Air Pollution and Climate Change

2019 ◽

pp. 1-45 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ashok Kumar ◽

Hamid Omidvarborna ◽

Kaushik K. Shandilya

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Air Pollution ◽

Particulate Matters ◽

Major Contributor ◽

Air Contaminants ◽

Pollution Levels ◽

State Of The Science ◽

Fine Particulate Matters ◽

Emerging Topics

Climate records kept worldwide clearly show that ongoing changes are happening in our eco-systems. Such climate changes include temperature, precipitation, or sea level, all of which are expected to keep changing well into the future, thereby affecting human health, the environment, and the economy. The natural causes by themselves are not able to describe these changes, so to understand these, scientists are using a combination of state-of-the-science measurements and models. Human activities are a major contributor due to the release of different air contaminants through various activities. Air pollution is one case-in-point, a human-made factor that contributes to climate change by affecting the amount of incoming sunlight that is either reflected or absorbed by the atmosphere. An overview of modeling techniques used to relate air quality and climate change is presented. The discussion includes the role of air pollution levels affecting the climate. Emerging topics such as black carbon (BC), fine particulate matters (PMs), role of cook stove, and risk assessment are also covered.

Download Full-text

Climate Change Impact Assessment of Air Pollution Levels in Bulgaria

Large-Scale Scientific Computing - Lecture Notes in Computer Science ◽

10.1007/978-3-642-12535-5_64 ◽

2010 ◽

pp. 538-545 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

D. Syrakov ◽

M. Prodanova ◽

N. Miloshev ◽

K. Ganev ◽

G. Jordanov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Air Pollution ◽

Impact Assessment ◽

Climate Change Impact ◽

Climate Change Impact Assessment ◽

Pollution Levels ◽

Change Impact

Download Full-text

Impacts of climate change on air pollution levels in the Northern Hemisphere

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1307/6/28/282015 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 6 (28) ◽

pp. 282015

Author(s):

Gitte Brandt Hedesaard ◽

J Brandt ◽

J H Christensen ◽

L M Frohn ◽

C Geels ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Air Pollution ◽

Northern Hemisphere ◽

Pollution Levels ◽

Impacts Of Climate Change

Download Full-text

Improving the removal efficiency of fine particulate matters in air pollution control devices: Design and performance of an electrostatic aerosol particle agglomerator

Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers ◽

10.1016/j.jtice.2019.12.003 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 107 ◽

pp. 110-118 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Wen-Yinn Lin ◽

Ta-Chih Hsiao ◽

Bi-Ling Hong

Keyword(s):

Air Pollution ◽

Aerosol Particle ◽

Pollution Control ◽

Particulate Matters ◽

Air Pollution Control ◽

Fine Particulate ◽

Control Devices ◽

Air Pollution Control Devices ◽

And Performance ◽

Fine Particulate Matters

Download Full-text

The Role of Traffic-Related Air Pollution in Neurodegenerative Diseases in Older People: An Epidemiological Perspective

Advances in Alzheimer’s Disease - Alzheimer’s Disease and Air Pollution ◽

10.3233/aiad210027 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Rachel Tham ◽

Tamara Schikowski

Keyword(s):

At Risk ◽

Air Pollution ◽

Environmental Factors ◽

Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽

Environmental Epidemiology ◽

Risk Groups ◽

Air Pollutant ◽

Pollution Levels ◽

Health Burdens

Traffic-related air pollution is ubiquitous and almost impossible to avoid. It is important to understand the role that traffic-related air pollution may play in neurodegenerative diseases, such as dementia, Alzheimer’s disease, and Parkinson’s disease, particularly among older populations and at-risk groups. There is a growing interest in this area among the environmental epidemiology literature and the body of evidence identifying this role is emerging and strengthening. This review focuses on the principal components of traffic-related air pollutants (particulate matter and nitrogen oxides) and the epidemiological evidence of their contribution to common neurodegenerative diseases. All studies reported are currently observational in nature and there are mixed findings depending on the study design, assessment of traffic-related air pollutant levels, assessment of the neurodegenerative disease outcome, time period of assessment, and the role of confounding environmental factors and at-risk genetic characteristics. All current studies have been conducted in income-rich countries where traffic-related air pollution levels are relatively low. Additional longer-term studies are needed to confirm the levels of risk, consider other contributing environmental factors and to be conducted in settings where air pollution exposures are higher and at-risk populations reside and work. Better understanding of these relationships will help inform the development of preventive measures and reduce chronic cognitive and physical health burdens (cost, quality of life) at personal and societal levels.

Download Full-text

Air Quality in Africa: Public Health Implications

Annual Review of Public Health ◽

10.1146/annurev-publhealth-100119-113802 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 42 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Asmamaw Abera ◽

Johan Friberg ◽

Christina Isaxon ◽

Michael Jerrett ◽

Ebba Malmqvist ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Climate Change ◽

Air Pollution ◽

Air Quality ◽

Household Waste ◽

Annual Review ◽

Publication Date ◽

Rapid Urbanization ◽

Pollution Levels ◽

Development Processes

This review highlights the importance of air quality in the African urban development process. We address connections between air pollution and ( a) rapid urbanization, ( b) social problems, ( c) health impacts, ( d) climate change, ( e) policies, and ( f ) new innovations. We acknowledge that air pollution levels in Africa can be extremely high and a serious health threat. The toxic content of the pollution could relate to region-specific sources such as low standards for vehicles and fuels, cooking with solid fuels, and burning household waste. We implore the pursuit of interdisciplinary research to create new approaches with relevant stakeholders. Moreover, successful air pollution research must regard conflicts, tensions, and synergies inherent to development processes in African municipalities, regions, and countries. This includes global relationships regarding climate change, trade, urban planning, and transportation. Incorporating aspects of local political situations (e.g., democracy) can also enhance greater political accountability and awareness about air pollution. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Public Health, Volume 42 is April 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

Download Full-text

Out-of-hospital cardiac arrests in a large metropolitan area: synergistic effect of exposure to air particulates and high temperature

European Journal of Preventive Cardiology ◽

10.1177/2047487319862063 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 27 (5) ◽

pp. 513-519 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Eleonora Tobaldini ◽

Simona Iodice ◽

Rodolfo Bonora ◽

Matteo Bonzini ◽

Annamaria Brambilla ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Air Pollution ◽

High Temperature ◽

Metropolitan Area ◽

Cardiac Event ◽

Cumulative Exposure ◽

Maximum Effect ◽

Short Term ◽

Short Term Exposure

Aims Air pollution and climate change are intrinsically linked to emerging hazards for global health. High air particulate matter (PM) levels may trigger out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). High temperature could act synergistically with PM in determining OHCA. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of PM exposure alone, and in combination with temperature, on the risk of OHCA, in a large European metropolitan area with population >4 million. Methods We evaluated the association between short-term PM exposure, temperature, and the risk of OHCA over a two-year study period, allowing us to investigate 5761 events using a time-stratified case-crossover design combined with a distributed lag non-linear model. Results Higher risk of OHCA was associated with short-term exposure to PM10. The strongest association was experienced three days before the cardiac event where the estimated change in risk was 1.70% (0.48–2.93%) per 10 µg/m3 of PM. The cumulative exposure risk over the lags 0–6 was 8.5% (0.0–17.9%). We observed a joint effect of PM and temperature in triggering cardiac arrests, with a maximum effect of 14.9% (10.0–20.0%) increase, for high levels of PM before the cardiac event, in the presence of high temperature. Conclusion The present study helps to clarify the controversial role of PM as OHCA determinant. It also highlights the role of increased temperature as a key factor in triggering cardiac events. This evidence suggests that tackling both air pollution and climate change might have a relevant impact in terms of public health.

Download Full-text

The relative importance of impacts from climate change vs. emissions change on air pollution levels in the 21st century

Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ◽

10.5194/acp-13-3569-2013 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 13 (7) ◽

pp. 3569-3585 ◽

Cited By ~ 49

Author(s):

G. B. Hedegaard ◽

J. H. Christensen ◽

J. Brandt

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Air Pollution ◽

Particulate Matter ◽

The Arctic ◽

Anthropogenic Emissions ◽

Relative Importance ◽

Pollution Levels ◽

Emission Changes ◽

Future Air Pollution ◽

Impacts Of Climate Change

Abstract. So far several studies have analysed the impacts of climate change on future air pollution levels. Significant changes due to impacts of climate change have been made clear. Nevertheless, these changes are not yet included in national, regional or global air pollution reduction strategies. The changes in future air pollution levels are caused by both impacts from climate change and anthropogenic emission changes, the importance of which needs to be quantified and compared. In this study we use the Danish Eulerian Hemispheric Model (DEHM) driven by meteorological input data from the coupled Atmosphere-Ocean General Circulation Model ECHAM5/MPI-OM and forced with the newly developed RCP4.5 emissions. The relative importance of the climate signal and the signal from changes in anthropogenic emissions on the future ozone, black carbon (BC), total particulate matter with a diameter below 2.5 μm (total PM2.5 including BC, primary organic carbon (OC), mineral dust and secondary inorganic aerosols (SIA)) and total nitrogen (including NHx + NOy) has been determined. For ozone, the impacts of anthropogenic emissions dominate, though a climate penalty is found in the Arctic region and northwestern Europe, where the signal from climate change dampens the effect from the projected emission reductions of anthropogenic ozone precursors. The investigated particles are even more dominated by the impacts from emission changes. For black carbon the emission signal dominates slightly at high latitudes, with an increase up to an order of magnitude larger, close to the emission sources in temperate and subtropical areas. Including all particulate matter with a diameter below 2.5 μm (total PM2.5) enhances the dominance from emissions change. In contrast, total nitrogen (NHx + NOy) in parts of the Arctic and at low latitudes is dominated by impacts of climate change.

Download Full-text