Internet Usage in India

Author(s):  
P. Murugiah

The ERNET network was only made available to educational and research communities. ERNET was initiated by the Department of Electronics (DoE), with funding support from the Government of India and United Nations Development Program (UNDP), involving eight premier institutions as participating agencies—NCST Bombay; Indian Institute of Science; five Indian Institutes of Technology at Delhi, Mumbai, Kanpur, Kharagpur, and Chennai; and the DoE in New Delhi. It is estimated that by 2017, internet users in India are most likely to be in a range of 450-465 million. The frequency of internet access among urban internet users in India is close to 51% or 137.19 million of internet users are using internet on a daily basis (at least once a day). On the other hand, 242 million or 90% of the urban internet user's use internet once a month. Analysis of ‘daily users' reveals that they are both in urban and rural India.

Author(s):  
Ahmed Abdalla

Sudan is a country with a great abundance of fertile and arable land as well as water resources. However, unstable Nile levels and seasonal rain limit agricultural spans in the year, and agricultural activities far from river banks make it necessary to use underground water. Photovoltaic water pumping systems have been available in Sudan from early times, however high up-front costs for initial investment contributed to halting widespread use of the systems. A recent project developed by the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) in Sudan, the PV fund, incentivizes the deployment of such systems for farmers by introducing a low-risk finance mechanism. This paper aims to conduct a Strengths, Weaknesses, Threats, and Opportunities (SWOT) analysis on this finance mechanism, and further propose recommendations and alternatives. The study concluded that the strengths are not requiring the beneficiary to provide any guarantees to obtain finance, solving the problem of high-cost PV pumping, distributing risks to the financiers, and attracting farmers and beneficiaries because the repayment period is 4 years. The weak point is the long-term operability. It also provides future opportunities for banks and financial institutions to finance the mechanisms of pumping water, which helps industrial and urban development. The main threats are the government, inflation, fluctuating exchange rates, and difficulty in pricing equipment.


2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Anggraeni Yunita ◽  
Mrs Christianingrum

The purpose of this study is to measure the accountability of village funds management in Kabupaten Bangka. In relation to the Village Funds program which is a government program, the measurement of accountability of Village Funds management uses accountability principles consisting of Transparency, Liability, Controlling, Responsibility and Responsiveness which are the principles of accountability developed by the United Nations Development Program in measuring bureaucratic accountability. This research is a qualitative research by taking data from several villages in Bangka Regency. As well as qualitative research, the data taken in this study using snowball sampling method, where researchers take data by conducting in-depth interviews until the data obtained until the condition is saturated, meaning there is a repetition of the same information at the time of data collection. The results of this study indicate that villages in Bangka Regency have met the accountability principles of 5 (five) starting from planning, implementation and reporting when measured from 5 (five) accountability principles consisting of Transparency, Obligation, Controlling, Responsibility and Responsiveness.


1971 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 938-949
Author(s):  
Johan Kaufmann

Partly by design, partly by coincidence the twelve months from September 1969 to September 1970 saw an “explosion” of reports about development problems. This article is particularly concerned with one of these, Sir Robert Jackson's A Study of the Capacity of the United Nations Development System. While the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) covers only a minor percentage of total assistance extended to less developed countries, its significance reaches beyond its quantitative development impact It has become the single most important United Nations cooperative effort and, more generally, represents an unprecedented example of intergovernmental and interorganizational cooperation.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Muhammad Asim, Hashmat Ali

Internet usage in Pakistan has been growing exponentially in terms of access, subscriptions and roll-out-of-content and services coupled with the recent mobile broadband innovations. Facebook is considered the most popular social platform, with Google the second followed by Twitter and Instagram (Yusufzai, 2016). In Pakistan over 30 million people are registered internet users out of which, 15 million get access to internet through cellular devices. Over 155,000 Pakistanis have Twitter accounts, whereas the number of Facebook users is considerably higher at 15 million. Social media has been gaining vast popularity among the masses. Cheap mobile broadband coupled with inexpensive smart phones is adding to this number rapidly. People are inclined towards social media to easy and cheap way to spread their opinions, share experiences, offer suggestions and give feedback on topics of common interest. It has led to a massive rise in both positive and negative activities. The Government of Pakistan has certainly taken into account this issue and has taken some meaningful steps and hopes to do more in this sector to curb the unlawful and illegal acts and get a control over it.


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