Trade and Economic Integration in BRICS

2020 ◽  
pp. 1139-1151
Author(s):  
Akhilesh Chandra Prabhakar
Keyword(s):  
Economic Integration ◽  
Absorptive Capacity ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Fdi Inflows ◽  
Brics Countries ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Equilibrium Relationship ◽  
Positive Growth ◽  
National Economies ◽  
Sustainable Equilibrium

This chapter examines the existing pattern in the area of trade and economic integration among the BRICS countries which was tended to be neglected and to which there have been few original or significant contributions until now. The research results indicate the presence of the long-run sustainable equilibrium relationship between Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), trade and economic growth. It is thus important that policymakers have to remove obstacles to FDI inflows and improve the respective absorptive capacity of national economies in order to maximize positive growth effects. This study also discusses how China performed well through attracting FDI inflows and maintained trade balance.

Trade and Economic Integration in BRICS

2016 ◽  
pp. 45-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akhilesh Chandra Prabhakar
Keyword(s):  
Economic Integration ◽  
Absorptive Capacity ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Fdi Inflows ◽  
Brics Countries ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Equilibrium Relationship ◽  
Positive Growth ◽  
National Economies ◽  
Sustainable Equilibrium

This chapter examines the existing pattern in the area of trade and economic integration among the BRICS countries which was tended to be neglected and to which there have been few original or significant contributions until now. The research results indicate the presence of the long-run sustainable equilibrium relationship between Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), trade and economic growth. It is thus important that policymakers have to remove obstacles to FDI inflows and improve the respective absorptive capacity of national economies in order to maximize positive growth effects. This study also discusses how China performed well through attracting FDI inflows and maintained trade balance.

scholarly journals Foreign Direct Investment, Trade and Economic Growth: A New Paradigm of the BRICS

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akhilesh Chandra Prabhakar ◽  
Muhammad Azam ◽  
B. Bakhtyar ◽  
Yusnidah Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Regional Integration ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Fdi Inflows ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Equilibrium Relationship ◽  
Development Context ◽  
Sustainable Equilibrium

<p class="zhengwen"><span lang="EN-GB">The present study begins by surveying broadly supports the assertion that regional integration in the case of the BRICS is not adequately paid attention except with very few original or significant contributions. This research examines the existing pattern in the areas of trade and investment with a view to locate in the development context. It was also essential to make a theoretical investigation on literature of trade along with the empirical one. The survey broadly supports the frequent, through usually undocumented, assertion that BRICS was an area had tended to neglect and to which they had made few if any original or significant contributions. Alongside, this study panel data on BRICSs, where the results confirm that foreign direct investment (FDI), trade and economic growth indicate the presence of long-run sustainable equilibrium relationship between them. It is thus important that policymakers to remove obstacles to FDI inflows and improve the respective absorptive capacity in order to reap maximize positive growth effects. This study also discussed that how China performed well through attracting FDI inflows and maintained trade balance. </span></p>

An Empirical Investigation of India’s Outward Foreign Direct Investment: A Macro Perspective

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-88
Author(s):  
Dikshita Kakoti
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Real Effective Exchange Rate ◽  
Outward Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Fdi Inflows ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Effective Exchange ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Effective Exchange Rate

Since 1990, globalization of Indian economy led to a speedy growth of foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows and simultaneously outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) also shows an increasing trend. However, India’s OFDI has attracted a little attention from the researchers and they have considered the OFDI in terms of commitments or approved equities. The motivation of this article is to investigate the India’s macro factors influencing actual OFDI flows from India by empirically recognizing four factors, namely gross domestic product, inward FDI, real effective exchange rate, and real interest rate over the period 1980–2016. The study has used Augmented Dicky-Fuller (ADF) and Phillips–Perron (PP) Unit root tests for checking the stationarity of the variable of the model. Later on, autoregressive distributive lag (ARDL) model and error correction mechanism is used for testing the long-run as well as short-run dynamics of the model. The result shows that all the selected variables have positive and significant influence on India’s outward investment flows.

scholarly journals Causal Links between Trade Openness and Foreign Direct Investment in Romania

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
Malsha Mayoshi Rathnayaka Mudiyanselage ◽  
Gheorghe Epuran ◽  
Bianca Tescașiu
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Trade Openness ◽  
Test Procedure ◽  
Real Effective Exchange Rate ◽  
Foreign Direct Investments ◽  
Causality Test ◽  
Fdi Inflows ◽  
Distributed Lag ◽  
Long Run

In this increasingly globalized era, foreign direct investments are considered to be one of the most important sources of external financing for all countries. This paper investigates the causal relationship between trade openness and foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows in Romania during the period 1997–2019. Throughout this study, Trade Openness is the main independent variable, and Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Real Effective Exchange Rate (EXR), Inflation (INF), and Education (EDU) act as control variables for investigating the relationships between trade openness (TOP) and FDI inflow in Romania. The Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) Bounds test procedure was adopted to achieve the above-mentioned objective. Trade openness has negative and statistically significant long-run and short-run relationships with FDI inflows in Romania throughout the period. Trade openness negatively affects the FDI inflow, which suggest that the higher the level of openness is, the less likely it is that FDI will be attracted in the long run. The result of the Granger causality test indicated that Romania has a unidirectional relationship between trade openness and FDI. It also showed that the direction of causality ran from FDI to trade openness.

scholarly journals Dynamic Causal Relationships among GDP, Exports, and Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in the Developing Countries

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsen Mehrara ◽  
Amin Haghnejad ◽  
Jalal Dehnavi ◽  
Fereshteh Jandaghi Meybodi
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Strong Evidence ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fdi Inflows ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Growth Hypothesis

Using panel techniques, this paper estimates the causality among economic growth, exports, and Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) inflows for developing countries over the period of 1980 to 2008. The study indicates that; firstly, there is strong evidence of bidirectional causality between economic growth and FDI inflows. Secondly, the exports-led growth hypothesis is supported by the finding of unidirectional causality running from exports to economic growth in both the short-run and the long-run. Thirdly, export is not Granger caused by economic growth and FDI inflow in either the short run or the long run. On the basis of the obtained results, it is recommended that outward-oriented strategies and policies of attracting FDI be pursued by developing countries to achieve higher rates of economic growth. On the other hand, the countries can increase FDI inflows by stimulating their economic growth.

scholarly journals FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN INDIA: A TREND ANALYSIS

10.36713/3205 ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 57-64
Author(s):  
Rudresha C. E
Keyword(s):  
International Economic ◽  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Economic Integration ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Policy Reforms ◽  
New Economic Policy ◽  
Fdi Inflows ◽  
Indian Economy ◽  
Made In

International economic integration plays a significant role in the growth and development of any country, whether rich or poor. And foreign direct investment (FDI) is one of the major components in the process of achieving international economic integration in any economy. As is known, FDI serves as a link between investment and savings. This is true even in the case of India which is facing the deficit of savings and which can be addressed with the help of FDI. It (i.e., FDI) also helps in raising the growth and development of the economy. India is one of the leading markets at the global level. It has emerged as one of the attractive destinations in the world with a significant change in the inflow of FDI. The journey of FDI is very interesting with the introduction of liberalized policy through new economic policy 1991 and also other policy reforms of Government of India. It has witnessed a drastic change in the inflow and direction of foreign investment in Indian economy. In this backdrop, an attempt is made in this paper to examine country-wise, sector-wise and region-wise FDI inflows in Indian economy during last 19 years, 2000-01 to 2018-19. KEY WORDS: Economic Integration, Foreign Direct Investment, Developing Nations, Savings, Policy Reforms

scholarly journals FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN ASEAN COUNTRIES, 1990-2012.

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
PADMANABHA RAMACHANDRA BHATT
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Wald Test ◽  
Significant Variable ◽  
Vector Autoregression Model ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Equilibrium Relationship ◽  
Unit Increase ◽  
Asean Countries ◽  
Estimated Error

The objectives of the paper are to study foreign trade and investment dimensions of ASEAN and to study the role of FDI to the growth of exports. Vector autoregression model (VAR) is adopted to estimate the long run causal relationship between exports, foreign direct investment and GDP. The cointegration test result shows that there exists a long run equilibrium relationship between exports, FDI and GDP. It is found from the estimated Error Correction Model that FDI is a significant variable and the result indicates that 1 unit increase in FDI in ASEAN will lead to 1.1 units increase in exports. Wald Test indicates that there is a bilateral relationship between Exports and FDI but unilateral relationship between FDI and GDP and the direction is from FDI to GDP which means that FDI causes GDP.  

China's Economic Growth and Innovation in Globalization

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
Bryan Christiansen
Keyword(s):  
Economic Integration ◽  
Capital Flows ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Chinese Economy ◽  
Business Organizations ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Critical Determinant ◽  
National Economies ◽  
Over Time

The purpose of this chapter is to investigate the potential long-term effects of contemporary globalization on the Chinese economy and innovation in an era of global hypercompetition. Globalization today is basically accepted as the process that removes geographical boundaries and enables the economic integration and interdependence of national economies into the international economy through trade, foreign direct investment, migration, and capital flows. Since productivity remains the critical determinant of long-term national growth and prosperity, the effects of today's globalism on productivity demands the need for business organizations in particular to sustain a competitive advantage and to remain profitable over time. Based on an integrative literature review, this chapter explores why China must continue to develop its innovation capabilities as well as to provide opportunities for foreign businesses over the long-term via responsible economic development that also benefits the nation's domestic population.

FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT INFLOWS AND REGULATION IN NIGERIA: AN EMPIRICAL PERSPECTIVE

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-168
Author(s):  
Aderemi Timothy Ayomitunde ◽  
Amusa Bolanle Olubunmi ◽  
Awomailo Lanke B ◽  
Olayemi Henry Omotayo
Keyword(s):  
Rule Of Law ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Fdi Inflows ◽  
Government Effectiveness ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Equilibrium Relationship ◽  
Good Government ◽  
Empirical Perspective

The aim of this study is to examine the long run equilibrium relationship between regu-lation and FDI inflows in Nigeria over the period of 1990 to 2016 which past studies have failed to explore. Consequently, the study utilized data from UNCTAD, World Bank database, CBN Statistical Bulletin and Cointegration, DOLS and Granger Cau-sality approach was used to address the objective of this study. However, the major findings in this study are summarized as follows. Government effectiveness, rule of law and inflation rate have a significant positive relationship with FDI inflows in Nigeria in the long run, apart from regulation quality that is not significant. This implies that regulation is favorable to the inflows of cross border investment in the country. In addition, there is a unidirectional feedback relationship which runs from FDI inflows to regulation quality and one way feedback relationship runs from the rule of law to government effective-ness in the country. Finally, due to the findings that emerged from this study, the fol-lowing recommendations are made for the policy makers, investors and future re-searchers in Nigeria that when attraction of FDI inflows are the target of the policy makers in the country, improving variables like rule of law, government effectiveness and regulation quality will induce the inflows of cross border investment accordingly in the long run. Also, the Nigerian government should be committed to the provision of a sound business environment in the form of good government regulations to ensure rapid inflows of FDI in the country.

Information Linkages Among BRICS Countries: Empirical Evidence from Implied Volatility Indices

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gagan Sharma ◽  
Parthajit Kayal ◽  
Piyush Pandey
Keyword(s):  
International Finance ◽  
Implied Volatility ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Brics Countries ◽  
Volatility Index ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Equilibrium Relationship ◽  
Portfolio Managers ◽  
Information Linkages ◽  
Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity

In this article, we examine the information linkages of the forward-looking measure of volatility, the volatility index (VIX), for underlying equity market indices of BRICS countries—Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa. A study of the information transmission process confirmed a long-run equilibrium relationship between pairs of BRICS countries. The multivariate generalised autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity (MGARCH) model revealed strong intertemporal linkages between sample VIX. Return and volatility spill-over matrix show the varying degree of connectedness of BRICS VIX across the study period. This study contributes to the international finance literature and has important implications for investors, portfolio managers, policymakers and academia. JEL Classification: C58, F36, G11, G14, G15

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