Commitment Devices

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-35
Author(s):  
Michael Möcker
Keyword(s):  
Standard Model ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Signaling Game ◽  
Control Problems ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
Signaling Effect ◽  
The Future ◽  
Commitment Devices ◽  
Commitment Device

Commitment devices are regularly celebrated as an easy-to-use, budget way to dodge self-control problems. Analysis of a Bénabou and Tirole-style signaling game (2004) casts doubts on this view. Adding a commitment device to the standard model reveals difficulties: An agent relying on a commitment device to restrain his future self is less restrained in the present. Committing to do an unpleasant activity in the future leads to procrastination as the signaling effect of doing it now disappears. Therefore some agents may be better off without access to commitment devices. Policy implications are discussed.

scholarly journals Appointments: A More Effective Commitment Device for Health Behaviors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Derksen ◽  
Jason Theodore Kerwin ◽  
Natalia Ordaz Reynoso ◽  
Olivier Sterck
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Control Problems ◽  
Limited Memory ◽  
Memory Problems ◽  
Simple Alternative ◽  
Commitment Devices ◽  
Commitment Device

Health behaviors are plagued by self-control problems, and commitment devices are frequently proposed as a solution. We show that a simple alternative works even better: appointments. We randomly offer HIV testing appointments and financial commitment devices to high-risk men in Malawi. Appointments are much more effective than financial commitment devices, more than doubling testing rates. In contrast, most men who take up financial commitment devices lose their investments. Appointments address procrastination without the potential drawback of commitment failure, and also address limited memory problems. Appointments have the potential to increase demand for healthcare in the developing world.

Are Defined Contribution Plans a Commitment Device?

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 234-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Guo ◽  
Michael Finke
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Wealth Accumulation ◽  
Defined Contribution ◽  
Defined Contribution Plans ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Future ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Commitment Devices ◽  
Commitment Device

Many who want to save more for retirement are tripped up by short-run temptations. Yet, some can still achieve their goals by using commitment devices to limit suboptimal behavior. Defined contribution plans in the United States resemble a commitment device because they are framed as savings for the future and penalize early withdrawals. This study investigates whether defined contribution plans are particularly useful for households that value the future and exhibit self-control problems. We find that participation in defined contribution plans has a greater impact on wealth accumulation among households with hyperbolic preferences. Our results suggest that those who find it difficult to resist short-run temptation can achieve long-run goals through the use of less liquid accounts and automated savings.

scholarly journals Decay of standard model-like Higgs boson H_1→Z_γ in the simplest 3-3-1 model

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (19) ◽  
pp. 140-143
Author(s):  
Tho Vu Quang ◽  
Hong Trinh Thi ◽  
Thanh Truong Tien
Keyword(s):  
Higgs Boson ◽  
Standard Model ◽  
Numerical Investigation ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
The Future ◽  
New Particles

The decays of the Higgs boson H_1→Z_γ are discussed in the simplest 3-3-1 model. Analytic formulas for one-loop contributions were constructed using well-known general results. We will show that new particles predicted by this simplest 3-3-1 model may gice significant effects to this decay of the standard model-like Higgs boson. From numerical investigation, some details and properties of this decay are presented. the may be useful for comparing with the experimental results that will be detected in the future.

scholarly journals Teamwork as a Self-Disciplining Device

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Fahn ◽  
Hendrik Hakenes
Keyword(s):  
Self Control ◽  
Team Formation ◽  
Improve Performance ◽  
Relational Contract ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Future ◽  
Future Utility ◽  
Commitment Device

We show that team formation can serve as an implicit commitment device to overcome problems of self-control. If individuals have present-biased preferences, effort that is costly today but rewarded at some later point in time is too low from the perspective of an individual’s long-run self. If agents interact repeatedly and can monitor each other, a relational contract involving teamwork can help to improve performance. The mutual promise to work harder is credible because the team breaks up after an agent has not kept this promise, which leads to individual underproduction in the future, reducing future utility. (JEL D11, D71, D86, M54)

scholarly journals General discussion on g-2

2018 ◽  
Vol 179 ◽  
pp. 01008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Knecht
Keyword(s):  
Standard Model ◽  
Magnetic Moment ◽  
Anomalous Magnetic Moment ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
The Future ◽  
Charged Leptons

Progress made on the theoretical aspects of the standard model contributions to the anomalous magnetic moment of the charged leptons since the first FCCP Workshop on Capri in 2015 is reviewed. Emphasis is in particular given to the various cross-checks that have already become available, or might become available in the future, for several important contributions.

scholarly journals Υ(nS)→Bc⁎π,Bc⁎KDecays with Perturbative QCD Approach

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junfeng Sun ◽  
Yueling Yang ◽  
Qin Chang ◽  
Gongru Lu ◽  
Jinshu Huang
Keyword(s):  
Elementary Particle ◽  
Standard Model ◽  
Perturbative Qcd ◽  
Weak Interactions ◽  
Branching Ratios ◽  
Electromagnetic Decay ◽  
Decay Modes ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Absolute

Besides the traditional strong and electromagnetic decay modes,Υ(nS)meson can also decay through the weak interactions within the standard model of elementary particle. With anticipation of copiousΥ(nS)data samples at the running LHC and coming SuperKEKB experiments, the two-body nonleptonic bottom-changingΥ(nS)→Bc⁎π,Bc⁎Kdecays (n=1,2,3) are investigated with perturbative QCD approach firstly. The absolute branching ratios forΥ(nS)→Bc⁎πandBc⁎Kdecays are estimated to reach up to about10-10and10-11, respectively, which might possibly be measured by the future experiments.

scholarly journals Self-Control and Demand for Preventive Health: Evidence from Hypertension in India

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-55
Author(s):  
Liang Bai ◽  
Benjamin Handel ◽  
Edward Miguel ◽  
Gautam Rao
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Preventive Health ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Control Problems ◽  
Doctor Visit ◽  
Present Bias ◽  
Doctor Visits ◽  
Commitment Devices ◽  
Number Of Individuals

Self-control problems constitute a potential explanation for the under-investment in preventive health in low-income countries. Behavioral economics offers a tool to solve such problems: commitment devices. We conduct a field experiment to evaluate the effectiveness of different types of theoretically-motivated commitment contracts in increasing preventive doctor visits by hypertensive patients in rural India. Despite achieving high take-up of such contracts in some treatment arms, we find no effects on actual doctor visits or individual health outcomes. A substantial number of individuals pay for commitment but fail to follow through on the doctor visit, losing money without experiencing health benefits. We develop and structurally estimate a pre-specified model of consumer behavior under present bias with varying levels of naivete. The results are consistent with a large share of individuals being partially naive about their own self-control problems: sophisticated enough to demand some commitment, but overly optimistic about whether a given level of commitment is sufficiently strong to be effective. The results suggest that commitment devices may in practice be welfare diminishing, at least in some contexts, and serve as a cautionary tale about their role in health care.

scholarly journals Search for Hidden Particles in Intensity Frontier Experiment SHiP

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (8) ◽  
pp. 689
Author(s):  
V. M. Gorkavenko
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Standard Model ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Neutrino Oscillations ◽  
New Physics ◽  
Baryon Asymmetry ◽  
Heavy Particles ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Universe

Despite the undeniable success of the Standard Model of particle physics (SM), there are some phenomena (neutrino oscillations, baryon asymmetry of the Universe, dark matter, etc.) that SM cannot explain. This phenomena indicate that the SM have to be modified. Most likely, there are new particles beyond the SM. There are many experiments to search for new physics that can be can divided into two types: energy and intensity frontiers. In experiments of the first type, one tries to directly produce and detect new heavy particles. In experiments of the second type, one tries to directly produce and detect new light particles that feebly interact with SM particles. The future intensity frontier SHiP experiment (Search for Hidden Particles) at the CERN SPS is discussed. Its advantages and technical characteristics are given.

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