Comparison and Evaluation of Organizational Transactions for Continuous Auditing and Business Compliance

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Rui Pedro Marques ◽  
Henrique Santos ◽  
Carlos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Internal Control ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Continuous Auditing ◽  
Technical Details ◽  
Ontological Model ◽  
High Level ◽  
Execution Pattern

This article presents a comparator module which aims to compare, in real time, executions of organizational transactions with patterns of behaviors of these transaction executions, allowing the determination of which execution pattern is being followed by running each transaction. This is according to information received by the internal control mechanisms, which continuously monitors the transaction executions. A possible application using this module was deployed and results were obtained from a case study. The results prove effectiveness of the module, mainly because it is able to assess business compliance and the qualitative risk associated to each transaction execution while it is running, enabling an efficient continuous auditing application. The innovation of this article is ensured by the use of an ontological model to represent organizational transactions, which can be applicable to any type of transaction in any business area in order to audit transactions at a very low level, contrary to what happens in traditional auditing, which occurs at a high level (e.g. compare whether a completed transaction has followed a set of procedures). Besides the conceptualization, this work presents some technical details of development and discussion of results from the case study.

Governance Practices and CEO Hubris

2021 ◽  
pp. 161-182
Author(s):  
Paola Ferretti ◽  
Cristina Gonnella
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Internal Control ◽  
Financial Distress ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Power Dynamics ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Managerial Entrenchment ◽  
Governance Practices

This chapter analyzes the connection between CEO hubris and corporate governance contingencies, including a case study of an Italian bank for which the state of financial distress shall be linkable also to bad governance. The main objective is to verify whether, in presence of hubristic CEO, the internal control mechanisms, set to ensure the board vigilance and limit the overconfidence of the leader, are implemented, and if so, whether such mechanisms, even when formally respected, may be not so appropriate to guarantee a good governance. Particularly, the existence of a CEO hubris could neutralize their positive expected balancing effects on the power dynamics between CEO and board, such as to give prevalence to substance over form. Therefore, it may occur that some governance mechanisms (e.g., independence, non-duality), even if formally implemented, are unable to stem the managerial entrenchment of the CEO, who succeeds in enhancing immoderately his substantial power in the decision-making process.

Modeling of Ethylene in Pipeline Leak Detection System

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakob Bu¨chert
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Leak Detection ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Time Model ◽  
Pump Stations ◽  
Pipeline Model ◽  
Improve Determination

This paper describes experiences with an improved equation of state (EOS) for ethylene for an existing real time pipeline model. The main scope of the model is leak detection, batch, contaminant and pig tracking. Altogether the pipeline model includes transportation of batched liquid ethylene, ethane, propane, butane and natural gas liquids (NGL). The pipeline is approximately 1900 miles miles long and includes laterals, 33 pump stations, 9 injection/delivery stations and 5 propane terminals. Originally the model used a BWRS EOS for all the above products. At that time a number of false leak alarms were experienced related to pipeline sections containing ethylene. A case study was carried out, specifically for ethylene, to investigate the effect of replacing the BWRS EOS with a modified Helmholtz EOS. The study showed that replacing the EOS on average would improve determination of the ethylene densities by 1.6%–5.6% with an expected reduction in the alarm rate for ethylene cases by approximately 50%. As a result the modified Helmholtz EOS was implemented in the real time model. Results are presented to show the practical experience with the new EOS gained over the last years.

scholarly journals Early determination of fetal sex in goat a comparison between real time PCR and ultrasonography

2022 ◽  
Vol 951 (1) ◽  
pp. 012059
Author(s):  
S A Hussein ◽  
K M Karam
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Maternal Blood ◽  
Fetal Sex ◽  
Blood Specimens ◽  
High Level ◽  
Pcr Techniques ◽  
Very High ◽  
Genital Tubercle

Abstract The point of the current study is to assess the productivity of the real time PCR and ultrasound techniques in early determination of fetal sex in Iraqi singleton pregnant goats. Our investigation has been led in Iraq, Al-Diwanya city from 10/8/2020 – 15/1/2021. The examination incorporates 45 singleton pregnant Iraqi goats, which initially inspected by ultrasound to affirm pregnancy and to decide the fetal sex depending on the restriction of the genital tubercle of the goat fetuses, after that, blood specimens had been gathered from the jugular vein of all examined does to detect fetal sex by discovery of AMLX and SRY genes in the circling cells free fetal DNA (ccffDNA) in these maternal blood specimens by utilizing real time PCR. Our outcomes showed an exceptionally high level of accuracy in real time PCR in contrast with the ultrasound strategy. The outcomes were affirmed by the true fetal sex after parturition in the inspected does. The complete symptomatic rate were 51.11% (23/45) and 97.78% (44/45) for ultrasound and PCR strategies separately. The exactness level of genuine analyzed female and male caprine kidding were 58.33% (7/12), 48.48% (16/33), and 100% (12/12), 96.97% (32/33) for ultrasound and real time PCR techniques separately. While the exactness rates of the two techniques utilized in this investigation for early caprine fetal sexing in respect to early pregnancies periods analyzed uncovered 100% (13/13), 96.3% (26/27), 100% (5/5), and 61.54% (8/13), 40.74% (11/27), 80% (4/5) in early pregnancy periods (58-62, 63-67, 68-73) days for real time PCR and ultrasound strategies individually. In conclusion our outcomes revealed a huge predominant exactness and productivity in fetal sexing in Iraqi singleton pregnant does in early development periods, with very high accuracy in real time PCR in compare to ultrasound techniques.

scholarly journals Teleteaching with large groups: A case study from the Monash experience

1999 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith Tennant
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Academic Staff ◽  
Learning Experience ◽  
High Level ◽  
Training And Support ◽  
Large Groups ◽  
And Training ◽  
Current Practices

<span>Teleteaching, though in a relatively early stage at Monash University, has the potential to provide a conduit for high level interaction between students and staff on various campuses in 'real time'. Whilst the technology holds valuable potential, there are unresolved discrepancies between 'what can be done' and the academics' understandings and common practice of 'what is actually being done' with teleteaching. It is only through research into current practices and attitudes that an understanding will be gained of the strategies that need to be adopted to ensure that teleteaching becomes an enriching learning experience for staff and students alike.</span><p>This article focuses on the perceptions and practices of staff within the realm of current training and support. It aims to provide an understanding of difficulties experienced in the use of teleteaching, and to suggest solutions emerging from the research. To illustrate current practices and attitudes towards the use of teleteaching, this paper reports on a study conducted by Tennant (1997) into the use of teleteaching at Monash University to deliver lectures between two campuses. The paper concentrates on andragogical, interaction and training issues in teleteaching with large groups of students as seen through the eyes of both academic staff and students.</p>

THE EFFECT OF INTERNAL AUDITORS AND INTERNAL CONTROL ON COMPANY PERFORMANCE (Case study in Sukoharjo Regency)

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Bayu Murti ◽  
Anita Wijayanti ◽  
Endang Masitoh
Keyword(s):  
Internal Control ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Company Performance ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Internal Auditor ◽  
Internal Auditors ◽  
Performance Variables

The purpose of this study is (1) to determine the effect of internal auditors on Company Performance (2) to determine the effect of internal controls on company performance. This research was conducted in 4 manufacturing companies in Sukoharjo regency. The number of respondents in this study is 50 respondents from 50 questionnaires that have been distributed. Respondents in this study are internal auditor staff who work in a company. The method used is purposive sampling method. Data analysis method uses multiple linear regression analysis and the process of using SPSS 22. Determination of the coefficient of adjusted R Squared testing results of 0.37 indicates that 37% of the company's performance variables can be explained by internal auditor and internal control variables, while 63% is explained by factors other than research. From the tests that have been carried out f test and t-test, the research shows that (1) internal auditors affect the company's performance as evidenced by comparing the value of t count> t table at a significant 5% is 2,175> 2,0129 (2) internal control affects the company's performance with the proof proved by comparing the value of t count> t table at 5% significant is 4,751> 2,0129.

Real-Time Determination of Orthometric Heights Accurate to the Centimeter Level Using a Single GPS Receiver: Case Study

2006 ◽  
Vol 132 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. El-Mowafy ◽  
H. Fashir ◽  
A. Al Habbai ◽  
Y. Al Marzooqi ◽  
T. Babiker
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Gps Receiver ◽  
Time Determination ◽  
Orthometric Heights

scholarly journals Safe Blast Design for Efficient and Sustainable Underwater Excavation: Art Meets Science!

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
BALAMADESWARAN P ◽  
A.K. Mishra ◽  
E. Kumar ◽  
K. Manikanda Bharath
Keyword(s):  
Fragment Size ◽  
Blast Design ◽  
Drilling Parameters ◽  
Powder Factor ◽  
Proper Design ◽  
Aqueous Layer ◽  
High Level ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Most of the dredging work associated with harbor, port, channel deepening, and other related operation requires underwater blasting due to the characteristics of material being dredged / moved. Underwater blasting is typically used to remove rocks for deepen harbours and channels, creating channels and levees, installing conduits, and other more specialised blasting operations that shall be completed below sea. Usually, such dredging work occurs in deep-water of varying between 16–20m in order to remove just few meters of rocks. Hence, this type of blasting activity needs high level of skill and familiarity than equivalent activities carried out above the surface of water because of aqueous layer over the its rock. Therefore, the factors such as selection of drilling parameters and drilling equipment, selection of appropriate explosives and accessories, usage of correct powder factor, determination of safe explosive charges per delay and selection of suitable personnel are studied carefully for accomplishing the successful underwater blasting operations. In addition to the above, the system shall also address the proper design for the underwater blasts to excavate the rock to the required depth keeping in view the permissible allowances of minimum and maximum depth and fragment size required. While adopting underwater blasts, adequate safety measures are also defined for safety of men, other vessels in the blasting zone and structures from blasting vibrations. Here, the authors broadly outline their approach with respect to underwater blasting using the existing blasting technology, with a case study.

scholarly journals Corruption and internal control weaknesses. Case study Romania

10.26458/1515 ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Luminiţa IONESCU
Keyword(s):  
Internal Control ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Global Risk ◽  
State Collapse ◽  
Doing Business ◽  
Weather Events ◽  
Financial Expertise ◽  
High Level ◽  
Strong Control

Corruption represents one of the major causes of poverty all over the world and European Union is fighting against it. In the last few years, the corruption phenomenon registered a high level in some European countries and became one of the most problematic factors for doing business, due to the evolution of the perceived top five global risks: interstate conflict and regional consequences, extreme weather events, failure of national governance, state collapse or crises, high structural unemployment or underemployment              (WEF-Global Risk Report 2015, p. 14).One of the modalities in combating corruption is implementing the internal control and most of the governments and organizations adopted strong control techniques. Most of the control weaknesses are related to the financial procedures and the number of controllers. Some of the controllers do not have enough financial expertise or do not understand the importance of informatics systems. 

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