Developing the Debris Incinerator Vessel as a New Solution for Managing Marine Debris in Small Islands of Indonesia

Marine debris has been considered a global environmental issue, yet its impacts on each country are varied. Indonesia as an archipelagic country comprises thousands of islands and vast marine territory. The marine debris has threatened many sectors, such as marine endangered species protection, coastal ecosystem, and human livelihood (e.g., sea transportation, tourism, fisheries). The government of Indonesia has implemented various efforts to address this marine debris issue, which include applying recent methods and prototypes from global partners. Based on these approaches, we learn that there are three key success factors to clean marine debris in a very large area of Indonesia, i.e.: good understanding of marine debris dispersion in Indonesian water, sufficient budget, and good coordination among stakeholders. Hence, the Marine Research Centre developed a prototype vessel design in 2021 to manage marine debris, particularly surround small islands, which in Indonesia is called “Kapal Insinerator Sampah” or Debris Incinerator Vessel (DIV). This vessel will focus on managing the waste generated by local inhabitants and marine debris stranded on small islands.

IMPLEMENTASI PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN PELAKU TINDAK PIDANA MEMPERNIAGAKAN BAGIAN-BAGIAN TUBUH SATWA YANG DILINDUNGI (Studi Putusan Nomor: 1027/Pid.Sus/LH/2018/PN.Tjk.)

Ilegal wildlife trade is a serious threat to the conservation of wildlife in Indonesia. Wildlife illegally traded based on the facts found in the wield are mostly caught from the wild, instead of breeding. Natural Resources Conservation Center as an institution that has an important role in rescue efforts are strategic and Endangered species protection of law number 5 of 1990 on Conservation of Biological Resources and Ecosystem. The problem in this study is whether the factors causing the perpetrators to commit criminal acts trade the body parts of the protected animals, and how they are accountable and what efforts to overcome them. Juridical normative and empirical research methods, using secondary and primary data, obtained from library studies and field studies. Based on the results of research and discussion, it is known that the factors causing the perpetrators to commit criminal acts trade the body parts of protected animals, namely economic factors, environmental factors, and factors of public knowledge of the prohibition. The responsibility of the perpetrator of the crime of trading the body parts of the protected animal has been decided by the defendant proven guilty and sentenced to imprisonment for: 3 (three) years and a fine of Rp. 50,000,000 (fifty million rupiah). One of the factors that caused the criminal act to trade the body parts of the protected animals was due to the lack of socialization or knowledge of the community against the prohibition on killing / selling wild animals.

Conservation Beyond Protected Areas

Chapter 12 considers the conservation problem outside of protected areas, and how it reflects the principles described earlier. Topics addressed include the conservation of endangered wild species in unprotected areas and especially in agricultural areas; the in situ protection of the genetic diversity of livestock strains, crops, and crop wild relatives; and the ex situ protection of germ-plasm in zoos, arboreta, and seed banks. Protection of wild species on private lands covers the maintenance of habitat remnants important to the survival of endangered species, and the establishment and maintenance of biocorridors between habitats important to the survival of endangered species. Protection of domesticated species on agricultural and forestland covers the genetic erosion and genetic vulnerability of cultivated species that has followed the widespread adoption of high-yielding varieties.

Philately’s Implications in Ecological Education Via Romanian Thematic Joint Issues (III) - Regarding the 1st Colaboration with WWF

Continuing the extensive project to promote protected natural heritage and biodiversity, we decided, this time, to emphasize the collaboration of the Romanian postal administration with the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) and its purely philatelic interpretations, introducing in scientific circulation the idea of thematic philately for endangered species protection. In this sense, the first topic addressed is the first issue of Romanian postage stamps dedicated exclusively to protected animals in Romania, published in early 1977. From that date until now, at the end of 2020, Romanian philately has been enriched, on quite rare occasions (3-4 in number), with the most interesting and original issues at the same time. As mentioned, the purpose of this paper is to make known to the public and to widely promote the term of protection and sustainable management of endangered species, as an alarm signal on the deplorable condition in which various species of fish, birds or even mammals are treated. For some of these species not to disappear, it was decided to pass them under the protection of the law, where the WWF also has a special contribution through its initiatives. The results of the research undertaken underline the mass character of thematic philately and the fundamental role - as an ambassador of knowledge promotion - that it has played over time. Regarding the philatelic issues that address this thematic, we can say that they successfully highlight the implications of WWF along with those of the Romanian postal administration in promoting the natural capital to be protected, but especially the impressive work of collectors of philatelic effects, as well as of those who used the postal service.

Groundwater Recharge for Drought and Endangered Species Protection

San Antonio Water Systems (SAWS) developed its H2Oaks aquifer storage and recovery project in response to pumping restrictions set on its primary source of water supply, the Edwards Aquifer. The H2Oaks project pumps water from the Edwards Aquifer during wet years and transports it to the H2Oaks project site, where it is injected into the Carrizo-Wilcox aquifer for storage. Stored water is withdrawn to meet municipal demand when restrictions on Edwards Aquifer pumping are in place. Although created for the purpose of securing supplies for SAWS, the H2Oaks project became a centerpiece for regional water management. Storage is used during drought to mitigate impacts on pumping while ensuring minimum springflows needed to protect endangered species in the Edwards aquifer. Currently, the project stores over 176,000 acre-feet of water. This case study traces the development of the H2Oaks project from the passage of the Edwards Aquifer Act to the project’s current implementation. The H2Oaks project demonstrates the potential for groundwater recharge projects to store water as protection against drought conditions. It also demonstrates how storage by one entity can support water management needs across the broader community of water users.

Ten bridges on the road to recovering Canada’s endangered species

Wildlife is declining around the world. Many developed nations have enacted legislation on endangered species protection and provide funding for wildlife recovery. Protecting endangered species is also supported by the public and judiciary. Yet, despite what appear as enabling conditions, wild species continue to decline. Our paper explores pathways to endangered species recovery by analyzing the barriers that have been identified in Canada, the United States, and Australia. We summarize these findings based on Canada’s Species at Risk Conservation Cycle (assessment, protection, recovery planning, implementation, and monitoring and evaluation) and then identify 10 “bridges” that could help overcome these barriers and bend our current trajectory of wildlife loss to recovery. These bridges include ecosystem approaches to recovery, building capacity for community co-governance, linking wildlife recovery to ecosystem services, and improving our storytelling about the loss and recovery of wildlife. The focus of our conclusions is the Canadian setting, but our findings can be applied in other national and subnational settings to reverse the decline of wildlife and halt extinction.