◽  
Spatial Databases ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Spatial Relationship ◽  
Object Oriented ◽  
Database Management System ◽  
Geometric Constraints ◽  
Integrity Constraints ◽  
Spatial Relationships

This chapter addresses the relationship that exists between the nature of spatial information, spatial relationships, and spatial integrity constraints, and proposes the use of OMT-G (Borges et al., 1999; Borges et al., 2001), an object-oriented data model for geographic applications, at an early stage in the specification of integrity constraints in spatial databases. OMT-G provides appropriate primitives for representing spatial data, supports spatial relationships and allows the specification of spatial integrity rules (topological, semantic and user integrity rules) through its spatial primitives and spatial relationship constructs. Being an object-oriented data model, it also allows some spatial constraints to be encapsulated as methods associated to specific georeferenced classes. Once constraints are explicitly documented in the conceptual modeling phase, and methods to enforce the spatial integrity constraints are defined, the spatial database management system and the application must implement such constraints. This chapter does not cover integrity constraints associated to the representation of simple objects, such as constraints implicit to the geometric description of a polygon. Geometric constraints are related to the implementation, and are covered here in a higher level view, considering only the shape of geographic objects. Consistency rules associated with the representation of spatial objects are discussed in Laurini and Thompson (1992).

Spatial Databases

2017 ◽  
pp. 111-149
Author(s):  
Grace L. Samson ◽  
Joan Lu ◽  
Mistura M. Usman ◽  
Qiang Xu
Keyword(s):  
Data Storage ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Spatial Databases ◽  
Query Language ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Spatial Database ◽  
Multidimensional Data ◽  
Data Types ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Storage And Retrieval

Spatial databases maintain space information which is appropriate for applications where there is need to monitor the position of an object or event over space. Spatial databases describe the fundamental representation of the object of a dataset that comes from spatial or geographic entities. A spatial database supports aspects of space and offers spatial data types in its data model and query language. The spatial or geographic referencing attributes of the objects in a spatial database permits them to be positioned within a two (2) dimensional or three (3) dimensional space. This chapter looks into the fundamentals of spatial databases and describes their basic component, operations and architecture. The study focuses on the data models, query Language, query processing, indexes and query optimization of a spatial databases that approves spatial databases as a necessary tool for data storage and retrieval for multidimensional data of high dimensional spaces.

Query Processing in Spatial Databases

2009 ◽  
pp. 269-278
Author(s):  
Antonio Corral ◽  
Michael Vassilakopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Query Processing ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Spatial Databases ◽  
Spatial Database ◽  
Database System ◽  
Data Types ◽  
Spatial Data Models ◽  
Large Scale Integration ◽  
Efficient Query Processing

Spatial data management has been an active area of intensive research for more than two decades. In order to support spatial objects in a database system several important issues must be taken into account such as: spatial data models, indexing mechanisms and efficient query processing. A spatial database system (SDBS) is a database system that offers spatial data types in its data model and query language and supports spatial data types in its implementation, providing at least spatial indexing and efficient spatial query processing (Güting, 1994). The main reason that has caused the active study of spatial database management systems (SDBMS) comes from the needs of the existing applications such as geographical information systems (GIS), computer-aided design (CAD), very large scale integration design (VLSI), multimedia information systems (MIS), data warehousing, multi-criteria decision making, location-based services, etc.

scholarly journals Efficient NN Spatial Keyword Search Using Spatial Inverted (SI) Index

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.19) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
B.A. Vishnupriya ◽  
N. Senthamarai ◽  
S. Bharathi
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
Spatial Databases ◽  
Keyword Search ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Spatial Database ◽  
Spatial Relations ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Inverted File ◽  
File Structure ◽  
N Gram

"Spatial information mining", or learning revelation in spatial database, alludes to the illustration out of concealed information, spatial relations, or different examples that are not unequivocally put away in spatial databases. To get to the spatial database alongside the catchphrase another kind of inquiry called spatial watchword question is utilized. A spatial watchword inquiry get client area and client given catchphrases as contentions and gives web protests that are spatially and literarily material to these information. The current answers for such inquiries depend on IR2-tree that has a couple of inadequacies as space utilization and event of false hit is extremely huge when the question of the last outcome is far from the inquiry point .To beat this issue a novel file structure called Spatial Inverted file is proposed. Presently a-days use of portable is expanding enormously .In the versatile system an intermediary is set between base station and Location Based Server (LBS).This intermediary utilizes the Spatial modified file procedure to answer the SK inquiry by utilizing spatial data from the base station and printed data from the client question. The outcome from the SI record is given to two file structure in the intermediary called EVR Tree and Grid list. The Estimated Valid Region (EVR) for the present area of the client and required spatial articles are produced and come back to the client. On the off chance that the EVR is absent in the two file structure of intermediary it offer question to LBS. In the event that the client given inquiry is miss written or miss spelled it can be oversee by SI record utilizing n gram/2L Approximation file.

scholarly journals Analysis of the cadastral data published in the Polish Spatial Data Infrastructure

2017 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waldemar Izdebski
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
Spatial Databases ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Spatial Data Infrastructure ◽  
Data Publishing ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Data Infrastructure ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Moment

Abstract The cadastral data, including land parcels, are the basic reference data for presenting various objects collected in spatial databases. Easy access to up-to-date records is a very important matter for the individuals and institutions using spatial data infrastructure. The primary objective of the study was to check the current accessibility of cadastral data as well as to verify how current and complete they are. The author started researching this topic in 2007, i.e. from the moment the Team for National Spatial Data Infrastructure developed documentation concerning the standard of publishing cadastral data with the use of the WMS. Since ten years, the author was monitoring the status of cadastral data publishing in various districts as well as participated in data publishing in many districts. In 2017, when only half of the districts published WMS services from cadastral data, the questions arise: why is it so and how to change this unfavourable status? As a result of the tests performed, it was found that the status of publishing cadastral data is still far from perfect. The quality of the offered web services varies and, unfortunately, many services offer poor performance; moreover, there are plenty services that do not operate at all.

Spatial Data Mining Based on Campus GIS

2011 ◽  
Vol 282-283 ◽  
pp. 641-645 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Ling Yu ◽  
Tao Guan ◽  
Jin Fa Shi
Keyword(s):  
Data Mining ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Spatial Databases ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Spatial Database ◽  
Spatial Data Mining ◽  
Prototype System ◽  
Spatial Features ◽  
Database Technology ◽  
Mining Model

With the rapid development of spatial database technology, spatial databases have been widely used in many engineering fields and rapidly increase in data capacity. Thus, to mine useful information from large spatial databases turns into a difficult but important task. In this paper, we apply the traditional data mining into spatial database and give a mining model for spatial data based on Campus GIS. Moreover, based on campus GIS, we implement a spatial data mining prototype system that is able to discovery the useful spatial features and patterns in spatial databases. The application in the campus GIS of a university has shown the feasibility and validity of the system.

scholarly journals INTEGRATION OF URBAN SPATIAL DATA MANAGEMENT AND VISUALIZATION WITH ENTERPRISE APPLICATIONS USING OPEN-SOURCE SOFTWARE

2021 ◽  
Vol XLIII-B4-2021 ◽  
pp. 307-312
Author(s):  
H. Ostadabbas ◽  
H. Merz ◽  
H. Weippert
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Open Source ◽  
Open Source Software ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Spatial Databases ◽  
Spatial Database ◽  
Resource Planning ◽  
Accounting System ◽  
Application Systems

Abstract. In recent years, efficient management of urban spatial data has played a major role in improving urban planning projects both in terms of cost and time savings. Since urban planning projects involve various disciplines like city planning and architecture as well as working with different spatial data, one of the main challenges is how to integrate and manage these multimodal data for a proper workflow. Currently, the involved companies are using project management and accounting systems, so called Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems to handle these complex urban projects - that partly handle the same data objects as stored in urban spatial databases but without any spatial reference. Embedded in the application example of an urban redevelopment area, which according to the German Urban Development Promotion Act aims at financially promoting urban districts in need of renewal, project-related spatial and non-spatial data that were previously kept separate are linked and integrated. Therefore, our work presented here bridges the gap between these two types of application systems, the non-spatial accounting system called Finanz Management System (FMS) and the urban spatial databases. FMS manages information related to parcels, buildings, property owners, as well as the legally required payments connected to urban development, while an urban spatial database manages the geodata. We describe the prerequisites, procedures, and software development steps for coupling different types of applications by providing an example of the Enterprise Application Integration System (EAI). Our innovative integration process aims at making information from the spatial database available in FMS and vice versa, and allows updating the corresponding databases. Our work shows the potential of open-source software for cadastral data processing and visualization as well as accounting procedures for urban planning projects.

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