scholarly journals Human-Data Interaction in Healthcare

2020 ◽  
pp. 1148-1167
Author(s):  
Federico Cabitza ◽  
Angela Locoro
Keyword(s):  
Data Quality ◽  
Data Visualization ◽  
Interactive Systems ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Related Data ◽  
Human Data ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Visualization Tools ◽  
Oriented Research ◽  
User Centered

In this chapter, we focus on an emerging strand of IT-oriented research, namely Human-Data Interaction (HDI) and on how this can be applied to healthcare. HDI regards both how humans create and use data by means of interactive systems, which can both assist and constrain them and the operational level of data work, which is both work on data and by data. Healthcare is a challenging arena where to test the potential of HDI towards a new, user-centered perspective on how to support and assess “data work”. This is especially true in current times where data are becoming increasingly big and many tools are available for the lay people, including doctors and nurses, to interact with health-related data. This chapter is a contribution in the direction of considering health-related data through the lens of HDI, and of framing data visualization tools in this strand of research. The intended aim is to let the subtler peculiarities among different kind of data and of their use emerge and be addressed adequately. Our point is that doing so can promote the design of more usable tools that can support data work from a user-centered and data quality perspective and the evidence-based validation of these tools.

scholarly journals Human-Data Interaction in Healthcare

2017 ◽  
pp. 184-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Cabitza ◽  
Angela Locoro
Keyword(s):  
Data Quality ◽  
Data Visualization ◽  
Interactive Systems ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Related Data ◽  
Human Data ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Visualization Tools ◽  
Oriented Research ◽  
User Centered

In this chapter, we focus on an emerging strand of IT-oriented research, namely Human-Data Interaction (HDI) and on how this can be applied to healthcare. HDI regards both how humans create and use data by means of interactive systems, which can both assist and constrain them and the operational level of data work, which is both work on data and by data. Healthcare is a challenging arena where to test the potential of HDI towards a new, user-centered perspective on how to support and assess “data work”. This is especially true in current times where data are becoming increasingly big and many tools are available for the lay people, including doctors and nurses, to interact with health-related data. This chapter is a contribution in the direction of considering health-related data through the lens of HDI, and of framing data visualization tools in this strand of research. The intended aim is to let the subtler peculiarities among different kind of data and of their use emerge and be addressed adequately. Our point is that doing so can promote the design of more usable tools that can support data work from a user-centered and data quality perspective and the evidence-based validation of these tools.

scholarly journals A Conceptual Model for Geo-Online Exploratory Data Visualization: The Case of the COVID-19 Pandemic

Information ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Anna Bernasconi ◽  
Silvia Grandi
Keyword(s):  
Data Visualization ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Online Communication ◽  
Spatial Dimension ◽  
Data Types ◽  
Related Data ◽  
Exploratory Data ◽  
Visualization Tools ◽  
Communication Needs ◽  
Entity Relationship

Responding to the recent COVID-19 outbreak, several organizations and private citizens considered the opportunity to design and publish online explanatory data visualization tools for the communication of disease data supported by a spatial dimension. They responded to the need of receiving instant information arising from the broad research community, the public health authorities, and the general public. In addition, the growing maturity of information and mapping technologies, as well as of social networks, has greatly supported the diffusion of web-based dashboards and infographics, blending geographical, graphical, and statistical representation approaches. We propose a broad conceptualization of Web visualization tools for geo-spatial information, exceptionally employed to communicate the current pandemic; to this end, we study a significant number of publicly available platforms that track, visualize, and communicate indicators related to COVID-19. Our methodology is based on (i) a preliminary systematization of actors, data types, providers, and visualization tools, and on (ii) the creation of a rich collection of relevant sites clustered according to significant parameters. Ultimately, the contribution of this work includes a critical analysis of collected evidence and an extensive modeling effort of Geo-Online Exploratory Data Visualization (Geo-OEDV) tools, synthesized in terms of an Entity-Relationship schema. The COVID-19 pandemic outbreak has offered a significant case to study how and how much modern public communication needs spatially related data and effective implementation of tools whose inspection can impact decision-making at different levels. Our resulting model will allow several stakeholders (general users, policy-makers, and researchers/analysts) to gain awareness on the assets of structured online communication and resource owners to direct future development of these important tools.

scholarly journals Accuracy of online discussion forums on common childhood ailments

2018 ◽  
Vol 106 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison Farrell
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Online Discussion ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Discussion Forums ◽  
Online Forums ◽  
Related Data ◽  
Online Discussion Forums ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Google Search

Objectives: The research sought to determine if the health advice provided in online discussion forms aimed at parents of young children is accurate and in agreement with evidence found in evidence-based resources and to discover whether or not these forums are an avenue for misinformation.Methods: To determine which online forums to use, Google was searched using five common childhood ailments. Forums that appeared five or more times in the first five pages of the Google search for each question were considered. Of these forums, those that met the inclusion criteria were used. Data from a six-month time period was collected and categorized from the discussion forums to analyze the advice being provided about common childhood ailments. Evidence-based resources were used to analyze the accuracy of the advice provided.Results: Two discussion forums were chosen for analysis. Seventy-four questions from one and 131 questions from the other were health related. Data were not analyzed together. Of the health-related questions on the 2 forums, 65.5% and 51.8%, respectively, provided some type of advice. Of the advice provided, 54.1% and 47.2%, respectively, agreed with the evidence provided in evidence-based resources. A further 16.2% and 6.3% was refuted or was somewhat refuted by the evidence found in evidence-based resources.Conclusion: While roughly half of the health-related advice provided in online discussion forums aimed at parents of young children is accurate, only a small portion of the advice is incorrect; therefore, these sources are not a major concern for the spread of misinformation.

Novel Visualization of Large Health Related Data Sets

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
William E. Hammond ◽  
Vivian L. West ◽  
David Borland ◽  
Igor Akushevich ◽  
Eugenia M. Heinz
Keyword(s):  
Data Sets ◽  
Related Data ◽  
Health Related

Best Practices for Data Visualization: Creating and Evaluating a Report for an Evidence-Based Fall Prevention Program (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Srijesa Khasnabish ◽  
Zoe Burns ◽  
Madeline Couch ◽  
Mary Mullin ◽  
Randall Newmark ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Implementation Science ◽  
Data Visualization ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Fall Prevention ◽  
Prevention Program ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Data Display ◽  
Fall Prevention Program

BACKGROUND Data visualization experts have identified core principles to follow when creating visual displays of data that facilitate comprehension. Such principles can be applied to creating effective reports for clinicians that display compliance with quality improvement protocols. A basic tenet of implementation science is continuous monitoring and feedback. Applying best practices for data visualization to reports for clinicians can catalyze implementation and sustainment of new protocols. OBJECTIVE To apply best practices for data visualization to create reports that clinicians find clear and useful. METHODS First, we conducted a systematic literature review to identify best practices for data visualization. We applied these findings and feedback collected via a questionnaire to improve the Fall TIPS Monthly Report (FTMR), which shows compliance with an evidence-based fall prevention program, Fall TIPS (Tailoring Interventions for Patient Safety). This questionnaire was based on the requirements for effective data display suggested by expert Stephen Few. We then evaluated usability of the FTMR using a 15-item Health Information Technology Usability Evaluation Scale (Health-ITUES). Items were rated on a 5-point Likert scale from strongly disagree (1) to strongly agree (5). RESULTS The results of the systematic literature review emphasized that the ideal data display maximizes the information communicated while minimizing the cognitive efforts involved with data interpretation. Factors to consider include selecting the correct type of display (e.g. line vs bar graph) and creating simplistic reports. The qualitative and quantitative evaluations of the original and final FTMR revealed improved perceptions of the visual display of the reports and their usability. Themes that emerged from the staff interviews emphasized the value of simplified reports, meaningful data, and usefulness to clinicians. The mean (SD) rating on the Health-ITUES scale when evaluating the original FTMR was 3.86 (0.19) and increased to 4.29 (0.11) when evaluating the revised FTMR (Mann Whitney U Test, z=-12.25, P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Best practices identified through a systematic review can be applied to create effective reports for clinician use. The lessons learned from evaluating FTMR perceptions and measuring usability can be applied to creating effective reports for clinician use in the context of other implementation science projects.

Dissemination and Implementation Research in Health

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Evidence Base ◽  
Dissemination And Implementation ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Collaborative Partnerships ◽  
Social Service Agencies ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Health Related Research ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Dissemination And Implementation Research ◽  
Policies And Programs

Fifteen to twenty years is how long it takes for the billions of dollars of health-related research to translate into evidence-based policies and programs suitable for public use. Over the past 15 years, an exciting science has emerged that seeks to narrow the gap between the discovery of new knowledge and its application in public health, mental health, and health care settings. Dissemination and implementation (D&I) research seeks to understand how to best apply scientific advances in the real world, by focusing on pushing the evidence-based knowledge base out into routine use. To help propel this crucial field forward, leading D&I scholars and researchers have collaborated to put together this volume to address a number of key issues, including: how to evaluate the evidence base on effective interventions; which strategies will produce the greatest impact; how to design an appropriate study; and how to track a set of essential outcomes. D&I studies must also take into account the barriers to uptake of evidence-based interventions in the communities where people live their lives and the social service agencies, hospitals, and clinics where they receive care. The challenges of moving research to practice and policy are universal, and future progress calls for collaborative partnerships and cross-country research. The fundamental tenet of D&I research—taking what we know about improving health and putting it into practice—must be the highest priority. This book is nothing less than a roadmap that will have broad appeal to researchers and practitioners across many disciplines.

Health research capacity in Nepal: Analysis of the trend and the role of local researchers

2021 ◽  
pp. 004947552098277
Author(s):  
Madhu Kharel ◽  
Alpha Pokharel ◽  
Krishna P Sapkota ◽  
Prasant V Shahi ◽  
Pratisha Shakya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Research ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Research Capacity ◽  
Rapid Review ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Evidence Based Decision Making

Evidence-based decision-making is less common in low- and middle-income countries where the research capacity remains low. Nepal, a lower-middle-income country in Asia, is not an exception. We conducted a rapid review to identify the trend of health research in Nepal and found more than seven-fold increase in the number of published health-related articles between 2000 and 2018. The proportion of articles with Nepalese researchers as the first authors has also risen over the years, though they are still only in two-thirds of the articles in 2018.

scholarly journals Response Behavior and Quality of Survey Data: Comparing Elderly Respondents in Institutions and Private Households

2021 ◽  
pp. 004912412199553
Author(s):  
Jan-Lucas Schanze
Keyword(s):  
Data Quality ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Response Behavior ◽  
Quality Of Data ◽  
Social Surveys ◽  
Private Households ◽  
Confounding Variables ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Survey Interviews

An increasing age of respondents and cognitive impairment are usual suspects for increasing difficulties in survey interviews and a decreasing data quality. This is why survey researchers tend to label residents in retirement and nursing homes as hard-to-interview and exclude them from most social surveys. In this article, I examine to what extent this label is justified and whether quality of data collected among residents in institutions for the elderly really differs from data collected within private households. For this purpose, I analyze the response behavior and quality indicators in three waves of Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe. To control for confounding variables, I use propensity score matching to identify respondents in private households who share similar characteristics with institutionalized residents. My results confirm that most indicators of response behavior and data quality are worse in institutions compared to private households. However, when controlling for sociodemographic and health-related variables, differences get very small. These results suggest the importance of health for the data quality irrespective of the housing situation.

scholarly journals Assessment of Dietary Habits, Physical Activity and Lifestyle in Medical University Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 3572
Author(s):  
Lavinia-Maria Pop ◽  
Magdalena Iorga ◽  
Iulia-Diana Muraru ◽  
Florin-Dumitru Petrariu
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Related Data ◽  
The Third ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Medical University ◽  
Busy Schedule

A busy schedule and demanding tasks challenge medical students to adjust their lifestyle and dietary habits. The aim of this study was to identify dietary habits and health-related behaviours among students. A number of 403 students (80.40% female, aged M = 21.21 ± 4.56) enrolled in a medical university provided answers to a questionnaire constructed especially for this research, which was divided into three parts: the first part collected socio-demographic, anthropometric, and medical data; the second part inquired about dietary habits, lifestyle, sleep, physical activity, water intake, and use of alcohol and cigarettes; and the third part collected information about nutrition-related data and the consumption of fruit, vegetables, meat, eggs, fish, and sweets. Data were analysed using SPSS v24. Students usually slept M = 6.71 ± 1.52 h/day, and one-third had self-imposed diet restrictions to control their weight. For both genders, the most important meal was lunch, and one-third of students had breakfast each morning. On average, the students consumed 1.64 ± 0.88 l of water per day and had 220 min of physical activity per week. Data about the consumption of fruit, vegetables, meat, eggs, fish, sweets, fast food, coffee, tea, alcohol, or carbohydrate drinks were presented. The results of our study proved that medical students have knowledge about how to maintain a healthy life and they practice it, which is important for their subsequent professional life.

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