Temporal analysis on spectral reflectance of clove vegetation based on landsat 8 imagery

This study aims to analyze temporally the spectral reflectance of clove vegetation using Landsat 8 multitemporal imagery data in Buleleng district, Bali. The analysis method uses the conversion of raw data from Landsat 8 images to the spectral reflectance value at the Top of Atmosphere (TOA). This conversion scales back the pixel values ??of the Landsat 8 image in the visible spectrum, namely bands 2, 3, 4 and infrared bands 5, 6, and 7 into percentage units. The temporal analysis technique is carried out by grouping the time series of Landsat 8 image data for 1 period, in 2015, into 4 quarterly groups based on the acquisition time, namely Quarter I (January, February, March), Quarter II (April, May, June), Quarter III (July, August, September) and Quarter IV (October, November, December). The results showed that the graph pattern of the average percentage of spectral reflectance in each quarter was the same and in the infrared spectrum was greater than the visible spectrum. The average value of the largest spectral reflectance was found in the second Quarter which was acquired by band 5 of 28.143%, while the smallest in the first Quarter which was acquired by band 2 was 2.503%.

Energy planning with renewable energy sources

The urban energy model is based on imports from external sources. The continuous increase in energy demand due to population growth and development implies increasing resource requirements. The alternative is to use renewable energies that take advantage of urban resources. The diversity of typologies of cities in terms of resources, demands, architectural conditions, infrastructure, or density, makes a specific analysis necessary. This work identifies fourteen factors concerning the planning process that would allow choosing the most appropriate technology for a given city. Through consultation of experts, the existence of the resource is defined as the most prevalent factor, followed by economic conditions; On the other hand, it is detected that environmental aspects such as global warming, eutrophication, or acidification, are the least incidents when selecting technologies.

Work accident risk analysis with FMEA (failure mode and effect analysis) method on steel frame bridge project

Risk is the possibility of the occurrence of an event outside of which every activity that is likely to be detrimental is carried out by humans. In the Nangarasong Steel Frame construction project in Flores district, there is uncertainty which will create a risk that can encourage the project and can affect the potential for work accidents. Uncertainty factors can cause risk in an activity that has an impact on decreasing labor productivity, risk of cost, time, and damage to design or technology. To reduce these adverse impacts, a risk management system is needed, which includes analysis, analysis, and monitoring of risks that may occur. Risk management makes an integrated effort to manage the risk of work accidents by using the FMEA (Failure Mode And Effect Analysis) method. All construction projects that may experience accident risks are identified and analyzed for the severity with FMEA, from the results of which the causes and impacts of the work accident risks will be sought. After knowing and the impact of the risk of work accidents, the next action on the risk of work accidents that result.

Analysis of gravity anomaly and seismicity in Bali region

This study aims to determine the value of the gravity anomaly in the Bali region, identify the fault structure in the Bali region using gravity interpretation and analyze the relationship between gravity anomaly and seismicity in the Bali region. The data used is secondary data, namely satellite gravity anomaly data obtained from the topex website and earthquake data obtained from the Indonesian Agency for Meteorological, Climatological, and Geophysics (BMKG) catalog. Data processing in this study was done using gravity and Second Vertical Derivative (SVD) methods. We used Surfer15 software, Oasis Montaj, and the Generic Mapping Tool (GMT). The results of the complete Bouguer anomaly map show the anomalous value of the study area between 10-220 mGal, regional anomaly 40-190 mGal, and the residual anomaly between (-120)-60 mGal. Judging from the SVD contour map that has included earthquake data in the Bali region for the 2008-2020 period, the type of fault in the Seririt Fault, Tejakula Fault, and Fault around Mount Agung is a thrust fault. Judging from the value of the coefficient of determination, it shows that 99% of the seismicity value is influenced by gravity anomaly. The higher the value of the gravity anomaly, the higher the seismicity value.

Computer application for studies of potentials of renewable energy sources

Computer science's technologies have come to revolutionize the current era, the distributed generation and the introduction of new alternatives in the conception of the energy production, it is a factor that seen from the energy planning it allows to introduce the renewable energy sources as an element in the development of energetically sustainable territories. The space distribution of the natural resources that they generate, it has made necessary to develop advanced systems for the studies at the space level. For the necessities of printing an analysis space and territorial of the renewable energy sources studies, a geographical information system of renewable energy sources was designed using free software that offers information of the renewable potentials in the territory. This system is a tool that allows an appropriate way to offers information of the place (longitude and latitude) and the potentials (solar, hydric, wind, and biomass) that are generated in them.

Design and manufacture of air quality measurements based on arduino ATmega 2560 using dust ZH03A laser sensor

This study aims to design an air quality measuring instrument that is more efficient, relatively cheaper and can be carried because it has a smaller shape and size compared to the existing tools in the Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics Agency (BMKG). The main processor uses the Arduino ATmega 2560 microcontroller. This microcontroller functions as a processor for PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations which are the output of the ZH03A sensor. The design results are calibrated with a standard tool, namely BAM1020 which is owned by the BMKG air quality sector to measure air quality. The calibration results obtained that the average value issued by the reference tool which is used as a standard compared to the ZH03A sensor in the design results for PM 2.5 is 6.5 µm / m3, and for the average value of PM1.0 is 2.8 µm / m3 the calculated Air Pollution Standard Index (ISPU) value is 126 µm / m3 including the medium category according to the Air Pollution Standard Index.

Identification of the groundwater existence by geoelectrical method

Research has been carried out to identify the presence of subsurface water in Selulung Village, Kintamani District, Bangli Regency using 2D geoelectric methods. The work process of this research is the first to collect data directly by using a geoelectric device with Wenner configuration. Electric currents are injected from the surface to the subsurface through the current electrodes which are put on the earth's surface. The collected data is then processed using the Res2Din software version 3.71.118. The software results in the form of 2D images are direct lateral images of subsurface structures. From the three trajectories identified, namely at the coordinates 8°12'18.7"S 115°16'08.3"E the lowest resistivity value was 178 Ohm m with a depth of 10 m which was thought to be a rock layer with surface water content. On line 2 at coordinates 8°12'16.1"S 115°16'09.7"E the resistivity value is 6 ohm.m up to 660,000 ohm.m, the maximum depth obtained is 24 m. This line is thought to be a water-bearing layer because the value of resistance is low. Line 3 which is in the coordinates 8°12'16.3"S 115°15'50.0"E the distribution of resistivity values varies from 42 - 9,400 Ohm m.

Design and construction of an industrial ship conditioning system

This project is based on the design and construction of an industrial air conditioning system for the improvement of the working thermal comfort of workers that for various reasons there is the trend of the increase in body temperature are these by machines, equipment or the same work activities, which affects the productive performance and possible health risks. During development, the selection of mechanical equipment such as the fan, water pump, ventilation transport ducts is studied with high rates of energy efficiency. In the light of the above, the environmental economic partner alternative is chosen to implement the evaporative conditioning system, conducive to working in open places to lower the temperature by labor and technology installed in the production areas, as well as the extraction of fumes derived from production processes. The importance of the evaporative conditioning system is to derive the appropriate mechanisms to take advantage of the surface heat transfer of a panel and copper and aluminum coil using water, and thus take advantage of its temperature differential reaching 25oC, with an average humidity of 66% and energy consumption of 0.29 KW/h.

Quality management of electricity service with photovoltaic generation distributed in rural area

The need to search for new energy models that are integrally sustainable for the present and the future, especially photovoltaic solar energy that would contribute to a radical change in Manabí Ecuador where populations are living in rural areas away from the electricity grid, which causes impacts negative economic and in some rural electrification projects, and low quality have oriented national policies towards the search for the best alternatives, such as renewable sources, that is, the efficient use of resources and the increase in reliability, coverage, and quality in the electrical supply that Manabí has. Emphasizing "good living" as an objective of the Ecuadorian government, meeting its needs for the development of its agricultural, artisanal, commercial and industrial activities. Thus, avoiding that due to lack or poor quality of energy that prevents them from being able to carry out an activity typical of the countryside or rural areas, these people migrate to the cantonal headwaters, further thickening the cords of misery. The work presents an analysis on the quality of the electric service in isolated areas of the Chone municipality, proposing solutions that can improve the quality of the service, through sustainable energy planning using indigenous resources from the territory.

Obtaining biogas product from biological residues vaccines in Chone city

In this research, we studied the use of cattle biological waste to obtain biogas through a biodigester in the city of Chone, considered the livestock capital of Ecuador. Biogas is a mixed gas produced by the fermentation (anaerobic digestion) of organic materials in the absence of oxygen. It is mostly composed of methane and carbon dioxide. The biogas production process takes place in a container called a digester, in which the anaerobic fermentation process occurs. Obtaining biogas is one of the most used alternative sources for the production of renewable energy, so it can be evidenced by its importance as a tool against the fight of the environmental problem that exists today. The use of biogas of bovine origin has a high calorific value so it can be used for the production of heat, electricity or biofuel. This initiative seeks to manage and sustainably reduce organic waste, reduce the amount of greenhouse gas emitted into the atmosphere and reduce dependence on fossil fuels.