Automated Quantification of Eye Blink Rate Using VIOLA–JONES Algorithm

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 19-32
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hamdan ◽  
Hisham A. Shehadeh
Keyword(s):  
Excellent Agreement ◽  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Blink Rate ◽  
Eye Blink ◽  
Automated Quantification ◽  
Statistical Results

In this article, we have proposed a novel tool that helps to objectively quantify eye blink rate. Using the proposed algorithm, a threshold for normal blink rate can be set to test those who have to reduce eye blink rate and are prone to ocular surface dryness. The statistical results show excellent agreement between software-detected number of blinks and visually measured with 90% accuracy for the participants. In addition, the comparison between our tool and other approaches of eye blink monitoring shows that our tool is competitive with only 5% wasted blinks.

Staring Down Death

Crisis ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 212-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas E. Joiner ◽  
Melanie A. Hom ◽  
Megan L. Rogers ◽  
Carol Chu ◽  
Ian H. Stanley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Clinical Utility ◽  
Blink Rate ◽  
Specific Task ◽  
Careful Planning ◽  
Eye Blink ◽  
Eye Blinks ◽  
Potential Clinical Utility ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. Background: Lowered eye blink rate may be a clinically useful indicator of acute, imminent, and severe suicide risk. Diminished eye blink rates are often seen among individuals engaged in heightened concentration on a specific task that requires careful planning and attention. Indeed, overcoming one’s biological instinct for survival through suicide necessitates premeditation and concentration; thus, a diminished eye blink rate may signal imminent suicidality. Aims: This article aims to spur research and clinical inquiry into the role of eye blinks as an indicator of acute suicide risk. Method: Literature relevant to the potential connection between eye blink rate and suicidality was reviewed and synthesized. Results: Anecdotal, cognitive, neurological, and conceptual support for the relationship between decreased blink rate and suicide risk is outlined. Conclusion: Given that eye blinks are a highly observable behavior, the potential clinical utility of using eye blink rate as a marker of suicide risk is immense. Research is warranted to explore the association between eye blink rate and acute suicide risk.

Spontaneous eye blink rate predicts learning from negative, but not positive, outcomes

2015 ◽  
Vol 71 ◽  
pp. 126-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heleen A. Slagter ◽  
Katerina Georgopoulou ◽  
Michael J. Frank
Keyword(s):  
Blink Rate ◽  
Positive Outcomes ◽  
Eye Blink

scholarly journals Spontaneous Eye Blink Rate during the Working Memory Delay Period Predicts Task Performance

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jefferson Ortega ◽  
Chelsea Reichert Plaska ◽  
Bernard A Gomes ◽  
Timothy M Ellmore
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Task Performance ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Delay Period ◽  
Blink Rate ◽  
Indirect Measure ◽  
Eye Blink ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Spontaneous eye blink rate (sEBR) has been found to be a non-invasive indirect measure of striatal dopamine activity. Dopamine (DA) neurons project to the prefrontal cortex (PFC) through the mesocortical dopamine pathway and their activity is implicated in a range of cognitive functions, including attention and working memory (WM). The goal of the present study was to understand how fluctuations in sEBR during different phases of a working memory task relate to task performance. Across two experiments, with recordings of sEBR inside and outside of a magnetic resonance imaging bore, we observed sEBR to be positively correlated with WM performance during the WM delay period. Additionally we investigated the non-linear relationship between sEBR and WM performance, and modeled a proposed Inverted-U-shape relationship between DA and WM performance. We also investigated blink duration, which is proposed to be related to sustained attention, and found blink duration to be significantly shorter during the encoding and probe periods of the task. Taken together, these results provide support towards sEBR as an important correlate of working memory task performance. The relationship of sEBR to DA activity and the influence of DA on the PFC during WM maintenance is discussed.

scholarly journals Association among Blink Rate, Changes in Ocular Surface Temperature, Tear Film Stability, and Functional Visual Acuity in Patients after Cataract Surgery

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Itokawa ◽  
Yukinobu Okajima ◽  
Takashi Suzuki ◽  
Tatsuhiko Kobayashi ◽  
Yuto Tei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Tear Film ◽  
Blink Rate ◽  
Film Stability ◽  
Tear Film Stability ◽  
Functional Visual Acuity ◽  
Film Group

Purpose. To investigate the association among the ocular surface temperature (OST), tear film stability, functional visual acuity (FVA), and blink rate in patients after cataract surgery. Methods. We recruited 98 eyes of 69 patients (mean age, 73.7 ± 5.2 years) 1 month after phacoemulsification with implantation of acrylic intraocular lenses and assessed slit-lamp microscopy, corrected distance VA, FVA, noninvasive tear breakup time (NIBUT), and OST. We defined the changes in the OST from 0 to 10 seconds after eye opening as the ΔOST. We measured the FVA and blink rate using the FVA measurement system. We divided the patients into two groups based on tear film stability: stable tear film (NIBUT, >5.0 seconds) and unstable tear film (NIBUT, ≤5.0 seconds). We evaluated the differences between the two groups and the association between the blink rate and other clinical parameters. Results. The unstable tear film group (56 eyes) had significantly (p<0.0001, unpaired t-test) shorter NIBUTs than the stable tear film group (42 eyes). The ΔOSTs and blink rates were significantly (p<0.0001) higher in the unstable tear film group than in the stable group. Linear single regression analysis showed that the ΔOST (r = −0.430, p<0.0001), NIBUT (r = −0.392, p<0.0001), and gender (r = −0.370, p=0.0002) were correlated significantly with the blink rate. Multiple regression analysis showed that the ΔOST independently contributed to the blink rate. Conclusions. The frequency of blinks is associated with tear film stability in patients after cataract surgery. The blink rate may be useful for evaluating the tear film stability in clinical practice. The ΔOST should be an important contributing factor to the blink rate. [This trial is registered with UMIN000026970].

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document