Intellectual Assets and Knowledge Vitality in Urban Regions

2011 ◽  
pp. 48-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Martinez-Fernandez ◽  
Samantha Sharpe
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Area ◽  
Spatial Proximity ◽  
Dual Processes ◽  
Critical Function ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
Sector Research ◽  
Public Sector Research ◽  
Intellectual Assets ◽  
International Knowledge ◽  
The City

Recent studies have shown that universities and similar public sector research institutions differ in their relationships with user organizations both in relation to the type of new knowledge transferred and to the mechanisms of such transfer. Both the relationships and knowledge transfer are critically affected by the level of sophistication of the receiving companies. The creation of ‘urban knowledge’ has many dimensions, which means that spatial proximity to the sources of new knowledge does not automatically encourage firms to take advantage of what is on offer. Thus, the knowledge generated by universities has a critical function on the availability of local and international knowledge to the city and region where it is located, but much needs to be done for this knowledge to become relevant and absorbed in its geographical area. To show these dual processes, this chapter analyzes the region of Western Sydney at two levels: the knowledge demanded and the knowledge produced and transferred. Ultimately, the answer to the question of how universities can best contribute to the intellectual vitality of the place where they are located and which knowledge is relevant.

International knowledge transfer and Russian social policy: The case of gender mainstreaming

2020 ◽  
pp. 146801812096932
Author(s):  
Tatiana Chubarova ◽  
Natalia Grigorieva
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Knowledge Transfer ◽  
Policy Decision ◽  
Gender Mainstreaming ◽  
Specific Knowledge ◽  
Political Actors ◽  
Institutional Conditions ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
Policy Decision Making ◽  
International Knowledge

In the course of their transition to a market economy, the importance of international knowledge transfer from developed capitalist countries to the post-Soviet states has increased. However, the question of what particular knowledge has been transferred and why in some cases knowledge transfer has been successful, while in others it has failed, remains under-researched. Using gender mainstreaming as an example, the mechanisms of international knowledge transfer in Russian social policy are discussed in detail. The authors argue that specific knowledge transfer could facilitate the acquisition of new knowledge, but its sustainable application in social policy decision-making might be problematic, requiring commitment of political actors as well as supportive institutional conditions.

scholarly journals MINING CO-LOCATION PATTERNS FROM SPATIAL DATA

2016 ◽  
Vol III-2 ◽  
pp. 85-90
Author(s):  
C. Zhou ◽  
W. D. Xiao ◽  
D. Q. Tang
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Spatial Proximity ◽  
Widespread Application ◽  
Location Pattern ◽  
Gps Technology ◽  
Location Patterns ◽  
Mining Algorithms ◽  
The City ◽  
Research Domains

Due to the widespread application of geographic information systems (GIS) and GPS technology and the increasingly mature infrastructure for data collection, sharing, and integration, more and more research domains have gained access to high-quality geographic data and created new ways to incorporate spatial information and analysis in various studies. There is an urgent need for effective and efficient methods to extract unknown and unexpected information, e.g., co-location patterns, from spatial datasets of high dimensionality and complexity. A co-location pattern is defined as a subset of spatial items whose instances are often located together in spatial proximity. Current co-location mining algorithms are unable to quantify the spatial proximity of a co-location pattern. We propose a co-location pattern miner aiming to discover co-location patterns in a multidimensional spatial data by measuring the cohesion of a pattern. We present a model to measure the cohesion in an attempt to improve the efficiency of existing methods. The usefulness of our method is demonstrated by applying them on the publicly available spatial data of the city of Antwerp in Belgium. The experimental results show that our method is more efficient than existing methods.

scholarly journals Perspectives of introduction sustainable procurement in public procurement in Russia

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Irina Romodina ◽  
Maxim Silin
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Public Procurement ◽  
Main Question ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Sustainable Procurement ◽  
Global Trend ◽  
Sustainable Economy ◽  
Sector Research ◽  
Public Sector Research

The paper is about sustainable public procurement as a new global trend in the development of a sustainable economy. The main question raised is the following: how could sustainable public procurement be implemented in Russia? We aim to answer the question by presenting the findings of survey, covering public procurement practices of 51 contracting authorities and documentation analysis of 400 public tenders, and investigating Russian legislation. The conducted survey aims to identify the aspects of sustainable public procurement already used by public authorities in procuring practices in Russia. The analysis of Russian legislation allows to define in which sections of procurement documentation different aspects of sustainability could be included. This paper provides a unique survey of sustainable procurement practices across the Russian public sector. Research also shows the prerequisites of implementation of sustainable public procurement in Russia.

scholarly journals OUTROS ESPAÇOS, NOVOS SABERES: a atuação do pedagogo no Centro de Referência e Assistência Social – CRAS, em Imperatriz-MA

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 344
Author(s):  
Keyla Cardoso Tavares ◽  
Késsia Mileny De Paulo Moura
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Social Welfare ◽  
Social Assistance ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
The Other ◽  
Reference Center ◽  
Welfare Rights ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
The City ◽  
Los Grupos

Este trabalho tem como objetivo conhecer as contribuições do pedagogo nos Centros de Referência e Assistência Social (CRAS), na cidade de Imperatriz-MA. Com abordagem qualitativa, a coleta de dados foi realizada em um período correspondente a um mês; desse total de tempo, uma parte foi dedicada à observação da rotina das atividades realizadas no CRAS e a outra às entrevistas com os pedagogos que atuam nas unidades, para saber como trabalham e quais são as contribuições desses profissionais para os CRAS. Com base na observação e na análise dos dados, foi possível perceber que os pedagogos participam da equipe técnica, que é responsável pelo acompanhamento das famílias cadastradas no CRAS, de palestras, do atendimento dos grupos e do Serviço de Convivência e Fortalecimento de Vínculos, além de realizar o planejamento das atividades e dos projetos que serão executados pela unidade, com os outros profissionais que compõem a equipe do CRAS.Palavras-chave: Pedagogos; Assistência Social; Direitos; Planejamento.OTHER SPACES, NEW KNOWLEDGE: the pedagogue of operations in Reference Center and Social Assistance – CRAS at Imperatriz-MAABSTRACTThis study aimed to know the teacher's contributions in the Reference Centers and Social Assistance in the city of Imperatriz-MA. With a qualitative approach to data collection was carried out in a period of one month of the total time two weeks were devoted to observing the routine of activities at CRAS and the other two weeks to interviews with teachers working in units to find out how they work and what are the contributions of these professionals to the CRAS. Based on observation and analysis of the data, it was observed that the teachers participating in the technical team that is responsible for monitoring the families enrolled in CRAS, lectures, attendance groups and Living Services and Strengthening Linkages, and carry out the planning of activities and projects to be executed by the unit along with the other professionals who make up the CRAS team. Keywords: pedagogues, social welfare, rights, planning.Keywords: Pedagogues; Social Welfare; Rights; Planning. OTROS ESPACIOS, LOS NUEVOS CONOCIMIENTOS: el papel del pedagogo en el Centro de Referencia y Asistencia Social – CRAS, en Imperatriz-MARESUMENEste estudio tuvo como objetivo conocer la contribución del pedagogo en los Centros de Referencia y Asistencia Social en la ciudad de Imperatriz-MA. Con un enfoque cualitativo para la recolección de datos se llevó a cabo en un período de un mes del tiempo total de dos semanas se dedicaron a observar la rutina de actividades en CRAS y las otras dos semanas para las entrevistas con los maestros que trabajan en unidades para averiguar cómo funcionan y cuáles son las contribuciones de estos profesionales al CRAS. Con base en la observación y análisis de los datos, se observó que los profesores participantes en el equipo técnico que se encarga de supervisar las familias inscritas en el CRAS, conferencias, los grupos de servicio y la convivencia y conexiones para fortalecer Servicio, y llevar a cabo la planificación de las actividades y proyectos a ser ejecutados por la unidad junto con los otros profesionales que conforman el equipo de CRAS.Palabras clave: Pedagogos; El Bienestar Social; Los Derechos; La Planificación.

scholarly journals Public sector financial support for late stage discovery of new drugs in the United States: cohort study

BMJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. l5766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahul K Nayak ◽  
Jerry Avorn ◽  
Aaron S Kesselheim
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Late Stage ◽  
Drug Application ◽  
The United States ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Sector Research ◽  
Public Sector Research ◽  
Stage Development ◽  
Publicly Supported

Abstract Objective To determine the extent to which late stage development of new drugs relies on support from public funding. Design Cohort study. Setting All new drugs containing one or more new molecular entities approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) between January 2008 and December 2017 via the new drug application pathway. Main outcome measures Patents or drug development histories documenting late stage research contributions by a public sector research institution or a spin-off company, as well as each drug’s regulatory approval pathway and first-in-class designation. Results Over the 10 year study period, the FDA approved 248 drugs containing one or more new molecular entities. Of these drugs, 48 (19%) had origins in publicly supported research and development and 14 (6%) originated in companies spun off from a publicly supported research program. Drugs in these groups were more likely to receive expedited FDA approval (68% v 47%, P=0.005) or be designated first in class (45% v 26%, P=0.007), indicating therapeutic importance. Conclusions A review of the patents associated with new drugs approved over the past decade indicates that publicly supported research had a major role in the late stage development of at least one in four new drugs, either through direct funding of late stage research or through spin-off companies created from public sector research institutions. These findings could have implications for policy makers in determining fair prices and revenue flows for these products.

Segmenting and profiling attendees of a film festival

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Báez ◽  
María Devesa
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Policy ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Factorial Analysis ◽  
Discrete Groups ◽  
Film Festival ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Motivation Factors ◽  
The City

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyse film festival spectators on the basis of their motives for attending as well as other variables linked to cultural consumption, the evaluation of the event and certain sociodemographic characteristics of attendees. Design/methodology/approach – Survey data were collected at the Valdivia International Film Festival, the case study. In order to achieve the goals of the paper, a variety of statistical methods and techniques were used. First, principal component factorial analysis was applied to identify the underlying motivational dimensions. Second, the authors adopted cluster analysis based on the dimensions pinpointed in the factorial analysis in order to segment festival attendees. Finally, analysis of variance and χ2 analysis were applied to establish each group's profile. Findings – The empirical research reveals three motivation factors (discovery, entertainment and cinema) and three discrete groups of spectators, labelled as socially indifferent, film lovers and enthusiasts). They present different profiles from a consumption viewpoint. Research limitations/implications – The results provide useful insights into cultural policy and management of this kind of events, and even for those in charge of tourism policies in the city and the region. Originality/value – The paper aims to contribute to the literature addressing festival motivation for the specific case of a film festival, a field for which there are almost no studies into motivation, in a given geographical area South America which is active in creating festivals.

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