Role of Microfinance Institutions in Development of India

2018 ◽  
pp. 138-155
Author(s):  
Amir Manzoor
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Microfinance Institutions ◽  
Related Services ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact

The role and contribution of microfinance institutions (MFIs) is very important in development. Microfinance is a very important source of financial services for people and microenterprises that do not have easy access to banking and related services. The objective of this chapter is to assess empirically the impact of MFIs on development of India. This study aims to fill a gap in econometric assessments of microfinance institutions. Using data of MFIs operating in India and using savings of client as proxy for development, this chapter found empirical evidence for significant positive impact of microfinance institutions on development. While development in rural regions generally lags behind urban areas, this chapter found no statistical evidence for differences in the marginal impact of microfinance institutions subject to geographical positions. It can therefore be concluded that impact of MFIs on development in rural areas is positive and independent of environment.

scholarly journals Remittances, Trade Liberalisation, and Poverty in Pakistan: The Role of Excluded Variables in Poverty Change Analysis

2006 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 383-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rizwana Siddiqui ◽  
A. R. Kemal
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Trade Liberalisation ◽  
Contributory Factor ◽  
Change Analysis ◽  
Welfare And Poverty ◽  
The Impact

This paper explores the impact of two shocks, trade liberalisation policies and decline in remittances, on welfare and poverty in Pakistan. It begins by reviewing the economy, which reveals that during the Nineties although import tariffs were reduced by 55 percent, poverty however remained higher in this period than in the Eighties. At the same time, Pakistan has experienced a slow down in the inflow of remittances, which reduces the incomes of households and puts pressure on the exchange rate resulting in reduction in the inflow of imports despite a reduction in import duties. Thus, in the absence of the effects of decline in remittances, the analysis of the impact of trade liberalisation policies may render biased results. This study overcomes this constriction and analyses the impact of trade liberalisation policies in the absence and presence of decline in remittances in a CGE framework with all the features necessary for trade policy analysis with poverty and remittances linkages. The simulation results show that a decline in remittances reduces the gains from trade liberalisation. The negative impact of remittance decline dominates the positive impact of trade liberalisation in urban areas. But, the positive impact of trade liberalisation dominates the negative impact of a decline in remittances in the case of rural areas. Poverty rises in Pakistan as a whole. It shows that the decline in remittance inflows is a major contributory factor in explaining the increase in poverty in Pakistan during the Nineties.

scholarly journals Entrepreneurial intention of engineering students: the role of motivations and barriers

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. first
Author(s):  
Bich Huy Hai Bui ◽  
Minh Tien Pham
Keyword(s):  
Engineering Students ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intention ◽  
Statistical Regression ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
University Of Technology ◽  
Entrepreneurial Motivations ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of this study is to explore perceptions of entrepreneurial motivations and barriers and to assess their influence on the entrepreneurial intention of engineering students. Using data of 350 respondents who are students at HCMC University of Technology, VNU-HCM, the study identifies the key motives and barriers towards entrepreneurship. The data are then subjected to statistical regression in order to identify causal relationships between the motivations, barriers, and entrepreneurial intention. The results indicate that creativity, independence, and economic motivation have a positive impact on entrepreneurial intention and that the most important motivator for the entrepreneurial intention of engineering students is creativity. On the contrary, lack of knowledge is the only barrier (an internal barrier) that impedes the students' intention of entrepreneurship. These results imply that the students' entrepreneurial intention is more affected by internal factors (for both motivations and barriers) than external factors. In terms of the relative power of the effects of motives and barriers on students' entrepreneurial intention, the results suggest that the impact of motivations is generally more powerful than that of barriers. The findings have important implications for educators and policymakers.

scholarly journals Measuring the contribution of mobility to malaria persistence

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Ferreira da Costa Gomes ◽  
Cláudia Torres Codeço ◽  
Leonardo Soares Bastos ◽  
Raquel Martins Lana
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Logistic Model ◽  
Opposite Effect ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Human Mobility ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Perspective Change ◽  
Using Data

Abstract Background: To achieve the goal of malaria elimination, it is important to determine the role of human mobility of maintain parasite transmission. The Alto Jurua basin (Brazil) has one of the largest prevalence of malaria vivax and malaria falciparum in the Amazon. The goal of this work was to estimate the contribution of human commutation on the persistence of malaria in this region using data from a origin-destination survey.Methods: Data from the origin-destination survey was used to describe the intensity and motivation for commutation between rural settlements and urban areas in two municipalities, Mancio Lima and Rodrigues Alves. The relativetime-person spent in each locality per household was estimated. A logistic model was fitted to estimate the effect of commuting on the probability of getting malaria for a householder from a zone of residence commuting to another zone.Results: Our main results suggest that this population is not very mobile. 96% of household reported spending more than 90% of the annual person-hour at localities within the same zone of residence. Study and work are the most prevalent motivations for commuting, 40.5% and 29.5% respectively. Spending person-hours in urban Rodrigues Alves conferred relative protection to the residents of urban Mancio Lima. On the other hand, spending time in urban Rodrigues Alves conferred protection against malaria for those living in urban Mancio Lima. The opposite effect occurs for those spending time in the rural areas of both municipalities.Conclusion: In the alto Jurua region, the place one lives is a stronger determinant of malaria risk than the place ones commute. These municipalities of a hotspot of Plasmodium transmission, thus understanding the main fluxes is essential to planning control strategies because the probability of getting malaria is dependent on the intensity of transmission of both, the area of origin and the area to which the displacement take place. The natural conditions for the circulation of pathogens such as the Plasmodium spp, combined with the pattern of mobility of humans in the Amazon, make clear the need of disease control perspective change. It is essential that intersectoral public policies be the basis for health mitigation actions.

scholarly journals “VIETNAMESE CONSUMES VIETNAMESE PRODUCTS”: THE ROLE OF ETHNOCENTRISM, PERCEIVED QUALITY AND PERCEIVED PRICE ON WILLINGNESS TO BUY

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 56-67
Author(s):  
Hau Nguyen Le ◽  
Quynh Truc Tran ◽  
Anh Duc Le
Keyword(s):  
Structural Model ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Perceived Quality ◽  
Willingness To Buy ◽  
Perceived Price ◽  
Managerial Implications ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Domestic Products

This study investigates the impact of ethnocentrism, perceived quality and perceived price on the extent of consumer willingness to buy domestic garment products. A structural model has been estimated using data collected from 422 consumers in HCM city. The results indicate that perceived price and ethnocentrism have direct positive impacts and perceived quality have indirect positive impact on the willingness to buy domestic products. Perceived quality and ethnocentrism also have an impact on the perceived price. Based on these findings, theoretical as well as managerial implications have been discussed.

DAMPAK PERKEMBANGAN PARIWISATA MINAT KHUSUS SNORKELING TERHADAP LINGKUNGAN: KASUS DESTINASI WISATA KARIMUNJAWA

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (03) ◽  
pp. 13-28
Author(s):  
Sabda Elisa Priyanto
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Tourist Attraction ◽  
Environment Impact ◽  
The Impact

The study will analyze the impact of tourism by the type of special interest tourism to the environment. Impact on the coast and islands, the impact on vegetation, the impact wildlife, and the impact on urban areas and rural areas. Positive impact on the coast and the island is the effort for preservation and conservation of coral reefs, reef fish, giant clams and turtles, and encouraged to make environmentallyfriendly tourism activities. The negative impact is a damage to coral reefs from snorkeling activities, and the loss of traditional land allotment to the beach. The positive impact on vegetation is their attempt to biodiversity and conservation of vegetation typical of Publications, and reforestation activities is to replant mangrove. Negative impacts on vegetation is illegal logging and the clearing of trees to increase tourist attraction as supporters of the main activities. commercialization of the plant for souvenirs. Positive impact on wildlife is their conservation, preservation, and biodiversity, the breeding of animals and relocating the animals to their natural habitat. The negative impact is going hunting animals as souvenirs and tourist consumption, harassment of wildlife photography, animal exploitation for pertujukan, changes in animal instincts, and the migration of animals. Positive impact on urban areas and rural areas is happening arrangement karimunjawa towns and villages, and their empowerment. The negative impact of pressure on the land for the opening of a new tourist attraction, there are exchange in the function of residential land into commercial land, and the occurrence of traffic congestion, noise pollution, air pollution, and pollution aesthetics.  Keywords: Environmental Impact, Tourism, Snorkeling

scholarly journals An Assessment of the Access to Credit-Welfare Nexus: Evidence from Mauritania

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Amendola ◽  
Marinella Boccia ◽  
Gianluca Mele ◽  
Luca Sensini
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Credit Access ◽  
Access To Credit ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Support Strategies ◽  
Level Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This paper evaluates the impact of access to credit from banks and other financial institutions on household welfare in Mauritania. Household level data are used to evaluate the relationship between credit access, a range of household characteristics, and welfare indicators. To address the threats of potential endogeneity, an index of household isolation is used to instrument access to credit. Evidence on the validity of the exclusion restriction is provided showing that household isolation is unrelated with households and area characteristics six years prior to the measurements on which this analysis is based. Results show that households with older and more educated heads are more likely to access financial services, as are households living in urban areas. In addition, greater financial access is associated with a reduced dependence on household production and increased investment in human capital. The policy conclusions from our analysis support strategies for expanding financial infrastructures in underserved rural areas of Mauritania.

Effect of location on access to finance: international evidence on the moderating role of employee training

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mukhammadfoik Bakhadirov ◽  
Zakir Pashayev ◽  
Omar Farooq
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Employee Training ◽  
Access To Finance ◽  
Skill Levels ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Rural Firms

PurposeThe paper answers the following questions: (1) Do firms located in rural areas experience greater problems in accessing financial services? (2) If this is the case, what can these firms do to improve their access to finance?Design/methodology/approachThis paper uses the pooled logistic regression and the data collected by the World Bank's Enterprise Surveys during the period between 2008 and 2018 to answer the aforementioned questions.FindingsThe results of this paper show that firms headquartered in rural (urban) areas experience greater (lower) problems in accessing finance than other firms. This paper attributes these findings to higher (lower) levels of information asymmetry and lower (higher) levels of density of banking operations in rural (urban) areas. The results of this paper also show that firms headquartered in rural areas can improve their access to finance by increasing the skill levels of their employees.Originality/valueThis paper highlights the actions that rural firms can undertake to overcome the adverse impact of their geographic location.

scholarly journals The Role of Betting on Digital Credit Repayment, Coping Mechanisms and Welfare Outcomes: Evidence from Kenya

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Richard Chamboko ◽  
Sevias Guvuriro
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Financial Innovations ◽  
Logistic Regressions ◽  
Financially Distressed ◽  
Using Data

Digital financial services and more importantly, mobile money, have become an important financial innovation to advance financial inclusion in developing and emerging economies. While digital financial services have improved the lives of many Kenyans, to the growing betting segment of the Kenyan population, these innovations have also brought great convenience to betting. The innovations have allowed easy access to digital credit which can be used for betting. Despite betting or gambling being a widely studied area, particularly in developed countries, little is known about its interaction with financial innovations such as digital financial services in developing and emerging economies. Using data from a 2017 digital credit survey in Kenya, this study investigates if bettors are more likely than non-bettors to be financially distressed or engage in welfare-undermining coping strategies and potentially experience inferior welfare outcomes. The study uses a representative sample of 1040 digital borrowers, of which 304 were digital bettors. Using multivariate logistic regressions, the study found that, after controlling for socio-economic and demographic factors, bettors are significantly more likely than non-bettors to be financially distressed, engage in welfare undermining coping strategies, and have inferior welfare outcomes.

scholarly journals The Impact of Schools and Families in the Religions Perceptions of Children in Albania and Kosovo

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 110
Author(s):  
Loloçi Rita ◽  
Menada Petro
Keyword(s):  
Religious Education ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact

This study aimed to identify children`s perceptions regarding the role of religion in their education, their religious belonging, the parent's role in their religious education, and the attitude they have towards other religions. To gather quantitative data regarding the opinion the 10-14 age children have on religion and religious education, a survey was performed in several schools in Albania and Kosovo urban and rural areas (720 students from 8 schools of Durres, 4 in rural areas, and 473 students from 8 schools of Pristina and the surrounding area). A questionnaire was used to fulfill the purpose of the research regarding the knowledge, attitudes, and the perceptions of 10-14 age group on religious education in schools. At the same time, studies of national and international authors were consulted for a better analysis of the problems raised in the questionnaires such as the role and the importance of intercultural education in the coexistence and the harmony between people of different cultures, the education on The Fundamental Rights, the role of the curricula in schools, the difference between families in the rural and urban areas and the effect of the parents’ education on children. The results of the study showed that children of this age group receive the first knowledge about religion from the family. An irreplaceable role in religious education has the media. The school involvement in giving knowledge on religious beliefs in both studied regions will positively influence pupil’s formation, eliminating this way the violation of other people religion that often is present in our schools and not only. A correlation between the tolerance of parents and the tolerance of their children resulted as the consequence of the care that families show to respect different religions and often even sects.

scholarly journals Impact of Microcredit on Women Empowerment Indicators: An empirical reserach in the state of Uttarakhand

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 3702-3709
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Group Model ◽  
Women Empowerment ◽  
Microfinance Institutions ◽  
Joint Liability ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
The Impact

Women Empowerment has been on national agenda of every government. In developing nation women comprises fifty percent of the population so empowering them is crucial for development and nation building. Various Microfinance Institutions (MFIs) extends microcredit/loan via group model (Self Help Groups and Joint Liability Groups) to the marginalised segment particularly women groups and minorities primarily residing in rural areas with an aim to empower them and foster their socio-economic development. Previous studies have shown that microcredit has positive impact, but providing credit alone does not guarantee empowerment of the member beneficiaries. From past studies it can be concluded that empowerment demand an integrated approach from all the participating bodies/institutions involved, only then can be the objective of socio-economic development be accomplished. Since today very limited literature is available on microcredit and its impact. The current research examines the impact of microcredit on women empowerment indicators (decision making, awareness and psychological factors) of member beneficiaries in Haridwar district of Uttarakand. Women are organized into groups (Joint Liability Groups) and provided microcredit /loan. Non Probability sampling (Convenience Sampling) technique is adopted in sample selection where access to microcredit serves as independent variable and women empowerment indicators serves as dependent variables. The study consists of sample size of 362 member beneficiaries. Hypothesis testing is applied to find the significant association between the dependent and independent variables. Inferential statistics i.e Chi sq test is used to find the association/relationship between access to microcredit and empowerment indicators. Results indicate that there is no association between access to microcredit and women empowerment indicators. The results indicate that microcredit vial JLGs makes no impact on the empowerment indicators, making no improvement in the lives of its beneficiaries. There is need of regular and continuous impact assessment by credit institutions, participation from states and local bodies, must be analysis of socio-cultural factors and formation of women self administered system are some of the recommendations of the study. The results can be used by various stakeholders in designing better approach and as it provides them information on the areas which needs improvement so that microcredit can bring positive difference in the lives of beneficiaries. Also, it opens doors for further research in order to explore the socio-cultural factors which influence women empowerment

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document