Methods and Capacities for Institutional Policy Making in Environmental Governance

2020 ◽  
pp. 18-33
Author(s):  
Mononita Kundu Das
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Interest Groups ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Environmental Regulation ◽  
Environmental Degradation ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Environmental Governance ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Institutional Policy ◽  
Global Environmental

Environmental governance is the range of rules, practices and institutions related to the management of the environment in its different forms ranging from conservation, protection and exploitation of natural resources. It also indicates all the processes and institutions, both formal and informal, that encompasses the standards, values, behaviour, and organizing mechanisms used by citizens, organizations and social movements as well as the different interest groups as a basis for linking up their interests, defending their differences, and exercising their rights and obligations in terms of accessing and using natural resources. Globally environmental governance is deciphered as the sum of organizations, policy instruments, financing mechanisms, rules, procedures, and norms that regulate the processes of global environmental protection. The need for environmental regulation is the result of identification of factors resulting in environmental degradation.

scholarly journals The Governance of Transnational Environmental Harm: Addressing New Modes of Accountability/Responsibility

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 8-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Mason
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Degradation ◽  
Environmental Governance ◽  
Environmental Politics ◽  
Environmental Harm ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Global Environmental Politics ◽  
Private Authority ◽  
Global Environmental ◽  
Introductory Paper

Transboundary and global environmental harm present substantial challenges to state-centered (territorial) modalities of accountability and responsibility. The globalization of environmental degradation has triggered regulatory responses at various jurisdictional scales. These governance efforts, featuring various articulations of state and/or private authority, have struggled to address so-called “accountability deficits” in global environmental politics. Yet, it has also become clear that accountability and responsibility norms forged in domestic regulatory contexts cannot simply be transposed across borders. This special issue explores various conceptual perspectives on accountability and responsibility for transnational harm, and examines their application to different actor groups and environmental governance regimes. This introductory paper provides an overview of the major theoretical positions and examines some of the analytical challenges raised by the transnational (re)scaling of accountability and responsibility norms.

The Impact of Awareness Regarding Environmental Protection Laws on Ecological Degradation

2022 ◽  
pp. 31-43
Author(s):  
Atul Bamrara
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Environmental Degradation ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Global Environmental ◽  
Level Of Economic Development ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Impact

Global environmental troubles are gaining significance because of the speedy and antagonistic speed of urbanization. Environmental degradation restricts the flow of environmental services. Dumping of pollutants in excess of its assimilative capacity into air, water, and soil results in deterioration of the quality of these vital resources. The nature of environmental problem depends upon the level of economic development and the geographical condition of the area under consideration. India being a developing economy with a low per capita income, high population density, agriculture-dependent labour force, and high percentage of rural areas, the problems here are different from those in developed countries. The chapter highlights the impact of knowledge regarding environmental protection issues on environmental degradation.

The Politics of the Environment in Singapore? Lessons from a "Strange" Case

2001 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel P. S. Goh
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Public Sphere ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Environmental Degradation ◽  
Environmental Politics ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Developmental States

AbstractSoutheast Asia has come under scholarly focus for the contradictions of rapid development and environmental protection, and the ensuing politics. Most give Singapore a miss because it is a "strange" case that does not fit into a region where affected local peoples, "middle class" activists and developmental states struggle over the exploitation of natural resources and environmental degradation. This paper claims that analysis of the "quiet" politics of environment in Singapore is instructive, and can correct the materialist bias evident in the understanding of Southeast Asian political economy/ecology. It argues that urban "middle class" environmental activism is a manifestation of resistance to enlarging systems of governance allied with capital. Environmentalism can be seen as a response against the encroachment of the system into the intimate living places of the lifeworld. This response is embedded within an international public sphere that enables environmental politics. These activists derive their motivation and political strength from public moral discursive actions. Environmentalism is a contemporary reflection of a fundamental sociological theme, the discontents' moral struggle for the good society, not necessarily reflecting parochial class interests.

scholarly journals New Governance Mechanisms Contributing to the Integration of National Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation Policies in the Brazilian Amazon

2020 ◽  
pp. 135-151
Author(s):  
Carlos Germano Ferreira Costa
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Environmental Governance ◽  
Local Governance ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
New Governance ◽  
Governance Mechanisms ◽  
Mitigation And Adaptation ◽  
Global Environmental ◽  
Municipal Level

Research in the field of Global Environmental Governance (GEG) pays considerable attention to the emergence of New Governance Mechanisms (NGM). NGM poses profound challenges to governments and institutions in the Developed and Developing world alike, corresponding to new ways of participation. This article seeks to contribute to the debates on NGM by analyzing a municipal-level environmental governance scheme based on deforestation-free commitments emerged in 2011, in Brazil, that has successfully helped to reduce deforestation in the participant municipalities; the Programa Municípios Verdes (PMV). We also shed some lights on the risks represented by promises of changes in federal environmental legislation by the newly elected government of Brazil. It is secondary research based on official data analysis that provided a cost-effective way of gaining a broad understanding of the integration of multi-level climate change mitigation and adaptation policies as well as a report of the governance of policy instruments in local governance schemes. Methodologically we rely on the method of content analysis, based on the study of the PMV Statistical Database, that gives visibility to a broad range of environmental, social, and territorial data and information for the 144 municipalities of the Pará State, through six different types of official reports.

2. Ideas about environmental protection

2020 ◽  
pp. 54-92
Author(s):  
Jean-Frédéric Morin ◽  
Amandine Orsini ◽  
Sikina Jinnah
Keyword(s):  
Social Norms ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Environmental Governance ◽  
Causal Beliefs ◽  
Global Environmental Governance ◽  
World Views ◽  
Socially Constructed ◽  
Global Environmental Politics ◽  
Global Environmental ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter explores the ideas and debates which shape global environmental politics. At least three types of socially constructed ideas play a key role in international environmental governance: world views, causal beliefs, and social norms. However, ideas are not universally shared, which means that ideological clashes are a feature of global environmental governance. The chapter looks at five of the major ideological debates that have marked the evolution of global environmental governance. The first two debates present conflicting world views: the first concerns the scope of environmental values, while the second examines the intrinsic values of non-human organisms. The following two debates concern causal beliefs: one is about the relationship between human intervention and environmental protection, while the other concerns the relationship between economic growth and environmental degradation. The last debate considers different social norms related to environmental justice and the appropriate behaviours expected towards historically marginalized populations.

Capturing the Personal in Politics: Ethnographies of Global Environmental Governance

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 21-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Corson ◽  
Lisa M. Campbell ◽  
Kenneth I. MacDonald
Keyword(s):  
Policy Making ◽  
Environmental Governance ◽  
Global Environmental Governance ◽  
Paradigm Shifts ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Policy Paradigm ◽  
Global Environmental ◽  
Object Of Study ◽  
Collaborative Ethnography ◽  
Relations Of Power

In this article we elaborate on how we use collaborative event ethnography to study global environmental governance. We discuss how it builds on traditional forms of ethnography, as well as on approaches that use ethnography to study policy-making in multiple institutional and geographical sites. We argue that global environmental meetings and negotiations offer opportunities to study critical historical moments in the making of emergent regimes of global environmental governance, and that collaborative ethnography can capture the day-to-day practices that constitute policy paradigm shifts. In this method, the negotiations themselves are not the object of study, but rather how they reflect and transform relations of power in environmental governance. Finally, we propose a new approach to understanding and examining global environmental governance—one that views the ethnographic field as constituted by relationships across time and space that come together at sites such as meetings.

GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL KUZNET CURVE FACTS AND CHALLENGES FOR THAILAND ON EMISSION REDUCTION PLAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chantamon Potipituk
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Co2 Emission ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Individual Country ◽  
Global Environmental ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2

The correlation between country’s gross domestic product and environment as reflected by carbon dioxide (CO2) emission, also known as environmental Kuznet Curve (KC), shows a clear indication on the country’s economic development and environmental protection status. In many aspects, economic growth and environment are not always going on a hand-in-hand mode. The most obvious example is seen in the use of natural resources to promote country’s economic development, which is stand-off one another. However, environmental Kuznet Curve has shown a fact that environmental protection can be in parallel with the economic development given that country’s economics does not largely depend on natural resources. We juxtapose the cross country data on gross domestic product (GDP) and CO2 emission from many offline and online documents. This paper explores the current facts of global environmental KC and corresponding possible consequences on Bangkok Metropolitan Emission reduction plan and implementation, towards environmentally sustainable development in Bangkok Metropolitan. By examining the global KC, three levels of development of the individual country have been identified in terms of per capita GDP and CO2 emission. It shows that most Southeast Asian countries are at initial stage of KCbased development.

The Political Economy of National Climate Policy: Cases of U.S.A., Germany and Japan

2005 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 183-203
Author(s):  
Soonjae Shin
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Environmental Policy ◽  
Interest Groups ◽  
Climate Policy ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
The Political ◽  
Design And Implementation ◽  
Political Dominance ◽  
Policy Making Process

A growing amount of literature in the political economy suggests that the implementation of an environmental policy is limited due to the complexity of the interests of different interest groups and the political dominance of the polluting industries. This paper examines this insufficient implementation of an environmental concept in the case of the climate policy in the U.S.A., Germany and Japan. The focuses of this analysis are the choice, design and implementation of climate policy instruments in these countries. Starting from the fact that interest groups in the policy-making process prefer different policy instruments, the analysis shows which interests are enforced via which political instrument.

The Making of Global Environmental Norms: Endangered Species Protection

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte Epstein
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Policy ◽  
Endangered Species ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Environmental Governance ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Species Protection ◽  
The North ◽  
Global Environmental ◽  
Global Environmental Policy ◽  
Endangered Species Protection

Endangered species protection represents one of the most enduring paradigms of global environmental governance. From a localized concept rooted in North American conceptions of nature, it evolved over the first half of the 20th century into a norm shaping inter-state behavior. This article analyzes the making of endangered species protection as the first global environmental norm, within a broadly constructivist framework. The central concern is how the “making of” the norm impacted its becoming; and how it continues to determine the current orientation of global environmental policy-making. Three enduring legacies are explored. First, the norm was essentially “made in the North” and for the North. A genealogy of the norm thus brings into sharp relief the North-South tensions that have developed as the norm was extended onto a global level. Second, the article highlights the divide between conservationists and preservationists, which continues to plague much policy-making today, as it leads to conflicting visions of global environmental well-being. In a genealogical perspective, this split appears constitutive of the norm itself, and no closer to being resolved. Third, the article examines the targeted single-species approach that was first ushered in by the norm, and has become entrenched as a template for global environmental policy-making at large. There the article asks whether the norm has in fact precluded the passage to more comprehensive, ecosystemic approaches in the making of global environmental policies. Throughout the discussion the whaling issue takes center stage, because of its role in the emergence of the norm, and because of the way it continues to capture recent developments in global environmental politics.

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