Cogenerative PV Thermal Modules of Different Design for Autonomous Heat and Electricity Supply

2018 ◽  
pp. 86-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valeriy Kharchenko ◽  
Vladimir Panchenko ◽  
Pavel V. Tikhonov ◽  
Pandian Vasant
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Heat Supply ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Electricity Supply ◽  
Well Testing ◽  
Pilot Studies ◽  
Solar Water Heating ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages

Solar energy is used for electricity production by means of photovoltaic modules and for heat supply by means of solar water-heating collectors. In recent years, combined cogeneration photovoltaic thermal modules which work out at the same time both electricity and thermal energy began to be applied actively. The chapter includes consideration of the main types of cogenerative photovoltaic thermal modules of different design such as planar liquid devices as well as devices with concentrator of solar radiation. The advantages and disadvantages of each type are presented. Main directions for improving the efficiency of converting solar energy into thermal and electricity are offered. The description of the offered construction of the module, and also results of theoretical and pilot studies of the module is provided in full-scale conditions. Installation for such tests is described as well. Testing photovoltaic thermal modules with planar and concentrator design are presented in the chapter.

Autonomous Active Solar Energy Systems for Heat Supply in Housing and Communal Services

2021 ◽  
pp. 51-55
Author(s):  
Pavel A. Khavanov
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Heat Supply ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Cold Climate ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Water Heating

Energy saving in small-scale heat power engineering is directed to increasing the efficiency of using fossil energy carriers, electric power, and their wider replacement with alternative sources in housing and communal complex. The practical use of active solar energy systems, both photovoltaic and with direct water heating, has found widespread use. At the same time, the specificities of these systems deployment are caused by climatic and technical conditions of their application. For countries found in climatic zones with temperate and cold climate, water heating installations design is most rational when used seasonally. Low coolant potential, heat supply frequency in active solar energy systems, linked to seasonality of their operation, daytime and weather require several technical solutions. For example, solutions with the use of other equipment in form of thermal energy accumulators, heat pumps and other equipment, which in any case must be combined with a traditional source of thermal energy using fossil fuels or electric power, performing the functions of both other and emergency source of heat energy. Capacity reserving of alternative energy sources is most efficient and least energy-consuming when conducting with heat sources using gaseous or degasified fuel. The use of electric power for heat supply purpose, with few capital investments, requires from a developer significant installed capacities of heat source with a low efficiency for primary fuel. In the article one considers thermal schemes of autonomous heat supply installations for objects using modern condensing boilers of low power and along them various heat cumulating devices, supplying full year operation of equipment at heat supply facilities to get the highest efficiency of energy use.

scholarly journals Review of Energy Harvesting for Buildings Based on Solar Energy and Thermal Materials

CivilEng ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 852-873
Author(s):  
Luciana Sucupira ◽  
João Castro-Gomes
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Energy Capture ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Energy Harvesting Devices

Reducing the use of fossil fuels and the generation of renewable energy have become extremely important in today. A climatic emergency is being experienced and society is suffering due to a high incidence of pollutants. For these reasons, energy harvesting emerges as an essential source of renewable energy, and it benefits from the advancement in the scope of solar and thermal energy which are widely abundant and usually wasted. It is an option to obtain energy without damaging the environment. Recently, energy harvesting devices, which produce electricity, have been attracting more and more attention due to the availability of new sources of energy, such as solar, thermal, wind and mechanical. This article looks at recent developments in capturing energy from the sun. This literature review was performed on research platforms and analyzes studies on solar and thermal energy capture carried out in the last four years. The methods of capturing solar energy were divided according to how they were applied in civil engineering works. The types of experiments carried out were the most diverse, and several options for capturing solar energy were obtained. The advantages and disadvantages of each method were demonstrated, as well as the need for further studies. The results showed that the materials added to the components obtained have a lot of advantages and could be used in different energy capture types, such as photovoltaic, thermoelectric generators, pyroelectricity and thermometrical. This demonstrates that the capture of solar energy is quite viable, and greater importance should be given to it, as the number of research is still small when compared to other renewable energies.

Hybrid Solar Lighting May Have Another Utility: Solar Water Heating

Solar Energy ◽  
2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter E. Zemke ◽  
Byard D. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Optical Fibers ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Water Heating ◽  
Solar Water Heating ◽  
Solar Water ◽  
Solar Lighting ◽  
Solar Water Heating System

Hybrid solar lighting (HSL) has been successfully demonstrated as a means of collecting sunlight and transferring it through optical fibers into a building. The collected solar energy is primarily intended for illumination purposes. However, this technology may have an application in solar water heating. For a traditional solar water heating system, energy is required to pump the water to the roof and collected solar energy is lost to the environment through the collector and plumbing. If such a system is to be used in climates where the temperature falls below freezing, complexity is added resulting in lower system efficiencies. If, rather than pumping water to the roof to absorb solar energy, the solar radiation is “piped” into the hot water store, a solar water heating system may be much less complex and potentially more efficient. HSL technology can be used to collect solar radiation and transport it through optical fibers into a hot water store. Since the water remains in the tank, it is not exposed to freezing temperatures and heat loss through plumbing. The efficiency of the system would not be dependent on the outside temperature or the temperature of the water as traditional systems are, but solely on the efficiency in which solar radiation is transferred into the water. This paper will outline the major advantages of using HSL technology for solar water heating over traditional systems. The approximate efficiencies of a flat-plate collector, 2-axis solar tracking collector, and a system using HSL technology are compared using F-Chart for locations in the Southwestern and Northeastern United States. It is shown that improvements in efficiency are obtained using HSL technology if the system is capable of collecting and transferring the visible and infrared spectrum of solar radiation.

scholarly journals Heliosystem of Auxiliary Heat Supply for a Mining Enterprise

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. G9-G14
Author(s):  
S. Shkrylova ◽  
V. Kostenko ◽  
I. Skrynetska
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Solar Collector ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Ecological Crisis ◽  
Stable Operation

In the conditions of the global ecological crisis in the world and Ukraine, the issue of finding alternative energy sources becomes relevant. One of the most common types of renewable energy is solar energy. In Ukraine today, the most promising direction of using solar energy is its direct transformation into low-potential thermal energy. To get electric power, solar radiation is the mere alternative to electric power generated from mined fuel, and without the pollution of air and water, or adverse consequences manifested in global warming. The disadvantage of this type of installation is the limitation of the duration of light time, as well as the effect of cloudiness. During the day, the number of solar radiation changes, to stabilize it is necessary to accumulate and accumulate it for further use, the technical implementation of stable operation of solar installation due to the use of terrestrial radiation and the accumulator of a specific part of solar energy is proposed. The purpose of the work is experimental studies to ensure the stable operation of the solar collector under cloudy conditions. The paper is aimed at the stabilization of the operation of the solar installation and to obtain additional heat after the Sun’s cloud cover. The use of a solar thermal collector is advisable in solar heating and hot water systems in conditions of alternating solar radiation. The results of physical modeling have proved the efficiency of the method of combining types of thermal radiation, due to the accumulation of energy it is possible to increase the quantitative index of solar energy in the conditions of cloudiness by 3 times Keywords: alternative energy, solar energy, solar collector, thermal energy, clouds, terrestrial radiation, ecology.

scholarly journals Pengaruh jumlah haluan pipa paralel pada kolektor surya plat datar absorber batu kerikil terhadap laju perpindahan panas

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Wirawan ◽  
R. Kurniawan ◽  
Mirmanto Mirmanto
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Solar Collector ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Mesh Size ◽  
The Other ◽  
Energy Crisis ◽  
Better Than

Recently the use of energy increases. It leads to the energy crisis. Therefore, it is important to promote alternative energy (renewable energy). One of renewable energies, which is potential in Indonesia, is solar enrgy. Solar energy can be harvested using a solar collector. This device can collect or absorb solar radiation and convert it to thermal energy. In this study, two identical collectors are used. One collector consists of 7 pipes and the other comprises 9 pipes. The overall dimension of the collector is 100 cm x 80 cm x 10 cm and the absorber of the collector is made of gravels with a mesh size of 9.5 -12.5 mm. The collectors are placed with a slope of 15o facing to North. The volumetric rates of water used in the experiments are 300 cc / min, 350 cc / min and 400 cc / min. The results show that the collector with 9 pipes is better than that with 7 pipes.

scholarly journals Energy interpretation of solar radiation affects for Artemisa province

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-49
Author(s):  
Alixandra Perez Noa ◽  
Antonio Vazquez Perez ◽  
Javier Moreno Hechavarria ◽  
Raynel Diaz Santos
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Viable Alternative ◽  
Climatic Variables ◽  
Photovoltaic Systems ◽  
Electricity Grid ◽  
Energy Impact

Solar energy is one of the renewable sources with the best prospects for the future, which can have used directly in two fundamental ways: thermal energy and photovoltaic solar energy. Photovoltaic systems are a viable alternative to diversify the energy base worldwide, being able to inject electrical energy into the grid. The work shows the study of the energy interpretation of solar radiation that affects the province of Artemisa, for its possible use in the generation of electricity, based on the introduction of photovoltaic systems connected to the electricity grid. A theoretical analysis is made about the solar potential and the influence of the climatic variables in the use of it, the territory of the Artemisa province is characterized, where the solar radiation for the generation of electricity is valued, the energy impact is evaluated. Derives from the use of solar radiation that affects the territory to generate electrical energy.

scholarly journals ENERGY EFFICIENT SOLAR HEAT SUPPLY SYSTEMS FOR BUILDINGS AND STRUCTURES

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-142
Author(s):  
Vasyl Zhelykh ◽  
◽  
Mariana Kasynets ◽  
Khrystyna Myroniuk ◽  
Uliana Marushchak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Solar Collector ◽  
Heat Supply ◽  
Heat Supply System ◽  
Solar Collectors ◽  
Actual Problem ◽  
Solar Heat ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Heat Supply Systems ◽  
Supply Systems

Today, the energy sector of Ukraine requires significant consumption of traditional energy sources (oil, gas, coal, nuclear energy). However, their use is associated with a number of difficulties, including thermal, chemical, and radioactive contamination of the environment and the exhaustion of their reserves. The paper is devoted to solving the actual problem of improving the efficiency of solar heat supply systems with solar collectors. An analysis of the potential of solar energy and existing solar heat supply systems is presented. The advantages and disadvantages of various solar collector designs and methods of their research are analyzed. The analysis of the main directions for improving the efficiency of solar collectors and solar heat supply systems, in general, is presented. An improved solar heat supply system with the proposed design of a solar collector is obtained and its temperature characteristics are established depending on the intensity of solar energy intake.

Potential of Solar Energy for Power Generation, Heating and Other Applications in Iran

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmood Yaghoubi ◽  
Saeed Zarrini
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Brief Assessment ◽  
A Value ◽  
Solar Thermal Applications

Renewable energy continues to grow its share of the energy market during the past few years. This is evident by the fact that in 2010, renewable energy supplied an estimated 16% of global final energy consumption, and that the trend still moves upward despite the overall downturn in global energy consumption in 2009. In Iran, a total of 7797.3 Megawatts renewable energy has been utilized for electricity production during the period between 3/2009 and 3/2010 (i.e. the Iranian official year). This sum yields from four renewables, namely hydro (7704.7 MW), wind (90.6 MW), biogas (1.9 MW) and solar (0.1 MW). During the four year period between 2006 and 2010, the capacities of hydro and wind plants have experienced increases of 27.5% and 90.2%, respectively. In this paper, the current status of the renewable energy in the world in general and in Iran in specific is reviewed and the growth trends are presented with particular emphasis on solar energy. A brief assessment of solar radiation in Iran is then presented and accordingly, the potential locations for each application are identified. These potential locations generally absorb a daily solar irradiation of more than 4.5 kWh/m2, a value that most probably ensures the financial feasibility for a variety of solar thermal applications. A solar radiation map for Iran, indicating appropriate application for each region (based on the average calculated daily radiation for that region), is also presented. Moreover, the relevant researches and investigations conducted in Iran are introduced (including pilot projects and those under development and/or construction).

scholarly journals Scientific Substantiation of Increase of Technical and Economic Efficiency of Use of Solar Energy

2020 ◽  
pp. 121-130
Author(s):  
L.Hr. Melnyk ◽  
O.I. Matsenko ◽  
V.S. Tereshchenko
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Axis Orientation ◽  
Fixed Angle ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Study Results

The article is devoted to finding ways to improve the efficiency of using solar panels. In the mainstream of increasing the economic efficiency of solar stations' operation, methods of reducing the cost of generating electricity based on solar energy are considered. The purpose of the article is to study ways of more efficient use of solar energy and compare the types of installation of photovoltaic converters. The study's main focus is on solar tracking systems, which give the best price/efficiency ratio for solar stations. In particular, the economic feasibility of using a biaxial tracking system for solar panels has been investigated. The advantages and disadvantages of this approach are considered. The energy potential of solar radiation under terrestrial conditions is analyzed. A table of dependences of the angle of motion of the Sun in time for one light day for the conditions of the Sumy region was built. The maximum value of the intensity of solar radiation per year per 1 m2 is calculated. The graph of the average monthly electricity production was built. In the course of the work, an experiment was set up, within the framework of which four options for photoelectric converters' placement were calculated: with automatic guidance to the Sun; inclined type; vertical type; with a fixed angle. It has been established that for the city of Sumy a two-axis orientation system is most effective. According to the results of processing the experimental data, the system with the tracker provides almost 24% more power generation than the stationary installation option (fixed angle) of the photoelectric converter module. Energy organizations and enterprises can use the study results, authorities and other stakeholders in the field of alternative energy.

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