(Liquid + Liquid) Equilibrium for Ternary System of (Water + Phenol + Cyclohexane) at T = 298.2 K

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-84
Author(s):  
Hossein Ghanadzadeh ◽  
Milad Sangashekan ◽  
Shahin Asan
Keyword(s):  
Ternary System ◽  
Root Mean Square ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Distribution Coefficients ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Liquid Equilibrium ◽  
Separation Factors ◽  
Experimental Solubility ◽  
Tie Line

Experimental solubility curves and tie-line data for the (water + phenol + 2-ethyl-1-hexanol) system was obtained at T = 298.2 K and atmospheric pressure. The tie-line data was determined by techniques karl-fischer and refractometry. This ternary system exhibits type-2 behavior of LLE. Distribution coefficients and separation factors were measured to evaluate the extracting ability of the solvent. The consistency of the experimental tie-line data was determined through the Othmer–Tobias and Bachman equations. The data were correlated with the NRTL (a = 0.25) and UNIQUAC models and the parameters estimated present root mean square deviations below 0.50%.

Liquid-Liquid Equilibrium of the Ternary System Water/Formic Acid/1-Pentanol at T= 308.2 K

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossein Ghanadzadeh ◽  
Shahin Asan ◽  
Milad Sangashekan
Keyword(s):  
Ternary System ◽  
Formic Acid ◽  
Ambient Pressure ◽  
Distribution Coefficients ◽  
Liquid Equilibrium ◽  
Separation Factors ◽  
Mass Fractions ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Calculated Mass

Liquid–liquid equilibrium data for the (water + Formic acid + 1-pentanol) ternary system were determined at T = (308.2) K in ambient pressure. This ternary system exhibits type-1 behavior of LLE. Distribution coefficients and separation factors were measured to evaluate the extracting capacity of the solvent. The consistency of the experimental tie-line data was determined through the Othmer–Tobias and Bachman equations. The raw experimental data were correlated using the NRTL and UNIQUAC models. The average root-mean-square deviation between the experimental and calculated mass fractions was 0.488% and 0.465%.

scholarly journals Liquid−Liquid Extraction of Linalool from Methyl Eugenol with 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium Hydrogen Sulfate [EMIM][HSO4] Ionic Liquid

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 564-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuğba Erkoç ◽  
Lutfullah M. Sevgili ◽  
Selva Çavuş
Keyword(s):  
Ternary System ◽  
Distribution Coefficients ◽  
Methyl Eugenol ◽  
Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Hydrogen Sulfate ◽  
Liquid Equilibrium ◽  
Separation Factors ◽  
Lle Data

AbstractThe liquid–liquid equilibrium (LLE) data for a ternary system {methyl eugenol + linalool +1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate [EMIM][HSO4]} (Meu-Lin-IL) were measured at 298.2 K and atmospheric pressure. The Othmer–Tobias correlation was used to verify the reliability of the experimental tie-line data. The solubility curves were obtained using the cloud point titration indicating the liquid-liquid equilibrium of the ternary system was in Type II class where two immiscible curve pairs were attained. Distribution coefficients, separation factors and selectivity were calculated for the immiscibility regions. The calculated results were compared with the experimental data. Characterization studies were performed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-NMR) techniques.

scholarly journals LIQUID-LIQUID EQUILIBRIA OF THE WATER+ETHANOL+DIMETHYL ADIPATE TERNARY SYSTEM

2002 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 19-31
Author(s):  
Erol Ince ◽  
S. ismail Kirbaslar
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Phase Equilibrium ◽  
Distribution Coefficients ◽  
Liquid Equilibrium ◽  
Immiscibility Region ◽  
Separation Factors ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Dimethyl Adipate ◽  
Tie Line ◽  
System Water

Liquid-liquid equilibrium data for the terna1y system water-ethanol-dimethyl adipate (dibasic ester) have been determined experimentally at 298.15±0.20, 308.15±0.20, and 318.15±0.20 K. Tie-line compositions were correlated by the Othmer-Tobias method. The UNIFAC method was used to predict the phase equilibrium in the system using the interaction parameters determined from experimental data between the CH3, CH2, OH, CH3COO and H20 groups. Distribution coefficients and separation factors were evaluated for the immiscibility region

scholarly journals Malay Version of Exercise Self-Efficacy: A Confirmatory Analysis among Malaysians with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 922 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aizuddin Hidrus ◽  
Yee Cheng Kueh ◽  
Bachok Norsa’adah ◽  
Garry Kuan
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Root Mean Square ◽  
Transtheoretical Model ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Final Model

Exercise self-efficacy (ESE) is one of the psychological constructs in the Transtheoretical Model (TTM). The objective of the present study is to assess the validity and reliability of the Malay version of Exercise self-efficacy scale (ESE-M) among Malaysians with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). A cross-sectional study design with convenience sampling method using a self-administered questionnaire was carried out. Participants were invited to complete the ESE-M with 18 items. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted and composite reliability (CR) was computed using Mplus 8. A total of 331 Malaysians with T2DM with a mean age of 63 years old (Standard Deviation = 0.57) completed the questionnaire. Most of the participants were male (52%) and Malay (89.4%). Two initial CFA models (single factor and three factors) of ESE-M scale were tested and they did not fit to the data well. Several re-specifications of the models were conducted. The final model for the ESE-M showed improvement on the value of model fit indices for the single factor model (comparative fit index (CFI) = 0.952, Tucker and Lewis index (TLI) = 0.938, standardised root mean square (SRMR) = 0.044, root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) = 0.054) and three factors model (CFI = 0.891, TLI = 0.863, SRMR = 0.049, RMSEA = 0.081). The CR for the self-efficacy factor was 0.921 (single factor), while CR for internal feelings, competing demands and situational (three factors) were 0.762, 0.818 and 0.864, respectively. The final model of single factor ESE-M showed better fit to the data compared to the three factors ESE-M. This indicated that the single factor ESE-M is more suitable to be adopted for future study among Malaysians with T2DM.

scholarly journals Parameter Interaksi Biner Kesetimbangan Uap-Cair Campuran yang Melibatkan Alkohol Rantai Bercabang atau Aseton untuk Optimasi Proses Pemurnian Bioetanol

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asalil Mustain ◽  
Khalimatus Sa'diyah ◽  
Agung Ari Wibowo ◽  
Dhoni Hartanto
Keyword(s):  
Root Mean Square ◽  
Root Mean Square Deviation ◽  
Interaction Parameters ◽  
Binary Interaction ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Mean Square Deviation ◽  
Liquid Equilibrium ◽  
Vapor Liquid Equilibrium ◽  
Binary Interaction Parameters ◽  
Vapor Liquid

Parameter interaksi biner kesetimbangan uap-cair campuran yang melibatkan alkohol rantai bercabang atau aseton telah ditentukan pada penelitian ini. Data kesetimbangan uap-cair kondisi isobarik pada tekanan atmosferik telah dipilih total sebanyak 14 sistem. Data kesetimbangan tersebut kemudian dikorelasikan dengan model koefisien aktifitas Wilson, Non-Random Two-Liquid (NRTL) dan Universal Quasi-Chemical (UNIQUAC) untuk diperoleh parameter interaksi binernya. Parameter tersebut ditentukan sebagai fungsi suhu pada penelitian ini untuk meningkatkan kemampuannya dalam aplikasi pada kisaran suhu yang panjang. Korelasi menunjukkan hasil yang baik dikarenakan root mean square deviation (RMSD) antara data eksperimental dengan hasil perhitungan relatif kecil. Sebagai tambahan, perilaku masing-masing sistem biner tersebut juga diamati pada kesempatan ini. Parameter yang diperoleh dapat digunakan untuk optimasi desain kolom distilasi pada proses pemurnian produksi bioetanol.The binary interaction parameters of vapor-liquid equilibrium for the mixtures involving branched-chain higher alcohols or acetone have been determined in this study. Isobaric vapor-liquid equilibrium data at atmospheric pressure have been selected for a total of 14 systems. The VLE data were then correlated with the Wilson, Non-Random Two-Liquid (NRTL) and Universal Quasi-Chemical (UNIQUAC) activity coefficient models to obtain its binary interaction parameters. The parameters were determined as the temperature-dependent in this study to increase its ability in wide temperature range applications. The correlations showed good results because the root mean square deviation (RMSD) between the experimental data and calculation values were relatively low. In addition, the behavior of each binary systems were also observed in this study. The obtained parameters could be used to optimize the distillation column design in the purification process of bioethanol production.

Liquid-Liquid Equilibria for Linalool in Aqueous Alcohol Mixtures

2013 ◽  
Vol 634-638 ◽  
pp. 1022-1025 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heng De Li ◽  
Cheng Huang ◽  
Xiao Zhong Ma ◽  
Yu Qing Feng
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Ternary Mixtures ◽  
Aqueous Alcohol ◽  
Liquid Equilibrium ◽  
Uniquac Model ◽  
Extended Uniquac ◽  
Extended Uniquac Model ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Ethanol System ◽  
Tie Line

Liquid-liquid equilibrium tie-line data were examined at atmospheric pressure and at 298.15 K for ternary mixtures of (water + methanol + linalool) as well as (water + ethanol + linalool). The distribution ratios of alcohol between organic and aqueous phases are discussed. The immiscible area of (water + methanol + linalool) system is wider than that for the ethanol system. The experimental liquid–liquid equilibrium data were satisfactorily fitted by means of an extended UNIQUAC model.

Liquid-Liquid Equillibria for the (Water + Methanol + Citral) System at 283.15 and 313.15 K

2013 ◽  
Vol 634-638 ◽  
pp. 408-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Huang ◽  
Heng De Li ◽  
Yan Yan ◽  
Yong Tao Han
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Liquid Equilibrium ◽  
Uniquac Model ◽  
Extended Uniquac ◽  
Extended Uniquac Model ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Tie Line

Isobaric liquid-liquid equilibrium tie-line data were determined at atmospheric pressure and at 283.15 and 313.15 K for the mixture (water + methanol +citral). The miscibility for the ternary (water + methanol + citral) LLE was increasing as the temperature increased. The experimental liquid–liquid equilibrium data have been satisfactorily represented by using an extended UNIQUAC model.

scholarly journals Liquid-liquid Equilibria for Quaternary System of Eugenol (1) + β-Caryophyllene (2) + 1-Propanol (3) + Water (4) at Temperatures 303.15, 313.15, and 323.15 K

2018 ◽  
Vol 156 ◽  
pp. 02001
Author(s):  
Irwan Hidayatulloh ◽  
Nurcahyo Nugroho ◽  
Gede Wibawa ◽  
Kuswandi Kuswandi
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Quaternary System ◽  
Capillary Column ◽  
Equilibrium Composition ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Mean Square Deviation ◽  
Liquid Equilibrium ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Temperature Controlled ◽  
Lle Data

In this work, the experimental liquid–liquid equilibrium (LLE) data were measured for quaternary mixtures of eugenol(1) + β–caryophyllene(2) + 1-propanol(3) + water(4) at temperatures 303.15, 313.15, and 323.15 K and at atmospheric pressure. The equilibrium data ware determined by using an equilibrium cell with temperature controlled. Quantitive analysis was performed by using gas chromatography (GC) equipped with thermal conductivity detector and capillary column Rtx-5. The experimental data were then correlated by using the NRTL and the UNIQUAC models. The reliability of these models were tested by compared with the experimental results using a root mean square deviation (RMSD). Based on the RMSD, the NRTL and the UNIQUAC models suited really well and give satisfactory result for the system of eugenol, β–caryophyllene, 1-propanol, and water with the average RMSD of the UNIQUAC and the NRTL models were 0.417% and 0.502%, respectively. Furthermore there was no significant effect of temperatures on the equilibrium composition for the system.

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