Implementing Privacy Dimensions within an Electronic Storefront

2011 ◽  
pp. 116-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang Liu ◽  
Jack Marchewka ◽  
Brian Mackie
Keyword(s):  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Web Sites ◽  
Behavioral Intentions ◽  
Federal Trade Commission ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Fair Information Practices ◽  
Online Activities

Many electronic businesses will attempt to distinguish themselves from their competition and gain a competitive advantage by customizing their Web sites, in order to build a strong relationship with their customers. This will require the collection and use of personal information and data concerning the customer’s online activities. Although new technologies provide an opportunity for enhanced collection, storage, use, and analysis of this data, concerns about privacy may create a barrier for many electronic businesses. For example, studies suggest that many people have yet to shop or provide personal information online due to a lack of trust. Moreover, many others tend to fabricate personal information. To this end, many electronic businesses have attempted to ease customers’ concerns about privacy by posting privacy policies or statements, or by complying with a particular seal program. Recently, the Federal Trade Commission has proposed four privacy dimensions that promote fair information practices. These dimensions include: (1) notice/awareness, (2) access/participation, (3) choice/consent, and (4) security/integrity. An electronic storefront was developed to include these privacy dimensions as part of a study to learn how privacy influences trust and, in turn, how trust influences behavioral intentions to purchase online. The empirical evidence from this study strongly suggests that electronic businesses can benefit by including these privacy dimensions in their Web sites. This chapter will focus on how these dimensions can be implemented within an electronic storefront.

Are Retailers' Perceptions of Their Innovativeness and Technology Similar to Those of Consumers?

2020 ◽  
pp. 310-337
Author(s):  
Maria-Eugenia Ruiz-Molina ◽  
Irene Gil-Saura ◽  
Gloria Berenguer-Contrí
Keyword(s):  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Behavioral Intentions ◽  
Consumer Behaviour ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Consumer Perceptions ◽  
Technological Advancement ◽  
Sustainable Competitive Advantage ◽  
Competitive Environments ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter explores the relationship between retail innovativeness and the level of technological advancement as well as the ICT solutions implemented by store chains of four retail activities – e.g. grocery, textile, electronics, and furniture and decoration. Innovation may become a source of sustainable competitive advantage in the highly competitive environments where retailers have to operate. In this chapter, retailers and consumers' perceptions are compared in order to assess if retailers' expectations of their efforts in innovation and ICT investment match with consumer perceptions about these decisions. Evidence exists of significant differences in consumer perceptions and behavioral intentions. As a result, differences in consumer behaviour are found between high and low innovators that may be explained by the strong relationship between retail innovativeness and the technology implemented by the store. Notwithstanding, these findings are sensitive to the type of product sold by the store.

Protecting Privacy Online: Is Self-Regulation Working?

2000 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary J. Culnan
Keyword(s):  
Private Sector ◽  
Web Sites ◽  
Federal Trade Commission ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Progress Report ◽  
Regulatory Regime ◽  
Privacy Policy ◽  
Consumer Privacy ◽  
Fair Information Practices ◽  
Information Practices

The author assesses the extent to which 361 consumer-oriented commercial Web sites post disclosures that describe their information practices and whether these disclosures reflect fair information practices. Although approximately 67% of the sites sampled post a privacy disclosure, only 14% of these disclosures constitute a comprehensive privacy policy. The study was initiated by the private sector as a progress report to the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) and is one in a series of efforts designed to assess whether consumer privacy can be protected through industry self-regulation or whether legislation is required. Although the FTC does not recommend legislation at this time, the study suggests that an effective self-regulatory regime for consumer privacy online has yet to emerge.

Do Privacy Statements Really Work?

Cyber Crime ◽  
2013 ◽  
pp. 695-712
Author(s):  
Hamid R. Nemati ◽  
Thomas Van Dyke
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Commerce ◽  
Web Sites ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Security Policy ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Consumer Trust ◽  
Privacy And Security ◽  
Privacy Concerns ◽  
Fair Information Practices ◽  
Privacy Statements

Companies today collect, store and process enormous amounts of information in order to identify, gain, and maintain customers. Electronic commerce and advances in database and communication technology allow business to collect and analyze more personal information with greater ease and efficiency than ever before. This has resulted in increased privacy concerns and a lack of trust among consumers. These concerns have prompted the FCC to call for the use of Fair Information Practices in electronic commerce. Many firms have added privacy statements, formal declarations of privacy and security policy, to their e-commerce web sites in an attempt to reduce privacy concerns by increasing consumer trust in the firm and reducing the perceived risk associated with e-commerce transactions. This article describes an experiment designed to determine the efficacy of that strategy.

Retail Innovativeness

2014 ◽  
pp. 384-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Gil Saura ◽  
María Eugenia Ruiz Molina ◽  
Gloria Berenguer Contrí
Keyword(s):  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Behavioral Intentions ◽  
Consumer Behaviour ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Consumer Perceptions ◽  
Technological Advancement ◽  
Sustainable Competitive Advantage ◽  
Competitive Environments ◽  
The Relationship

Retailers have to operate in highly competitive environments, where innovation may become a source of sustainable competitive advantage. This chapter aims at exploring the relationship between retail innovativeness and the level of technological advancement as well as the ICT solutions implemented by store chains of four retail activities (e.g. grocery, textile, electronics, and furniture and decoration). In addition to this, the authors test the existence of significant differences in consumer perceptions and behavioral intentions between retailers perceived as high innovators and those considered low innovators. As a result, differences in consumer behaviour are found between high and low innovators that may be explained by the strong relationship between retail innovativeness and the technology implemented by the store. Notwithstanding, these findings are sensitive to the type of product sold by the store.

Do Privacy Statements Really Work?

2011 ◽  
pp. 42-59
Author(s):  
Hamid R. Nemati ◽  
Thomas Van Dyke
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Commerce ◽  
Web Sites ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Security Policy ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Consumer Trust ◽  
Privacy And Security ◽  
Privacy Concerns ◽  
Fair Information Practices ◽  
Privacy Statements

Companies today collect, store and process enormous amounts of information in order to identify, gain, and maintain customers. Electronic commerce and advances in database and communication technology allow business to collect and analyze more personal information with greater ease and efficiency than ever before. This has resulted in increased privacy concerns and a lack of trust among consumers. These concerns have prompted the FCC to call for the use of Fair Information Practices in electronic commerce. Many firms have added privacy statements, formal declarations of privacy and security policy, to their e-commerce web sites in an attempt to reduce privacy concerns by increasing consumer trust in the firm and reducing the perceived risk associated with e-commerce transactions. This article describes an experiment designed to determine the efficacy of that strategy.

Cyber Shopping and Privacy

2002 ◽  
pp. 235-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jatinder N.D. Gupta ◽  
Sushil K. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Data Storage ◽  
Web Sites ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Federal Trade Commission ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
The Other ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Use Of Data ◽  
The World ◽  
Privacy Issues

At times, privacy issues are perceived as a part of security issues, therefore, let us differentiate them. Security refers to the integrity of the data storage, processing and transmitting system and includes concerns about the reliability of hardware and software, the protection against intrusion or infiltration by unauthorized users. Privacy, on the other hand, refers to controlling the dissemination and use of data, including information that is knowingly or unknowingly disclosed. Privacy could also be the by-product of the information technologies themselves (Cate, 1997). Over the past decade, numerous surveys conducted around the world have found consistently high levels of concern about privacy. Many studies (Dorney, 1997; Allard, 1998; Harris and Westin, 1999) found that more than 80% of Net users are concerned about threats to their privacy while online. The Federal Trade Commission discovered (Privacy online: A report to Congress/Federal Trade Commission, United States, Federal Trade Commission, 1998) that many Web sites collect personal information and release the same without the users’ knowledge and permission. There are methods (Adam et al., 1996; Verton, 2000; Wen, 2001; McGuire, 2000; Feghhi, 1999) that make cyber shopping secure, although consumers may still have concerns about security aspects of cyber shopping. How can one keep information about his/her Internet browsing habits to oneself? It’s a challenge in this era of technological advancements. In this chapter, we focus exclusively on privacy issues that arise in cyber shopping. In the recent past, many articles on privacy have appeared in journals. In this chapter, we review these publications on privacy.

scholarly journals Male black widows parasitize mate-searching effort of rivals to find females faster

2019 ◽  
Vol 286 (1908) ◽  
pp. 20191470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine E. Scott ◽  
Sean McCann ◽  
Maydianne C. B. Andrade
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Selection ◽  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Social Information ◽  
Operational Sex Ratio ◽  
Black Widow ◽  
Mate Searching ◽  
Female Receptivity

Mate-searching success is a critical precursor to mating, but there is a dearth of research on traits and tactics that confer a competitive advantage in finding potential mates. Theory and available empirical evidence suggest that males locate mates using mate-attraction signals produced by receptive females (personal information) and avoid inadvertently produced cues from rival males (social information) that indicate a female has probably already mated. Here, we show that western black widow males use both kinds of information to find females efficiently, parasitizing the searching effort of rivals in a way that guarantees competition over mating after reaching a female's web. This tactic may be adaptive because female receptivity is transient, and we show that (i) mate searching is risky (88% mortality) and (ii) a strongly male-biased operational sex ratio (from 1.2 : 1 to more than 10 : 1) makes competition inevitable. Males with access to rivals' silk trails moved at higher speeds than those with only personal information, and located females even when personal information was unreliable or absent. We show that following rivals can increase the potential for sexual selection on females as well as males and argue it may be more widespread in nature than is currently realized.

Integrating perspectives: How the development of second-personal competence lays the foundation for a second-personal morality

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Corbit ◽  
Chris Moore
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Developmental Process ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Personal Competence ◽  
Triadic Interactions ◽  
Personal Morality ◽  
Integrative Process

Abstract The integration of first-, second-, and third-personal information within joint intentional collaboration provides the foundation for broad-based second-personal morality. We offer two additions to this framework: a description of the developmental process through which second-personal competence emerges from early triadic interactions, and empirical evidence that collaboration with a concrete goal may provide an essential focal point for this integrative process.

scholarly journals A Learning Analytics Framework to Analyze Corporal Postures in Students Presentations

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1525
Author(s):  
Felipe Vieira ◽  
Cristian Cechinel ◽  
Vinicius Ramos ◽  
Fabián Riquelme ◽  
Rene Noel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Pattern Mining ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Sequential Pattern Mining ◽  
Complex Problem ◽  
Sequential Pattern ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Professional Relationships

Communicating in social and public environments are considered professional skills that can strongly influence career development. Therefore, it is important to proper train and evaluate students in this kind of abilities so that they can better interact in their professional relationships, during the resolution of problems, negotiations and conflict management. This is a complex problem as it involves corporal analysis and the assessment of aspects that until recently were almost impossible to quantitatively measure. Nowadays, a number of new technologies and sensors have being developed for the capture of different kinds of contextual and personal information, but these technologies were not yet fully integrated inside learning settings. In this context, this paper presents a framework to facilitate the analysis and detection of patterns of students in oral presentations. Four steps are proposed for the given framework: Data collection, Statistical Analysis, Clustering, and Sequential Pattern Mining. Data Collection step is responsible for the collection of students interactions during presentations and the arrangement of data for further analysis. Statistical Analysis provides a general understanding of the data collected by showing the differences and similarities of the presentations along the semester. The Clustering stage segments students into groups according to well-defined attributes helping to observe different corporal patterns of the students. Finally, Sequential Pattern Mining step complements the previous stages allowing the identification of sequential patterns of postures in the different groups. The framework was tested in a case study with data collected from 222 freshman students of Computer Engineering (CE) course at three different times during two different years. The analysis made it possible to segment the presenters into three distinct groups according to their corporal postures. The statistical analysis helped to assess how the postures of the students evolved throughout each year. The sequential pattern mining provided a complementary perspective for data evaluation and helped to observe the most frequent postural sequences of the students. Results show the framework could be used as a guidance to provide students automated feedback throughout their presentations and can serve as background information for future comparisons of students presentations from different undergraduate courses.

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