Optical Access Comes of Age in a Packet-Delivery World

2010 ◽  
pp. 25-42
Author(s):  
William Yue ◽  
Brian Hunck
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fibers ◽  
Access Network ◽  
Service Level Agreement ◽  
Service Level ◽  
Access Networks ◽  
Synchronous Digital Hierarchy ◽  
Optical Access ◽  
The North ◽  
Provider Network ◽  
Last Mile

The access network is the last loop, or last mile, in the provider network between the central office (CO) or point of presence (PoP) and the customer premises. Competitive pressure to provide high-bandwidth services (such as video) to consumers, and Ethernet transport to enterprises, is forcing service providers to rebuild their access networks. More optical fibers are being added in the last mile to meet these new bandwidth demands since legacy access networks have not been sufficient to support bandwidth-intensive applications. This chapter reviews the multiple definitions of “optical access” and the migration from direct copper loops to a variety of optical architectures, including Synchronous Optical Networking (SONET), Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH), Fiber to the x (FTTx), Ethernet and wavelength delivery. Key business drivers such as carrier competition, bandwidth needs, and the reliability and service level agreement issues of optical technology are covered. The chapter concludes by considering the near future of optical access product trends and key optical deployment options in applications such as cellular backhaul. The data presented in this chapter is mainly based on our recent deployment experience in the North American optical access market segment.

Active Optical Access Networks

2010 ◽  
pp. 44-67
Author(s):  
Gerasimos C. Pagiatakis
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Optical Networks ◽  
Optical Fibers ◽  
Access Network ◽  
Access Networks ◽  
Optical Access Networks ◽  
Synchronous Digital Hierarchy ◽  
Local Exchange ◽  
Optical Access ◽  
Trunk Network

In this chapter, active optical access networks (AONs) are examined. AONs are a special type of optical access networks in which the sharing of optical fibers among users is implemented by means of active equipment (as opposed to passive optical networks –PONs– where sharing is achieved by using multiplepassive splitters). In active optical access networks, user-side units, known as Optical Network Units (ONUs), are usually grouped in access Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) rings and fiber-interconnected to a local exchange unit, known as Optical Line Termination (OLT). In AONs (as well as in PONs) the optical fiber (originally used in the trunk network) is introduced in the access domain, namely between the customer and the local exchange. Practically, this means that the huge bandwidth provided by the optical fiber becomes directly available to the normal user. Despite the obvious financial and technoeconomical issues related to the massive deployment of optical access networks, the possibilities and challenges created are enormous. This chapter examines the various units and modules composing an active optical access network and presents the basic procedures for implementing such a network.

scholarly journals Performance Model for Video Service in 5G Networks

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Jiao Wang ◽  
Jay Weitzen ◽  
Oguz Bayat ◽  
Volkan Sevindik ◽  
Mingzhe Li
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Bandwidth Allocation ◽  
Access Network ◽  
Service Level Agreement ◽  
Service Level ◽  
Performance Model ◽  
Radio Resource ◽  
Network Slicing ◽  
Optimal Bandwidth Allocation ◽  
Management Approaches

Network slicing allows operators to sell customized slices to various tenants at different prices. To provide better-performing and cost-efficient services, network slicing is looking to intelligent resource management approaches to be aligned to users’ activities per slice. In this article, we propose a radio access network (RAN) slicing design methodology for quality of service (QoS) provisioning, for differentiated services in a 5G network. A performance model is constructed for each service using machine learning (ML)-based approaches, optimized using interference coordination approaches, and used to facilitate service level agreement (SLA) mapping to the radio resource. The optimal bandwidth allocation is dynamically adjusted based on instantaneous network load conditions. We investigate the application of machine learning in solving the radio resource slicing problem and demonstrate the advantage of machine learning through extensive simulations. A case study is presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed radio resource slicing approach.

scholarly journals METHOD OF STRUCTURING PROBLEM OF ACCESS NETWORK ELEMENTS DESIGN BASED ON OPTICAL TECHNOLOGIES

2019 ◽  
pp. 7-13
Author(s):  
Irina Nikolaevna Marysheva ◽  
Alexandr Aleksandrovich Sorokin ◽  
Irina Robertovna Grigorieva
Keyword(s):  
Data Transmission ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Support Systems ◽  
Access Network ◽  
Access Networks ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Optical Access Networks ◽  
Optical Access ◽  
Further Development

With the development of data transmission networks Internet service providers implement solutions of the OSS/BSS class (Operations Support Systems / Business Support Systems) every year. The integration of different elements of the information and communication network takes place due to the system data, but some issues require further development. Integrated accounting of the technical and socio-economic information is being considered while solving problems of data transmission network design. The aim of the work is structuring the design process of the optical access networks of the Internet provider. Optical access networks based on PON and FTTB technologies have been chosen as the object of study. When executing projects, many factors are to be considered, such as: subjectivity of the designers, level of their competence, interest in using certain technologies by specific groups of designers. To reduce the influence of such factors, it is recommended to apply methods of accumulating and processing information associated with successful or unsuccessful experience of implementing previous projects. Using the system analysis methods and IDEF0 diagrams, a similar design task is structured in the form of diagrams of a draft project and a detailed design, for which groups of variables have been identified. The output values of the diagrams are the intermediate and final assessments of the project, which allows the decision maker to determine feasibility of the subsequent stages of the project implementation. Realizing the proposed provisions shows the opportunities for further development of OSS/ BSS systems in terms of automation of the decision-making support process associated with the selection and practical implementation of access network projects.

scholarly journals An Architecture Based on FDDC between any two ONUs for Optical Access Network

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yifan Zhu ◽  
Chaoqin Gan ◽  
Wei Lin ◽  
Guiyu Gong
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Optical Networks ◽  
Optical Fibers ◽  
Wavelength Division Multiplexing ◽  
Access Network ◽  
Full Duplex ◽  
Optical Access ◽  
Optical Access Network ◽  
Wavelength Division ◽  
Distributed Optical Fiber

Abstract A novel architecture with full-duplex direct communications(FDDC) between any two ONUs for optical access network is proposed in this paper. By designing combination switch(CS) ingeniously, the architecture is finished to realize FDDC between any two ONUs in wavelength division multiplexing passive optical networks(WDM-PONs). By utilizing interconnected optical fibers between ONUs, the network has achieved three-level protections(feeder optical fiber protection, distributed optical fiber protection and interconnected optical fiber protection). By constructing expansion module(EM), the network can be flexibly expanded and optimized, and the CapEx and OpEx of network can be greatly reduced. Finally, by the simulation and analysis, the effectiveness of the proposed architecture is demonstrated.

scholarly journals An overview of passive optical networks and components

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanchan Bala
Keyword(s):  
Optical Networks ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Optical Network ◽  
Access Network ◽  
Single Mode ◽  
Telecommunication Networks ◽  
Passive Optical Network ◽  
Passive Optical Networks ◽  
Optical Access ◽  
Last Mile

Over the past few years, telecommunication networks have experienced a dramatic shift from traditional voice-dominated traffic to data-oriented, application-based traffic. The access network or the last-mile connecting households or businesses to the internet backbone, have been recognized as a major bottleneck in todays network hierarchy. The ongoing demand for new access networks that support high-speed (greater than 100 Mb/s), symmetric, and guaranteed bandwidths for future video services has been accelerated and the search for a cost-effective optical access solution has yielded a number of possible solutions. To satisfy the required bandwidth over a 20-km transmission distance, single-mode optical fiber is a natural choice. Passive Optical Networks (PONs) are promising access solutions that will open the last-mile bottleneck bringing data rates of 100 Mb/s to 1 Gb/s to the end-users. The goal of this work is to provide a cohesive overview of research done in the area of Fiber In The Loop (FITL) optical access technology. Specifically, it explores the area of Passive Optical Network (PON) : its history, variants, architecture, and standards. Various passive optical components which make a passive optical network work, are also discussed. Some laboratory emulations on RF over PON showing noise, distortion, and fading in the channels are then carried on using the Vector Signal Generator SMIQ03B (Rhode & Schwarz), and the Wireless Communication Analyzer WCA380 (SONY Tektronix).

scholarly journals An overview of passive optical networks and components

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanchan Bala
Keyword(s):  
Optical Networks ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Optical Network ◽  
Access Network ◽  
Single Mode ◽  
Telecommunication Networks ◽  
Passive Optical Network ◽  
Passive Optical Networks ◽  
Optical Access ◽  
Last Mile

Over the past few years, telecommunication networks have experienced a dramatic shift from traditional voice-dominated traffic to data-oriented, application-based traffic. The access network or the last-mile connecting households or businesses to the internet backbone, have been recognized as a major bottleneck in todays network hierarchy. The ongoing demand for new access networks that support high-speed (greater than 100 Mb/s), symmetric, and guaranteed bandwidths for future video services has been accelerated and the search for a cost-effective optical access solution has yielded a number of possible solutions. To satisfy the required bandwidth over a 20-km transmission distance, single-mode optical fiber is a natural choice. Passive Optical Networks (PONs) are promising access solutions that will open the last-mile bottleneck bringing data rates of 100 Mb/s to 1 Gb/s to the end-users. The goal of this work is to provide a cohesive overview of research done in the area of Fiber In The Loop (FITL) optical access technology. Specifically, it explores the area of Passive Optical Network (PON) : its history, variants, architecture, and standards. Various passive optical components which make a passive optical network work, are also discussed. Some laboratory emulations on RF over PON showing noise, distortion, and fading in the channels are then carried on using the Vector Signal Generator SMIQ03B (Rhode & Schwarz), and the Wireless Communication Analyzer WCA380 (SONY Tektronix).

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