Institutional Reforms and Interaction of Local Governments

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-33
Author(s):  
Georges Sarafopoulos ◽  
Panagiotis G. Ioannidis
Keyword(s):  
Nash Equilibrium ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Complex Dynamics ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Replicator Dynamics ◽  
Discrete Dynamical System ◽  
Period Doubling ◽  
Box Dimension ◽  
Existence And Stability ◽  
The Stability

The paper considers the interaction between regions during the implementation of a reform, on regional development through a discrete dynamical system based on replicator dynamics. The existence and stability of equilibria of this system are studied. The authors show that the parameter of the local prosperity may change the stability of equilibrium and cause a structure to behave chaotically. For the low values of this parameter the game has a stable Nash equilibrium. Increasing these values, the Nash equilibrium becomes unstable, through period-doubling bifurcation. The complex dynamics, bifurcations and chaos are displayed by computing numerically Lyapunov numbers, sensitive dependence on initial conditions and the box dimension.

scholarly journals Complex Dynamics in a Nonlinear Cobweb Model for Real Estate Market

2007 ◽  
Vol 2007 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junhai Ma ◽  
Lingling Mu
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Demand Function ◽  
Complex Dynamics ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Period Doubling ◽  
Real Estate Market ◽  
Delayed Feedback Control ◽  
Cobweb Model ◽  
Sensitive Dependence ◽  
The Stability

We establish a nonlinear real estate model based on cobweb theory, where the demand function and supply function are quadratic. The stability conditions of the equilibrium are discussed. We demonstrate that as some parameters varied, the stability of Nash equilibrium is lost through period-doubling bifurcation. The chaotic features are justified numerically via computing maximal Lyapunov exponents and sensitive dependence on initial conditions. The delayed feedback control (DFC) method is applied to control the chaos of system.

scholarly journals On a Cournot Game with Bounded Rational Players, Convex, Log-Linear Demand and Consumer Surplus

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georges Sarafopoulos ◽  
Kosmas Papadopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Dynamical System ◽  
Complex Dynamics ◽  
Chaotic Behavior ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Discrete Dynamical System ◽  
Consumer Surplus ◽  
Cournot Oligopoly ◽  
Cournot Game ◽  
Linear Demand ◽  
Log Linear

Based on the Cournot oligopoly game and the nonlinear dynamics theory, we study the behavior of semi-public enterprises by considering corporate social responsibility into their objectives. The model that is established is a dynamical Cournot-type duopoly model with bounded rationality containing the consumer surplus. We suppose quadratic cost function and a convex, log-linear demand function. The game is modeled with a system of two difference equations. Existence and stability of equilibriums of this system are studied. More complex chaotic and unpredictable trajectories are resulted studying this discrete dynamical system. The complex dynamics of the system are demonstrated numerically via computing Lyapunov numbers, sensitivity dependence on initial conditions, and bifurcation diagrams. Keywords: Cournot duopoly game; Discrete dynamical system; Homogeneous expectations; Stability; Chaotic Behavior; Consumer Surplus.

The Existence and Stability of Ultraharmonics and Subharmonics in Forced Nonlinear Oscillations

1954 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 327-335
Author(s):  
T. K. Caughey
Keyword(s):  
Nonlinear Oscillations ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Forced Oscillations ◽  
Order System ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Restoring Force ◽  
Amplitude Frequency Response ◽  
Existence And Stability ◽  
Linearized Theory ◽  
The Stability

Abstract A study is made of the forced oscillations of a second-order system having a small cubic nonlinearity in the restoring force. It is shown that under suitable conditions ultraharmonic or subharmonic motion exists in addition to the harmonic motion which a linearized theory would predict. By studying the stability of such motions it is shown that at points on the amplitude frequency-response curves having vertical tangents, instability and consequently “jumps” occur. A study of the dependence of the motion on the initial conditions reveals that while ultra-harmonic and harmonic motions are rather insensitive to initial conditions, the existence of subharmonic motion can be achieved only for a restricted set of initial conditions.

scholarly journals Nonlinear Complex Dynamics of Carbon Emission Reduction Cournot Game with Bounded Rationality

Complexity ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
LiuWei Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Bounded Rationality ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Carbon Emission ◽  
Complex Dynamics ◽  
Dynamic Properties ◽  
Dynamic Adjustment ◽  
Carbon Emission Reduction ◽  
Cournot Game ◽  
Existence And Stability ◽  
The Stability

Based on the hypothesis of participant’s bounded rationality, our study formulated a novel Cournot duopoly game model of carbon emission reduction and, subsequently, analyzed the dynamic adjustment mechanism of emission reduction for enterprises. The existence and stability of the equilibrium solution of game are further discussed by the nonlinear dynamics theory. Our findings revealed that the parameters have key significance on the dynamic properties of the system. However, when the adjustment speed gets too large, the system loses the original stability and vividly demonstrates complex chaos phenomenon. Higher market prices in carbon trading have an outstanding impact on the stability of the system, which easily leads to system instability. Our study further controlled the chaos behavior of the power system by the delay feedback control. The results of the numerical analysis depict that the unstable behavior of the dynamic system can be controlled efficiently and quickly, in the quest to restore back a stable and orderly market. Our novel method is proved to have provided decision makers with effective solution to market instability.

scholarly journals Complex Dynamics and Synchronization in a System of Magnetically Coupled Colpitts Oscillators

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. K. Kana ◽  
A. Fomethe ◽  
H. B. Fotsin ◽  
E. T. Wembe ◽  
A. I. Moukengue
Keyword(s):  
Complex Dynamics ◽  
Spectral Characteristics ◽  
Period Doubling ◽  
Magnetic Coupling ◽  
Coupled System ◽  
Coupling Factor ◽  
Coupled Systems ◽  
Numerical Exploration ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Parameter Ranges

We propose the use of a simple, cheap, and easy technique for the study of dynamic and synchronization of the coupled systems: effects of the magnetic coupling on the dynamics and of synchronization of two Colpitts oscillators (wireless interaction). We derive a smooth mathematical model to describe the dynamic system. The stability of the equilibrium states is investigated. The coupled system exhibits spectral characteristics such as chaos and hyperchaos in some parameter ranges of the coupling. The numerical exploration of the dynamics system reveals various bifurcations scenarios including period-doubling and interior crisis transitions to chaos. Moreover, various interesting dynamical phenomena such as transient chaos, coexistence of solution, and multistability (hysteresis) are observed when the magnetic coupling factor varies. Theoretical reasons for such phenomena are provided and experimentally confirmed with practical measurements in a wireless transfer.

scholarly journals Complex Dynamics in a Mixed Duopoly Game Based on Relative Profit Maximization

2021 ◽  
pp. 47-57
Author(s):  
Yuqi Dou ◽  
Xingyu Liu
Keyword(s):  
Nash Equilibrium ◽  
Dynamic Systems ◽  
Complex Dynamics ◽  
Rational Expectation ◽  
Profit Maximization ◽  
Mixed Duopoly ◽  
Complex Dynamic ◽  
Discrete Dynamic Systems ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Relative Profit

In this paper, the complex dynamic behavior of a mixed duopoly game model is studied. Based on the principle of relative profit maximization and bounded rational expectation, the corresponding discrete dynamic systems are constructed in the case of nonlinear cost function. In theory, the conditions for the local stability of Nash equilibrium are given. In terms of numerical experiments, bifurcation diagrams are used to depict the effects of product differences, adjustment speed, and other parameters on the stability of Nash equilibrium.

Research on Strategies of Networked Manufacturing Resources Configuration Based on Evolutionary Game

2012 ◽  
Vol 430-432 ◽  
pp. 1330-1334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Zhan ◽  
Jian Sha Lu ◽  
Xue Hong Ji
Keyword(s):  
Complex Dynamics ◽  
Replicator Dynamics ◽  
Evolutionary Game ◽  
Networked Manufacturing ◽  
Evolutionary Mechanisms ◽  
System A ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Existence And Stability ◽  
Manufacturing Resources

Economic theories of managing resources, traditionally assume that individuals are perfectly rational and thus able to compute the optimal configuration strategy that maximizes their profits. The current paper presents an alternative approach based on bounded rationality and evolutionary mechanisms. It is assumed that network node users face a choice between two resource strategies in real networked manufacturing resources configuration problem (NMRCP). The evolution of the distribution of strategies in the population is modeled through a replicator dynamics equation. The latter captures the idea that strategies yielding above average profits are more demanded than strategies yielding below average profits, so that the first type ends up accounting for a larger part in the population. From a mathematical perspective, the combination of resource and evolutionary processes leads to complex dynamics. The paper presents the existence and stability conditions for each steady-state of the system. A main result of the paper is that under certain conditions both strategies can survive in the long-run.

scholarly journals Hopf Bifurcation, Hopf-Hopf Bifurcation, and Period-Doubling Bifurcation in a Four-Species Food Web

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Huayong Zhang ◽  
Ju Kang ◽  
Tousheng Huang ◽  
Xuebing Cong ◽  
Shengnan Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hopf Bifurcation ◽  
Food Web ◽  
Complex Dynamics ◽  
Period Doubling ◽  
Period Doubling Bifurcation ◽  
Food Web Structure ◽  
Center Manifold Theorem ◽  
Dynamical Complexity ◽  
Period 2 ◽  
The Stability

Complex dynamics of a four-species food web with two preys, one middle predator, and one top predator are investigated. Via the method of Jacobian matrix, the stability of coexisting equilibrium for all populations is determined. Based on this equilibrium, three bifurcations, i.e., Hopf bifurcation, Hopf-Hopf bifurcation, and period-doubling bifurcation, are analyzed by center manifold theorem, bifurcation theorem, and numerical simulations. We reveal that, influenced by the three bifurcations, the food web can exhibit very complex dynamical behaviors, including limit cycles, quasiperiodic behaviors, chaotic attractors, route to chaos, period-doubling cascade in orbits of period 2, 4, and 8 and period 3, 6, and 12, periodic windows, intermittent period, and chaos crisis. However, the complex dynamics may disappear with the extinction of one of the four populations, which may also lead to collapse of the food web. It suggests that the dynamical complexity and food web stability are determined by the food web structure and existing populations.

scholarly journals Complexity Analysis of a 3-Player Game with Bounded Rationality Participating in Nitrogen Emission Reduction

Complexity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jixiang Zhang ◽  
Xuan Xi
Keyword(s):  
Nash Equilibrium ◽  
Equilibrium Point ◽  
Bounded Rationality ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Equilibrium Points ◽  
Stable Region ◽  
Nitrogen Emissions ◽  
Nash Equilibrium Point ◽  
The Stability

In this paper, a decision-making competition game model concerning governments, agricultural enterprises, and the public, all of which participate in the reduction of nitrogen emissions in the watersheds, is established based on bounded rationality. First, the stability conditions of the equilibrium points in the system are discussed, and the stable region of the Nash equilibrium is determined. Then, the bifurcation diagram, maximal Lyapunov exponent, strange attractor, and sensitive dependence on the initial conditions are shown through numerical simulations. The research shows that the adjustment speed of three players’ decisions may alter the stability of the Nash equilibrium point and lead to chaos in the system. Among these decisions, a government’s decision has the largest effect on the system. In addition, we find that some parameters will affect the stability of the system; when the parameters become beneficial for enterprises to reduce nitrogen emissions, the increase in the parameters can help control the chaotic market. Finally, the delay feedback control method is used to successfully control the chaos in the system and stabilize it at the Nash equilibrium point. The research of this paper is of great significance to the environmental governance decisions and nitrogen reduction management.

scholarly journals Existence and Stability Results for Second-Order Neutral Stochastic Differential Equations With Random Impulses and Poisson Jumps

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
K. Ravikumar ◽  
K. Ramkumar ◽  
Dimplekumar Chalishajar
Keyword(s):  
Differential Equations ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Mild Solutions ◽  
Functional Differential Equations ◽  
Banach Contraction ◽  
Existence And Stability ◽  
Random Impulses ◽  
Functional Differential ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Stability Results

The objective of this paper is to investigate the existence and stability results of secondorder neutral stochastic functional differential equations (NSFDEs) in Hilbert space. Initially, we establish the existence results of mild solutions of the aforementioned system using the Banach contraction principle. The results are formulated using stochastic analysis techniques. In the later part, we investigate the stability results through the continuous dependence of solutions on initial conditions.

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