Assistive Technologies and Computers

2016 ◽  
pp. 444-464
Author(s):  
Thais Pousada ◽  
Betania Groba ◽  
Laura Nieto ◽  
Javier Pereira ◽  
Alejandro Pazos
Keyword(s):  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Environmental Context ◽  
Assistive Technologies ◽  
International Classification Of Functioning ◽  
Technology Support ◽  
Occupational Performance ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Social Environmental ◽  
The Individual

The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) (WHO, 2001) provides the term disability as a part of the multi-aspects of the interaction between the individual and social environmental context in which it operates. Therefore a disabled person is a person who has impairment, activity limitation or participation restriction. A person in this situation can present difficulties in occupational performance. It is necessary to develop a set of resources, technological or otherwise, to offset these difficulties, decrease the distance between exclusion and participation and contribute to the integration of people with functional diversity in society. These resources are called support products or technology support, but do not eliminate the deficits, they can eliminate the limitation of the performance of persons with disabilities.

Assistive Technologies, Tools and Resources for the Access and Use of Information and Communication Technologies by People with Disabilities

2013 ◽  
pp. 246-260
Author(s):  
Betania Groba ◽  
Thais Pousada ◽  
Laura Nieto
Keyword(s):  
Assistive Technology ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Assistive Technologies ◽  
Technology Support ◽  
Occupational Performance ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Information And Communication

A person with disabilities can present difficulties in occupational performance. It is necessary to develop a set of resources, technological or otherwise, to offset these difficulties, and contribute to the integration of people with functional diversity in society. These resources are called support products or technology support, but do not eliminate the deficits, they can eliminate the limitation of the performance of persons with disabilities. Moreover, the Information Technology and Communications (ICT) were formed as an alternative to personal empowerment of people with disabilities. To access and use of these new technologies are used to support specific products. In the market there is a diversity and variety of assistive technology, so it is necessary the classification and analysis of various products before the person can use it. The purpose of this chapter is to provide information about assistive technology, and specifically those directly related to ICT.

Assistive Technologies, Tools and Resources for the Access and Use of Information and Communication Technologies by People with Disabilities

2011 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Betania Groba ◽  
Thais Pousada ◽  
Laura Nieto
Keyword(s):  
Assistive Technology ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Assistive Technologies ◽  
Technology Support ◽  
Occupational Performance ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Information And Communication

A person with disabilities can present difficulties in occupational performance. It is necessary to develop a set of resources, technological or otherwise, to offset these difficulties, and contribute to the integration of people with functional diversity in society. These resources are called support products or technology support, but do not eliminate the deficits, they can eliminate the limitation of the performance of persons with disabilities. Moreover, the Information Technology and Communications (ICT) were formed as an alternative to personal empowerment of people with disabilities. To access and use of these new technologies are used to support specific products. In the market there is a diversity and variety of assistive technology, so it is necessary the classification and analysis of various products before the person can use it. The purpose of this chapter is to provide information about assistive technology, and specifically those directly related to ICT.

Beyond the ICF: Italian network strategies for job placement of persons with disabilities

Modern Italy ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Corbisiero
Keyword(s):  
Medical Model ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
World Health ◽  
International Classification Of Functioning ◽  
Disability And Health ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Attitudinal Barriers ◽  
Italian Legislation

The Second National Conference on Disability, held in Bari in 2003, took the World Health Organization's International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF), adopted by all WHO member states in 2001, as its frame of reference for future action and policies on disability. The ICF broke decisively with the medical model by seeing disability as an interaction between a biological and psychological condition and environmental and attitudinal barriers. Although existing Italian legislation on access to work for persons with disabilities, particularly Law 68/1999 on ‘collocamento mirato’ (targeted placement), anticipated some of the principles and definitions of the ICF, its implementation in practice was often snared in complex bureaucratic procedures and compromised by narrowly medical assessments of impairment and by considerable variations in standard from region to region. In 2009–2011 a pilot project, Progetto ICF4, was launched in 11 regions of Italy. It applied ICF principles, using Social Network Analysis (SNA) to assess the suitability of a work environment in terms of the networks of relations between the different actors involved in it. The way this has functioned in practice is illustrated by a case study of Teramo, one of the provinces in the pilot.

Relation between capacity and performance in paediatric upper limb prosthesis users

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Lindner ◽  
Ayako Hiyoshi ◽  
Liselotte Hermansson
Keyword(s):  
Real Life ◽  
Myoelectric Control ◽  
International Classification Of Functioning ◽  
Upper Limb Prosthesis ◽  
Unit Increase ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Adjusted Model ◽  
The Relationship

Background: The International Classification of functioning, disability and health refers capacity to what an individual can do in a standardised environment and describes performance as what an individual really does and whether the individual encounters any difficulty in the real-life environment. Measures of capacity and performance can help to determine if there is any gap between them that may restrict participation. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between capacity scores obtained in a standardised clinical setting and proportional ease of performance obtained from a real-life environment. Methods: The Assessment of Capacity for Myoelectric Control and the Prosthetic Upper Extremity Functional Index were used to assess capacity and performance in 62 prosthetic users (age 3–17). Spearman coefficient and generalised linear model were used to examine the association between these measures. Results: A strong correlation (Spearman = 0.75) was found between the capacity scores and the ease of performance. In both unadjusted and adjusted models, capacity was significantly associated with proportional ease of performance. The adjusted model showed that, by 1 unit increase in the Assessment of Capacity for Myoelectric Control score, the ratio of proportional ease of performance increases by 45%. Conclusion: This implies that Assessment of Capacity for Myoelectric Control can be a predictor for ease of performance in real-life environment. Clinical relevance The ACMC scores may serve as an indicator to predict the difficulties that the children may encounter in their home environment. This prediction can help the clinician to make decisions, such that if the child requires more control training or is ready to move on to learn more complex tasks.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Treatment in the Smart Home IRIS in terms of Functional Independence and Occupational Performance and Satisfaction

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julija Ocepek ◽  
Anne E. K. Roberts ◽  
Gaj Vidmar
Keyword(s):  
Elderly People ◽  
Independent Living ◽  
Smart Home ◽  
Functional Independence Measure ◽  
Functional Independence ◽  
Performance Measure ◽  
Assistive Technologies ◽  
Occupational Performance ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Persons With Disabilities

The development of assistive technologies, home modifications, and smart homes has rapidly advanced in the last two decades. Health professionals have recognised the benefits of these technologies in improving individual’s quality of life. The Smart Home IRIS was established in 2008 within the University Rehabilitation Institute in Ljubljana with the aim to enable persons with disabilities and elderly people to test various assistive technologies and technical solutions for their independent living. We investigated the effect of treatments in the Smart Home IRIS. A convenience sample of 59 persons with disabilities and elderly people (aged 24–81 years) who were treated in the Smart Home IRIS from April to December 2011 participated. Standardised instruments—the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) and the Functional Independence Measure (FIM)—were administered at the first assessment in the Smart Home IRIS and at a second assessment at the participant’s home after 6–12 months. All the outcomes statistically significantly improved from the first to the second assessment. The treatments in the Smart Home IRIS appeared to contribute to higher occupational performance and satisfaction with performance and higher functional independence of persons with disabilities and elderly people.

scholarly journals Social Environmental Factors Related to Resuming Driving after Brain Injury: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1469
Author(s):  
Mamiko Sato ◽  
Yasutaka Kobayashi ◽  
Kazuki Fujita ◽  
Masahito Hitosugi
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
International Classification Of Functioning ◽  
Social Environmental ◽  
Social Environmental Factors

Many patients resume driving after brain injury regardless of their ability to drive safely. Predictors for resuming driving in terms of actual resumption status and environmental factors are unclear. We evaluated the reasons for resuming driving after brain injury and examined whether social environmental factors are useful predictors of resuming driving. This retrospective cohort study was based on a multicenter questionnaire survey at least 18 months after discharge of brain injury patients with rehabilitation. A total of 206 brain injury patients (cerebrovascular disease and traumatic brain injury) were included in the study, which was conducted according to the International Classification of Functioning (ICF) items using log-binominal regression analysis, evaluating social environmental factors as associated factors of resuming driving after brain injury. Social environmental factors, inadequate public transport (risk ratio (RR), 1.38), and no alternative driver (RR, 1.53) were included as significant independent associated factors. We found that models using ICF categories were effective for investigating factors associated with resuming driving in patients after brain injury and significant association between resuming driving and social environmental factors. Therefore, social environmental factors should be considered when predicting driving resumption in patients after brain injury, which may lead to better counseling and environmental adjustment.

Body Image and Functional Loss

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa Henry ◽  
Ali Alias
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Well Being ◽  
World Health ◽  
International Classification Of Functioning ◽  
Functional Loss ◽  
Psychological Mechanisms ◽  
Body Image Disturbances ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Biopsychosocial Assessment

Abstract: The implications of functional loss following cancer is an area of psychosocial oncology that is rarely ventured. This is especially true in the context of limb and sensory losses, which have important repercussions on the patient’s well-being, namely as the individual is required to reassess and redefine his or her identity in face of these adversities. This chapter explores the implications of these losses via the intersection of the World Health Organization’s International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health with key oncological attributes of body image disturbances that seek to render explicit psychological mechanisms underlying impairments, limitations, and restrictions. Emphasizing the use of a standard framework for the assessment of functioning is essential, especially in understudied areas. Through this perspective, further insight is provided for the methodological and biopsychosocial assessment of functioning and body, and implications for clinical inquiry and practice are proposed for the advancement of cancer survivor care.

CONTEMPORARY CONTEXTS OF THE MEANING OF THE TERM “DISABILITY” – IMPLICATIONS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CLASSIFICATION OF FUNCTIONING, DISABILITY AND HEALTH (ICF)

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (34) ◽  
pp. 15-31
Author(s):  
Stanisława Byra ◽  
Magdalena Boczkowska ◽  
Marlena Duda
Keyword(s):  
Medical Model ◽  
International Classification ◽  
International Classification Of Functioning ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Disability And Health ◽  
The Social ◽  
Different Dimensions ◽  
The Individual

The article provides a theoretical analysis of the contemporary contexts of the meaning of the term “disability.” Starting with the original medical model, through the social and biopsychosocial model, it shows the concept development process. Reference is made to the International Classification of Impairments, Disabilities and Handicaps and its modified version - the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health. The article explains the concept of disability included in ICF and focuses mainly on the various contexts of its meaning. The analysis presented in the paper shows the complexity of the phenomenon of disability itself, different dimensions of disability experience, the role of personal and contextual factors, as well as the complex nature of relationships between the individual components of ICF: functioning, disability and health.

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