Cyberbullying and Traditional Bullying

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zachary R. Myers ◽  
Susan M. Swearer ◽  
Meredith J. Martin ◽  
Raul Palacios
Keyword(s):  
World Wide ◽  
Traditional Bullying ◽  
Cyberbullying Victimization ◽  
Sexual Orientations ◽  
Youth And Young Adults ◽  
On Line ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Minority Participants ◽  
The Relationship

This study sought to advance the authors' understanding of the relationship between traditional bullying (i.e., verbal and physical) and cyberbullying. Data were collected from 1,182 participants, ages 13 to 25 (M = 19.66; SD = 3.03) from 75 different countries via an on-line, world-wide survey. Results found that participants experienced both in-person bullying and cyberbullying (i.e., poly-victimization). Additionally, bisexual, pansexual, or queer participants reported more frequent cyberbullying victimization when compared to both heterosexual and gay or lesbian participants. Sexual minority participants also reported victimization through significantly more electronic sources. Specifically, gay and lesbian, bisexual, pansexual, and queer participants reported higher numbers of victimization modalities when compared to heterosexual participants. Results from this study expand the authors' awareness of the poly-victimization experiences of youth and young adults and fill in important gaps in understanding these experiences for diverse sexual orientations and gender identities.

Cyberbullying and Traditional Bullying

2018 ◽  
pp. 1520-1541
Author(s):  
Zachary R. Myers ◽  
Susan M. Swearer ◽  
Meredith J. Martin ◽  
Raul Palacios
Keyword(s):  
World Wide ◽  
Traditional Bullying ◽  
Cyberbullying Victimization ◽  
Sexual Orientations ◽  
Youth And Young Adults ◽  
On Line ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Minority Participants ◽  
The Relationship

This study sought to advance the authors' understanding of the relationship between traditional bullying (i.e., verbal and physical) and cyberbullying. Data were collected from 1,182 participants, ages 13 to 25 (M = 19.66; SD = 3.03) from 75 different countries via an on-line, world-wide survey. Results found that participants experienced both in-person bullying and cyberbullying (i.e., poly-victimization). Additionally, bisexual, pansexual, or queer participants reported more frequent cyberbullying victimization when compared to both heterosexual and gay or lesbian participants. Sexual minority participants also reported victimization through significantly more electronic sources. Specifically, gay and lesbian, bisexual, pansexual, and queer participants reported higher numbers of victimization modalities when compared to heterosexual participants. Results from this study expand the authors' awareness of the poly-victimization experiences of youth and young adults and fill in important gaps in understanding these experiences for diverse sexual orientations and gender identities.

scholarly journals Gender Differences in the Association Between Cyberbullying Victimization and Perpetration: The Role of Anger Rumination and Traditional Bullying Experiences

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 1252-1267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ágnes Zsila ◽  
Róbert Urbán ◽  
Mark D. Griffiths ◽  
Zsolt Demetrovics
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Traditional Bullying ◽  
Anger Rumination ◽  
Cyberbullying Victimization ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
Bullying Experiences ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Studies investigating the similarities and differences in traditional bullying and cyberbullying experiences have demonstrated considerable gender differences concerning its determinants. The aim of the present study was to provide further evidence for the differential role of determinants for males and females by investigating the moderating role of traditional bullying and anger rumination in the relationship of past cyberbullying victimization and recent cyberbullying perpetration in respect to gender. A total of 1500 Hungarian adolescents and adults (57.9% male, M age = 28.9 years, SD = 8.7) completed an online survey on bullying experiences. Results indicated that males were more likely than females to engage in cyberbullying when they had been previously bullied online. Furthermore, high anger rumination elevated the risk of perpetration among male cyberbullying victims, while repeated victimization in traditional bullying increased the risk of cyberbullying perpetration among females. These results underline the importance of considering gender differences in intervention efforts against bullying.

Parental Responsibility, Blameworthiness, and Bullying: Parenting Style and Adolescents’ Experiences With Traditional Bullying and Cyberbullying

2020 ◽  
pp. 088740342092144
Author(s):  
Ryan Broll ◽  
Dylan Reynolds
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Parenting Styles ◽  
Parental Responsibility ◽  
Traditional Bullying ◽  
School Students ◽  
Adolescent Outcomes ◽  
Cyberbullying Victimization ◽  
Rule Setting ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Indulgent Parenting

Parents are deemed morally—and, increasingly, legally—responsible for their children’s misbehavior, and their parental aptitude is questioned if their children are victimized. Parental responsibility laws and blameworthiness extend to common occurrences like bullying. Literature broadly supports these principles for some offenses through findings that effective parenting styles are associated with improved adolescent outcomes, but evidence about the relationship between parenting styles and bullying is underdeveloped and inconclusive. To study the relationship between parenting styles and traditional bullying and cyberbullying offending and victimization, data were collected from a sample of 435 Canadian middle and high school students. The results suggest that parenting styles are not associated with traditional bullying offending or victimization; however, neglectful parenting was associated with cyberbullying offending and indulgent parenting was associated with cyberbullying victimization. These findings suggest that the demandingness dimension of parenting, which is characterized by rule setting and monitoring, is important for cyberbullying prevention.

A Primary Study on the Relationship between Internet Involvement and Adolescents’ Mental Health

2011 ◽  
Vol 58-60 ◽  
pp. 1336-1343
Author(s):  
Meng Chen ◽  
Hong Sheng Che ◽  
Guo Hua Zhang ◽  
Lina Wang
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Middle School Students ◽  
Internet Use ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Primary Study ◽  
School Students ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Relationship

This study aimed to explore the influence of intention of Internet use, gender and grade on Internet use, adolescents’ mental health and the relationship between them. 323 middle school students completed the full survey. Results: (a) there was a significant negative correlation between Internet involvement and adolescents’ mental health; (b) for adolescents with different intentions of Internet use and of different genders, Internet involvement, mental health and the relationship between them were different. Conclusions: (a) Internet involvement had negative influence on adolescents’ mental health; (b) intention of Internet use and gender could influence Internet involve- ment, adolescents’ mental health and the relationship between them, while grade had no influence.

scholarly journals Introduction

1981 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Pauline Paine
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Sex And Gender ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
New Development ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This special issue of Nexus is devoted to an analysis of concepts of sex and gender in selected Oceanic societies. Interest in the variable ways people construct and perceive gender is a relatively new development in anthropology and reflects a growing appreciation of the cross-cultural diversity in gender forms. However, an understanding of the variable criteria upon which gender can be constructed cannot occur unless accompanied by an awareness of the profound effect Western ideas concerning sex and gender have had upon the interpretation and analysis of gender systems world wide. Much current research rests on Western assumptions, often implicit, concerning the nature of sex and gender and the relationship of men to women. In order to underscore this point, I have chosen, in the introduction, to highlight Western culture's perception of sex and gender in order that we may understand the culture specific meanings and assumptions that such concepts carry. This, I suggest, is essential for an understanding of the papers that follow. In the following article Western notions of sex and gender will be outlined in some detail and their effect on anthropological analysis discussed. Finally, our culture's construction of gender will be juxtaposed with those of selected societies in the Middle East, North America and the Pacific in order to demonstrate the very different, but no less 'real', basis on which gender is constructed elsewhere.

scholarly journals 0795 The Relationship Between Restless Legs Syndrome and Hypothyroidism

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A302-A303
Author(s):  
N Ahmed ◽  
M Kandil ◽  
M Elfil ◽  
A Jamal ◽  
B Koo
Keyword(s):  
Restless Legs Syndrome ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Severity Scale ◽  
Biological Mechanisms ◽  
Restless Legs ◽  
On Line ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Physician Diagnosis ◽  
Shed Light

Abstract Introduction The diurnal nature of RLS and its response to dopamine hint that hormones may be central in RLS pathophysiology. Hypothyroidism has been linked to RLS, but studies are few and limited in scope. We sought to determine whether restless legs syndrome (RLS) is more prevalent in persons with hypothyroidism and whether hypothyroidism is more prevalent in persons with RLS. Methods Persons with hypothyroidism and controls without hypothyroidism were recruited through Research Match, an on-line registry of potential clinical research participants, and assessed for RLS using the Cambridge Hopkins questionnaire. Persons with RLS and controls without RLS were recruited through the RLS Foundation and Research Match and assessed for hypothyroidism by self-report of physician diagnosis. RLS severity was assessed using the International RLS Study Group Severity Scale and cause of hypothyroidism was assessed by self-report. Results 266 hypothyroid subjects and 321 controls were comparable in age (52.3±13.4 vs. 53.9±11.7; p=0.14) and gender (91.7% vs. 91.3% women; p=0.85). 354 RLS and 313 control subjects were comparable in age (59.1±13.2 vs. 58.2±13.6; p=0.41) and gender (80.8% vs. 78.3%; p=0.42). Hypothyroid participants compared to controls had significantly higher RLS prevalence (14.3% vs. 8.1%; p=0.02). RLS participants compared to non-RLS controls had significantly higher hypothyroidism prevalence (22.3% vs. 13.8%; p=0.005). RLS severity was similar in persons with and those without hypothyroidism. Among 73 persons with RLS and comorbid hypothyroidism, 14 previously were hyperthyroid compared to 0 out of 37 persons with hypothyroidism without RLS (p=0.004). Conclusion RLS prevalence is increased in individuals with hypothyroidism and hypothyroidism prevalence is increased in individuals with RLS. Persons with comorbid hypothyroidism and RLS are significantly more likely than those with hypothyroidism alone to have had hyperthyroidism prior to hypothyroidism. The association between RLS and thyroid disease is likely to shed light on the complex biological mechanisms underlying RLS pathophysiology. Support None

The Relationship of Digit Ratio (2D:4D) and Gender-Role Orientation in Four National Samples

2007 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan J. Troche ◽  
Nina Weber ◽  
Karina Hennigs ◽  
Carl-René Andresen ◽  
Thomas H. Rammsayer
Keyword(s):  
Gender Role ◽  
Sex Role ◽  
Role Orientation ◽  
Sexually Dimorphic ◽  
Gender Role Orientation ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Fourth Finger ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. The ratio of second to fourth finger length (2D:4D ratio) is sexually dimorphic with women having higher 2D:4D ratio than men. Recent studies on the relationship between 2D:4D ratio and gender-role orientation yielded rather inconsistent results. The present study examines the moderating influence of nationality on the relationship between 2D:4D ratio and gender-role orientation, as assessed with the Bem Sex-Role Inventory, as a possible explanation for these inconsistencies. Participants were 176 female and 171 male university students from Germany, Italy, Spain, and Sweden ranging in age from 19 to 32 years. Left-hand 2D:4D ratio was significantly lower in men than in women across all nationalities. Right-hand 2D:4D ratio differed only between Swedish males and females indicating that nationality might effectively moderate the sexual dimorphism of 2D:4D ratio. In none of the examined nationalities was a reliable relationship between 2D:4D ratio and gender-role orientation obtained. Thus, the assumption of nationality-related between-population differences does not seem to account for the inconsistent results on the relationship between 2D:4D ratio and gender-role orientation.

The Relationship between Body Image and Exercise Adherence in Fitness Centre Exercising Sample

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (80) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasa Jankauskienė ◽  
Brigita Miežienė
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Exercise Adherence ◽  
Physical Activity Promotion ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social Physique Anxiety ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Activity Promotion ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Body Self ◽  
The Relationship

Research background and hypothesis. The analysis of factors which might infl uence exercise adherence is important issue for physical activity promotion. Studies show that exercisers’ body image is important factor associated with well being, exercise motivation and specifi c exercise–related behaviour.Research aim was is to examine the relationship between exercise adherence, body image and social physique anxiety in a sample of fi tness centre participants. Research methods. Members of fi tness centres (n = 217, 66 of them were women) provided their answers on exercise experience, in three subscales (appearance evaluation, appearance orientation and overweight preoccupation) of The Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire (MBSRQ-AS; Brown et al., 1990) and Social Physique Anxiety Scale (SPAS; Hart et al., 1989). Mean age of the sample was 29.02 (9.85) years (range = 18–68 years).Research results. Women demonstrated higher appearance orientation, overweight preoccupation and social physique anxiety compared to men. However, we observed no signifi cant differences in appearance evaluation, appearance orientation and overweight preoccupation in the groups of different exercise experience of men and women. When overweight respondents (≥ 25 kg / m²) were excluded from the analysis, there were no statistically signifi cant differences observed in body image and social physique anxiety in exercise experience groups of men and women. Exercising longer than 6 years signifi cantly predicted overweight preoccupation [95% CI: 1.25–16.94] controlled by age and gender. Discussion and conclusions. Exercising men demonstrated more positive body image and lower social physique anxiety compared to women, except for appearance evaluation. There were observed no body image and social physique relationships with exercise adherence observed in the sample of fi tness centre participants, however, exercise experience longer than 6 years predicted overweight preoccupation.Keywords: body image concerns, exercise experience, self-presentation.

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