Routing Protocols in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks

2010 ◽  
pp. 206-228
Author(s):  
Yuh-Shyan Chen ◽  
Yun-Wei Lin
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Intelligent Transportation System ◽  
Communication Overhead ◽  
Message Delivery ◽  
Broadcast Storm ◽  
Temporary Network ◽  
Hoc Networks

Vehicular Ad hoc Network (VANET), a subclass of mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs), is a promising approach for the intelligent transportation system (ITS). The design of routing protocols in VANETs is important and necessary issue for support the smart ITS. The key difference of VANET and MANET is the special mobility pattern and rapidly changeable topology. It is not effectively applied the existing routing protocols of MANETs into VANETs. In this chapter, we mainly survey new routing results in VANET. The authors introduce unicast protocol, multicast protocol, geocast protocol, mobicast protocol, and broadcast protocol. It is observed that carry-and-forward is the new and key consideration for designing all routing protocols in VANETs. With the consideration of multi-hop forwarding and carryand- forward techniques, min-delay and delay-bounded routing protocols for VANETs are discussed in VANETs. Besides, the temporary network fragmentation problem and the broadcast storm problem are further considered for designing routing protocols in VANETs. The temporary network fragmentation problem caused by rapidly changeable topology influence on the performance of data transmissions. The broadcast storm problem seriously affects the successful rate of message delivery in VANETs. The key challenge is to overcome these problems to provide routing protocols with the low communication delay, the low communication overhead, and the low time complexity.

scholarly journals Routing in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks: Main Characteristics and Tendencies

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joilson Alves Junior ◽  
Emilio C. G. Wille
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Parallel Line ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
Message Delivery ◽  
Routing Problem ◽  
Promising Area ◽  
Hoc Networks

The message routing in vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) is an attractive and promising area for research. These networks do not have a central coordination, the nodes are mobile, and the topology is highly dynamic, making the routing process a big challenge, since it is responsible for ensuring message delivery with small overhead and delay. In the literature, there are several routing protocols that can be used in VANETs; in this way, the main objective of this work is to classify, discuss, and compare such protocols through a review of research in this field. The protocol classification is based on the following criteria: type of architecture and mode of operation. Moreover, this work emphasizes the potential of the application of bioinspired and bus-based techniques in the routing problem solutions, which has been revealed as a main tendency nowadays. Bioinspired routing protocols are based on the behavior of entities in the nature, and they are meant to work in a distributed mode, using mobile agents to find routes with specific features. In a parallel line of research, the differentiated behavior of urban transport vehicles suggests that a system that makes use of buses to create a communication infrastructure can perform better when compared to a system that does not distinguish between vehicles.

Collision-free emergency message delivery in vehicular ad hoc networks

2016 ◽  
pp. 105-108
Author(s):  
Chia-Ho Ou ◽  
Chih-Feng Chao ◽  
Wei-Pu He ◽  
Chong-Min Gao
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Message Delivery ◽  
Hoc Networks

scholarly journals A TDMA-Based MAC Protocol for Mitigating Mobility-Caused Packet Collisions in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks

Sensors ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 643
Author(s):  
Muhammad Bilal Latif ◽  
Feng Liu ◽  
Kai Liu
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Time Slot ◽  
Mac Protocol ◽  
Autonomous Driving ◽  
Message Delivery ◽  
Average Delay ◽  
Stringent Requirement ◽  
Hoc Networks

An autonomous driving environment poses a very stringent requirement for the timely delivery of safety messages in vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs). Time division multiple access (TDMA)-based medium access control (MAC) protocols are considered a promising solution because of their time-bound message delivery. However, in the event of mobility-caused packet collisions, they may experience an unpredicted and extended delay in delivering messages, which can cause catastrophic accidents. To solve this problem, a distributed TDMA-based MAC protocol with mobility-caused collision mitigation (MCCM-MAC) is presented in this paper. The protocol uses a novel mechanism to detect merging collisions and mitigates them by avoiding subsequent access collisions. One vehicle in the merging collisions retains the time slot, and the others release the slot. The common neighboring vehicles can timely suggest a suitable new time slot for the vacating vehicles, which can avoid access collisions between their packet transmissions. A tie-breakup mechanism is employed to avoid further access collisions. Simulation results show that the proposed protocol reduces packet loss more than the existing methods. Consequently, the average delay between the successfully delivered periodic messages is also reduced.

Geocast Routing Protocols for Ad-Hoc Networks

2021 ◽  
pp. 23-45
Author(s):  
Indrani Das ◽  
Sanjoy Das
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Routing Protocols ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Destination Node ◽  
Specific Geographical Area ◽  
Fast Network ◽  
Hoc Networks ◽  
Future Direction

Geocasting is a subset of conventional multicasting problem. Geocasting means to deliver a message or data to a specific geographical area. Routing refers to the activities necessary to route a message in its travel from source to the destination node. The routing of a message is very important and relatively difficult problems in the context of Ad-hoc Networks because nodes are moving very fast, network load or traffic patterns, and topology of the network is dynamical changes with time. In this chapter, different geocast routing mechanisms used in both Mobile Ad-hoc Networks and Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks. The authors have shown a strong and in-depth analysis of the strengths and weaknesses of each protocol. For delivering geocast message, both the source and destination nodes use location information. The nodes determine their locations by using the Global Positioning System (GPS). They have presented a comprehensive comparative analysis of existing geocast routing protocols and proposed future direction in designing a new routing protocol addressing the problem.

On Peer-to-Peer Location Management in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks

2011 ◽  
pp. 96-113
Author(s):  
Zhaomin Mo ◽  
Hao Zhu ◽  
Kia Makki ◽  
Niki Pissinou ◽  
Masoumeh Karimi
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Location Management ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Location Information ◽  
Communication Overhead ◽  
Management Service ◽  
Vehicle Communication ◽  
Hoc Networks

Vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs) have been gained importance for the inter-vehicle communication that supports local communication between vehicles without any expensive infrastructure and considerable configuration efforts. How to provide light-weight and scalable location management service which facilitates geographic routing in VANETs remains a fundamental issue. In this paper we will present a novel peer-to-peer location management protocol, called PLM, to provide location management service in VANETs. PLM makes use of high mobility in VANETs to disseminate vehicles’ historical location information over the network. A vehicle is able to predict current location of other vehicles with Kalman filtering technique. Our theoretical analysis shows that PLM is able to achieve high location information availability with a low protocol overhead and latency. The simulation results indicate that PLM can provide fairly accurate location information with quite low communication overhead in VANETs.. [Article copies are available for purchase from InfoSci-on-Demand.com]

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