Predicitive Approach for Database Schema Evolution

2011 ◽  
pp. 286-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassina Bounif
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
Business Strategies ◽  
Database Schema ◽  
User Requirements ◽  
Schema Evolution ◽  
Schema Development ◽  
Predictive Approach ◽  
Alternate Solution

Information systems, including their core databases need to meet changing user requirements and adhere to evolving business strategies. Traditional database evolution techniques focus on reacting to change to smoothly perform schema evolution operations and to propagate corresponding updates to the data as effectively as possible. Adopting such a posteriori solution to such changes generates high costs in human resources and financial support. We advocate an alternate solution: a predictive approach to database evolution. In this approach, we anticipate future changes during the standard requirements analysis phase of schema development. Our approach enables potential future requirements to be planned for, as well as the standard, determining what data is to be stored and what access is required. This preparation contributes significantly in the ability of the database schema to adapt to future changes and to estimate their relative costs.

Schema Evolution in Conventional and Emerging Databases

2019 ◽  
pp. 660-671
Author(s):  
Zouhaier Brahmia ◽  
Fabio Grandi ◽  
Barbara Oliboni ◽  
Rafik Bouaziz
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Database Schema ◽  
User Requirements ◽  
Schema Evolution ◽  
Database Applications ◽  
Significant Challenge ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Database Administration ◽  
Existing Data

In information systems, changing the database schema is a common but often troublesome task in database administration that is needed for many reasons such as changes in user requirements, compliance to new regulations, addition of new functionalities, or correction of deficiencies in the current schema. For most database applications, changing the schema of the database without loss of existing data is a significant challenge: it is usually a time-consuming and error-prone task which must be done carefully. In the literature, schema evolution has been defined as the modality for the management of schema changes which relieves database programmers and administrators from this burden, by automatically recovering extant data and possibly adapting them to the new schema. The main goal of this chapter is to present the recent research proposals that deal with schema evolution in traditional and emerging databases and to discuss the recent advances on schema evolution support in mainstream DBMSs.

Schema Evolution in Conventional and Emerging Databases

2018 ◽  
pp. 2043-2053
Author(s):  
Zouhaier Brahmia ◽  
Fabio Grandi ◽  
Barbara Oliboni ◽  
Rafik Bouaziz
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Database Schema ◽  
User Requirements ◽  
Schema Evolution ◽  
Database Applications ◽  
Significant Challenge ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Database Administration ◽  
Existing Data

In information systems, changing the database schema is a common but often troublesome task in database administration that is needed for many reasons such as changes in user requirements, compliance to new regulations, addition of new functionalities, or correction of deficiencies in the current schema. For most database applications, changing the schema of the database without loss of existing data is a significant challenge: it is usually a time-consuming and error-prone task which must be done carefully. In the literature, schema evolution has been defined as the modality for the management of schema changes which relieves database programmers and administrators from this burden, by automatically recovering extant data and possibly adapting them to the new schema. The main goal of this chapter is to present the recent research proposals that deal with schema evolution in traditional and emerging databases and to discuss the recent advances on schema evolution support in mainstream DBMSs.

scholarly journals Adapting to Crisis: Accounting Information Systems during the Weimar Hyperinflation

2020 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 593-625
Author(s):  
Sebastian Hoffmann ◽  
Stephen P. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Accounting Information ◽  
Accounting Systems ◽  
Accounting Information Systems ◽  
The Face ◽  
Managerial Reporting

German corporations are characterized as having been adaptable in the face of numerous traumatizing events during the twentieth century. This article explores how firms adapted their accounting information systems during the hyperinflation of the 1920s. It suggests that responses to the crisis focused on system elements identified as key to continuing operations. Initially, firms amended selling and purchasing arrangements, modified financial reporting, and shifted managerial reporting to nonmonetary information. As inflation accelerated, human resources were diverted to maintaining critical functions, especially those related to remunerating labor. While some elements of accounting systems fell into disrepair, there were also examples of innovation.

Schema Evolution in Multiversion Data Warehouses

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-28
Author(s):  
Waqas Ahmed ◽  
Esteban Zimányi ◽  
Alejandro A. Vaisman ◽  
Robert Wrembel
Keyword(s):  
Efficient Solution ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
Online Analytical Processing ◽  
User Requirements ◽  
Schema Evolution ◽  
Data Warehouses ◽  
Relational Schema ◽  
External Sources ◽  
Analytical Processing

Data warehouses (DWs) evolve in both their content and schema due to changes of user requirements, business processes, or external sources to name a few. Although multiple approaches using temporal and/or multiversion DWs have been proposed to handle these changes, an efficient solution for this problem is still lacking. The authors' approach is to separate concerns and use temporal DWs to deal with content changes, and multiversion DWs to deal with schema changes. To address the former, previously, they have proposed a temporal multidimensional (MD) model. In this paper, they propose a multiversion MD model for schema evolution to tackle the latter problem. The two models complement each other and allow managing both content and schema evolution. In this paper, the semantics of schema modification operators (SMOs) to derive various schema versions are given. It is also shown how online analytical processing (OLAP) operations like roll-up work on the model. Finally, the mapping from the multiversion MD model to a relational schema is given along with OLAP operations in standard SQL.

The use of human resource information systems in two retail organisations in the Western Cape, South Africa

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Udekwe ◽  
Andre C. De la Harpe
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Human Resource ◽  
The Body ◽  
Retail Industry ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Western Cape ◽  
Report Generation ◽  
Resource Information

Orientation: The retail industry is the largest contributor to employment and the gross domestic product (GDP) in the Western Cape, South Africa. The management of human resources in this very competitive industry is a high priority for all retailers. The successful implementation, maintenance and use of human resource information systems (HRISs) are an integral part of many retailers.Research purpose: Human resource information systems are difficult to implement and maintain, and as a result, organisations cannot effectively utilise these systems to their benefit. The purpose of this paper is to explore the factors affecting the implementation, maintenance and use of HRISs in two retail organisations in the Western Cape.Motivation of study: Many retailers find it difficult to apply and utilise HRISs to their benefit and to the systems’ full potential. This study explores the challenges retailers are facing when implementing, maintaining and using HRISs.Research design, approach and method: Multiple case studies were used to conduct the research. Data were collected through a semi-structured questionnaire using interviews. Twenty-one interviews were conducted in the two retail companies to gain an understanding of the use of HRISs within these organisations. The data were analysed using a thematic method of analysis. The units of analysis were the Human Resources and the Information Technology departments of both companies. The units of observation were (21) purposively selected employees in the two mentioned departments of both retail organisations.Main findings: This research shows an under-utilisation of the HRIS in both companies as a result of poor data quality, lack of adequate training and the high cost of implementing and maintaining the system. There is a gap in terms of data analytics and report generation. This gap leads to the under-utilisation of the HRISs preventing the retailers to optimise the benefits of the HRIS.Practical and managerial implications: For organisations to reap benefits from HRISs, a change management strategy and a rigorous training programme are needed that will focus on the implemented maintenance and improved usage of these systems.Contribution: The contribution of the study includes proposed guidelines for the effective and efficient use of HRISs. The study further contributes to the body of knowledge in shedding light on the implementation, maintenance and use of HRISs in the retail industry in the Western Cape, South Africa.

scholarly journals Hukuman Kebiri terhadap Kejahatan Seksual Anak

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 567-582
Author(s):  
R Bondan Agung Kardono ◽  
Nyoman Serikat Putra Jaya ◽  
Nur Rochaeti
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Sexual Abuse ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Future Development ◽  
Child Protection ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
Chemical Castration ◽  
Second Amendment ◽  
Technical Regulations

Maraknya kejahatan seksual terhadap anak, menimbulkan persepsi bahwa kebijakan hukuman penal yang ada saat ini, dipandang tidak mampu meminimalisir kejahatan seksual terhadap anak. Tulisan ini mempertanyakan bagaimana kebijakan kriminal sanksi tindakan kebiri terhadap pelaku kejahatan seksual terhadap anak yang diatur dalam PERPU No. 1 Tahun 2016 saat ini dan masa mendatang? Tulisan ini merupakan penelitian yuridis normatif yang mengkonsepkan hukum sebagai ius constitutum, ius constituendum dan hukum in concreto. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa kebijakan kriminal melalui hukum pidana berupa hukuman kebiri kimia, perlu diikuti dengan Peraturan Teknis Pelaksana; (a) Pelaksanaan sanksi tindakan kebiri tidak dapat dite-rapkan untuk semua pola-pola kejahatan seksual, tetapi bersifat kasuiistis; (b) Diperlu-kan dukungan sarana prasarana sumberdaya manusia untuk teknis pelaksanaanya; (c) Diperlukan dukungan anggaran biaya yang secara tegas dimuat dalam DIPA untuk menjalankan eksekusi kebiri; (d) Diperlukan kajian akademik yang mendukung revisi atau perubahan atas Undang-Undang No. 17 Tahun 2016 tentang Penetapan Peraturan Pemerintah Pengganti Undang-Undang No. 1 Tahun 2016 tentang Perubahan Kedua atas Undang-Undang No. 23 Tahun 2002 tentang Perlindungan Anak menjadi UU. Castration Punishment for Child Sexual Abuser The increasing number of child sexual abuse considered as an impact of penal punishment incapability. The aim of this research is to examine the enforcement of PERPU No.1/ 2016 specifically about crastation punismneht for child sexual abuser, currently and its future development. This is a juridical normative research by ceoncepting law as ius constitutum, ius constituendum and law in concreto. The research conclude that criminal law in the form of chemical castration punishment, needs to be followed by Implementing Technical Regulations; (a) The implementation of the castration sanction cannot be applied to all kind of  sexual abuse, but it is casuiistic in nature; (b) Infrastructure and human resources is needed for the technical implementation; (c) The inportance of financial support that’s explicitly mentioned in DIPA to enforce the castration execution; (d) Lastly, an academic study is also needed to support a revision for  Law Number 17 of 2016 concerning the stipulation of PERPU number 1 of 2016 concerning the second amendment to law number 23 of 2002 concerning child protection, transform to be a law.

scholarly journals Monitoring the Tools of Financial Support Available to Young Researchers in Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 356-409
Author(s):  
Elena Zharova ◽  
Elizaveta Agamirova
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Main Element ◽  
Research Development ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Young Researchers

Introduction. Human resources potential is one of the most important tools for achieving the objectives included in the key programme documents for the development of science and technology in the Russian Federation and the main element in the research and development resources of the state. Human resources potential is fundamentally made up of researchers employed in science and technology, including young researchers. Even though in recent years the government of Russia has been paying a lot of attention to developing mechanisms to attract and support young researchers in the sciences, we are still seeing a decline in their number, including in the number of researchers aged 39 or younger. The article presents the findings of tools for monitoring the financial support available to young researchers, recipients of scholarships and grants from the president of Russia, as well as grants provided by key research foundations. Monitoring Tools. The main monitoring tool is formal logic methods such as classification, analysis, synthesis, deduction, and induction. The monitoring was conducted using the materials published on the official websites of research foundations, the annual reports of said foundations, as well as other information in the public domain. The monitoring covered 42 foundations and 8 federal regulatory acts. The subject of the study was the financial tools for supporting young researchers, specifically the grants and scholarships of the president of the Russian Federation and major research foundations such as the Russian Research Foundation, the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, the Foundation for Assistance to Small Innovative Enterprises, and the Skolkovo Foundation, as well as state-funded programmes aimed at supporting young researchers; the findings of the monitoring are summed up in consolidated tables. Results. The support system for grant recipients spans all age categories of young researchers. Meanwhile, federal programmes offer a broader range of assistance to students, postgraduate students, and young researchers than to candidates and doctors of sciences. The most common types of assistance are grants and scholarships, while prizes are not as common. Regional and industrial foundations for assisting research, development, and innovation only function in some regions of the Russian Federation. Programmes aimed at supporting research activities are offered by regional and industry foundations through their official websites and are widely varied (the most common offerings include competitions, training programmes, organisation of conferences, exhibitions, forums, as well as special prizes and grants). Conclusion. Thus, the article provides information about the existing system of grants aimed at providing support and assistance to young researchers; the article also offers some information about the conditions, amounts, and timeframe for the provision of the scholarships and grants from the President of the Russian Federation; there is also a review of the tools for assisting young researchers in the context of such recipients’ status, as well as the forms and types of assistance (including for young researchers) provided by industry and regional foundations for research, development, and innovation.

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