Understanding Blockchain

2021 ◽  
pp. 181-202
Author(s):  
Hemraj Saini ◽  
Geetanjali Rathee ◽  
Dinesh Kumar Saini
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Literature Survey ◽  
Use Cases ◽  
Security Framework ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
New Ideas

In this chapter, the authors have detailed the need of blockchain technology along with its case studies in different domains. The literature survey is described that describes how blockchain technology is rising. Further, a number of domains where blockchain technology can be applied along with its case studies have been discussed. In addition, the authors have considered the various use cases with their recent issues and how these issues can be resolved using the blockchain technology by proposing some new ideas. A proposed security framework in certain applications using blockchain technology is presented. Finally, the chapter is concluded with future directions.

Developing a framework for considering blockchain pilots in the supply chain – lessons from early industry adopters

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Remko van Hoek
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Use Cases ◽  
Use Case ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Early Adopters ◽  
Design Considerations ◽  
Blockchain Technology

Purpose There is a lot of interest in blockchain technology in the supply chain, but to date, there is little empirical research to support managerial decision-making. Verhoeven et al. (2018) suggested five screens for ensuring mindful development of use cases for blockchain in the supply chain. This paper aims to extend the Verhoeven et al.’s (2018) framework and empirical research beyond the use case stage into the pilot stage. Design/methodology/approach Three case studies in different industries (logistics services, consumer products and retail), supply chain positions (manufacturer, carrier, and retailer) and geographies (Europe and USA) are conducted to explore lessons learned by early adopters of blockchain technology in the supply chain. Findings The case studies indicate that the Verhoeven et al.’s (2018) screens, with one added screen, are helpful in considering “what to adopt.” Based on the insights from the case studies, it is also possible to develop pilot design considerations that can inform “where to start.” Lessons learned include that there is value in scoping pilots in a targeted manner, including the use of existing technology in the pilot (as opposed to replacing existing technology) and that there is the ability to start a pilot fast, provided the existence of executive and stakeholder engagement. Practical implications In addition to the need to be being mindful in considering what use case for blockchain in the supply chain to potentially adopt, mindful consideration of blockchain technology in the supply chain extends into the design of pilots. Six specific design considerations are offered. Originality/value Based on the insights from early adopters in industry, the author extends guidance for the mindful adoption of blockchain in the supply chain beyond the development of use cases, into the design of actual pilots. These insights directly address calls for research from literature (including from Dobrovnik et al., 2018 and Ferdows, 2018).

scholarly journals A use case centric survey of Blockchain: status quo and future directions

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Srinath Perera ◽  
Frank Leymann ◽  
Paul Fremantle
Keyword(s):  
Status Quo ◽  
Use Cases ◽  
Potential Outcomes ◽  
Use Case ◽  
Financial Systems ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Digital Currency ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
To Come ◽  
Level Of Effort

This paper presents an assessment of blockchain technology based on the Emerging Technology Analysis Canvas (ETAC) to evaluate the drivers and potential outcomes. The ETAC is a framework to critically analyze emerging technologies. The assessment finds that blockchain can fundamentally transform the world. It is ready for specific applications in use cases such as digital currency, lightweight financial systems, ledgers, provenance, and disintermediation. However, Blockchain faces significant technical gaps in other use cases and needs at least 5-10 years to come to full fruition in those spaces. Sustaining the current level of effort (e.g. startups, research) for this period of time may be challenging. We also find that the need and merits of decentralized infrastructures compared to centralized and semi-centralized alternatives is not always clear. Given the risk involved and significant potential returns, we recommend a cautiously optimistic approach to blockchain with the focus on concrete use cases. The primary contributions of this paper are a use case centric categorization of the blockchain, a detailed discussion on challenges faced by those categories, and an assessment of their future.

scholarly journals Blockchain Security as “People Security”: Applying Sociotechnical Security to Blockchain Technology

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelsie Nabben
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Security Analysis ◽  
Social Software ◽  
Security Framework ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Digital Infrastructure ◽  
The Social ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Security Guarantees

The notion that blockchains offer decentralized, “trustless” guarantees of security through technology is a fundamental misconception held by many advocates. This misconception hampers participants from understanding the security differences between public and private blockchains and adopting blockchain technology in suitable contexts. This paper introduces the notion of “people security” to argue that blockchains hold inherent limitations in offering accurate security guarantees to people as participants in blockchain-based infrastructure, due to the differing nature of the threats to participants reliant on blockchain as secure digital infrastructure, as well as the technical limitations between different types of blockchain architecture. This paper applies a sociotechnical security framework to assess the social, software, and infrastructural layers of blockchain applications to reconceptualize “blockchain security” as “people security.” A sociotechnical security analysis of existing macrosocial level blockchain systems surfaces discrepancies between the social, technical, and infrastructural layers of a blockchain network, the technical and governance decisions that characterize the network, and the expectations of, and threats to, participants using the network. The results identify a number of security and trust assumptions against various blockchain architectures, participants, and applications. Findings indicate that private blockchains have serious limitations for securing the interests of users in macrosocial contexts, due to their centralized nature. In contrast, public blockchains reveal trust and security shortcomings at the micro and meso-organizational levels, yet there is a lack of suitable desktop case studies by which to analyze sociotechnical security at the macrosocial level. These assumptions need to be further investigated and addressed in order for blockchain security to more accurately provide “people security”.

scholarly journals A use case centric survey of Blockchain: status quo and future directions

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Srinath Perera ◽  
Frank Leymann ◽  
Paul Fremantle
Keyword(s):  
Status Quo ◽  
Use Cases ◽  
Potential Outcomes ◽  
Use Case ◽  
Financial Systems ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Digital Currency ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
To Come ◽  
Level Of Effort

This paper presents an assessment of blockchain technology based on the Emerging Technology Analysis Canvas (ETAC) to evaluate the drivers and potential outcomes. The ETAC is a framework to critically analyze emerging technologies. The assessment finds that blockchain can fundamentally transform the world. It is ready for specific applications in use cases such as digital currency, lightweight financial systems, ledgers, provenance, and disintermediation. However, Blockchain faces significant technical gaps in other use cases and needs at least 5-10 years to come to full fruition in those spaces. Sustaining the current level of effort (e.g. startups, research) for this period of time may be challenging. We also find that the need and merits of decentralized infrastructures compared to centralized and semi-centralized alternatives is not always clear. Given the risk involved and significant potential returns, we recommend a cautiously optimistic approach to blockchain with the focus on concrete use cases. The primary contributions of this paper are a use case centric categorization of the blockchain, a detailed discussion on challenges faced by those categories, and an assessment of their future.

Use Cases and Applications of Blockchain Technology in IT Industry

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 716-720
Author(s):  
Deepak Kumar Verma ◽  
Varsha Katheria ◽  
Mazhar Khaliq
Keyword(s):  
Use Cases ◽  
It Industry ◽  
Blockchain Technology

scholarly journals Series Compensation of Transmission Systems: A Literature Survey

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1717
Author(s):  
Camilo Andrés Ordóñez ◽  
Antonio Gómez-Expósito ◽  
José María Maza-Ortega
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Power System ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Literature Survey ◽  
Power Electronic ◽  
Transmission Systems ◽  
Series Compensation ◽  
Near Future

This paper reviews the basics of series compensation in transmission systems through a literature survey. The benefits that this technology brings to enhance the steady state and dynamic operation of power systems are analyzed. The review outlines the evolution of the series compensation technologies, from mechanically operated switches to line- and self-commutated power electronic devices, covering control issues, different applications, practical realizations, and case studies. Finally, the paper closes with the major challenges that this technology will face in the near future to achieve a fully decarbonized power system.

Blockchain as supply chain technology: considering transparency and security

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei Xu ◽  
Joonghee Lee ◽  
James R. Barth ◽  
Robert Glenn Richey
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Text Mining ◽  
Information Security ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Use Cases ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Twitter Data ◽  
The Way

PurposeThis paper discusses how the features of blockchain technology impact supply chain transparency through the lens of the information security triad (confidentiality, integrity and availability). Ultimately, propositions are developed to encourage future research in supply chain applications of blockchain technology.Design/methodology/approachPropositions are developed based on a synthesis of the information security and supply chain transparency literature. Findings from text mining of Twitter data and a discussion of three major blockchain use cases support the development of the propositions.FindingsThe authors note that confidentiality limits supply chain transparency, which causes tension between transparency and security. Integrity and availability promote supply chain transparency. Blockchain features can preserve security and increase transparency at the same time, despite the tension between confidentiality and transparency.Research limitations/implicationsThe research was conducted at a time when most blockchain applications were still in pilot stages. The propositions developed should therefore be revisited as blockchain applications become more widely adopted and mature.Originality/valueThis study is among the first to examine the way blockchain technology eases the tension between supply chain transparency and security. Unlike other studies that have suggested only positive impacts of blockchain technology on transparency, this study demonstrates that blockchain features can influence transparency both positively and negatively.

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