scholarly journals Toxicity at the cellular level of artificial synthetic flavorings

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 297
Author(s):  
Ila Monize Sousa Sales ◽  
Jussara Damascena de Oliveira ◽  
Fabelina Karollyne Silva dos Santos ◽  
Lidiane De Lima Feitoza ◽  
João Marcelo de Castro e Sousa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
Root Meristem ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Combined Treatments ◽  
Division Rate ◽  
Cell Division Rate ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Genotoxic Action

 The goal of the present study was to evaluate the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of artificial synthetic flavoring agents cookie and tutti-frutti. To this end, root meristem cells of Allium cepa L. were exposed to these substances in exposure times of 24 and 48 hour using individual doses of 0.3; 0.6 and 0.9 mL and doses combined as follows: 0.3 mL + 0.3 mL; 0.6 mL and 0.9 mL + 0.6 mL + 0.9 mL. After applying the treatments, root meristems were fixed, hydrolyzed, stained and analyzed a total of 5,000 cells using an optical microscope to evaluate each dose and combined treatment. All three doses of cookie flavoring and combined treatments significantly inhibited cell division of the tissue studied. Doses of tutti-frutti caused no change in cell division rate. In addition, doses of both flavorings and treatments combining these solutions induced cell aberrations in a significant number of cells to the A. cepa system. Therefore, under these analytical conditions, cookie flavoring and combined doses were cytotoxic and genotoxic, and tutti-frutti flavoring, although non-cytotoxic, demonstrated genotoxic action. 

scholarly journals Antiproliferative and genotoxic effects of nature identical and artificial synthetic food additives of aroma and flavor

2017 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 150-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. D. M. Nunes ◽  
I. M. S. Sales ◽  
S. I. O. Silva ◽  
J. M. C. Sousa ◽  
A. P. Peron
Keyword(s):  
Root Meristem ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Test Organism ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Passion Fruit ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Division Rate ◽  
Cell Division Rate ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Fruit Flavor

Abstract This study aimed to analyze the antiproliferative and genotoxic potential of synthetic food flavorings, nature identical passion fruit and artificial vanilla. This assessment used root meristem cells of Allium cepa L., in exposure times of 24 and 48 hours and using doses of 0.2; 0.4 and 0.6 mL. Roots were fixed in Carnoy’s solution, hydrolyzed in hydrochloric acid, stained with acetic orcein and analyzed with optical microscope at 400× magnification, 5,000 cells for each treatment. For data analysis, it was used Chi-square test at 5%. Doses of 0.2 mL at ET 48 h; 0.4 and 0.6 mL at ET 24 and 48 h of passion fruit flavor, and the three doses of the vanilla flavor at ET 24 and 48 h significantly reduced the cell division rate in the meristems of roots, proving to be cytotoxic. Doses of 0.2; 0.4 and 0.6 mL of the passion fruit additive, and the three doses of vanilla tested, in the two exposure times, induced mitotic spindle changes and micronuclei formation in the cells of the test organism used, proving to be genotoxic. Therefore, under the studied conditions, flavoring solutions of vanilla and passion fruit, marketed nationally and internationally, significantly altered the functioning of the cell cycle in root meristem cells of A. cepa.

scholarly journals Effect of Nitrogen and Periphyton Extract on the Growth of Nostoc sphaericum in Cultures

ISRN Ecology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Itzel Becerra-Absalón ◽  
Thomas Buhse ◽  
Carlos Polanco ◽  
Rosaluz Tavera
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Tropical Deciduous Forest ◽  
Division Rate ◽  
Wetland Ecosystems ◽  
Statistical Verification ◽  
Solid Media ◽  
Cell Division Rate ◽  
Growth Differences ◽  
The Impact

Nostoc sphaericum shows marked growth differences in two Mexican wetland ecosystems consisting of rain forest and tropical deciduous forest, respectively. The amount of nitrogen and periphyton extract dominated by other Cyanoprokaryota had been identified as the most obvious differences between these two ecosystems. We studied the impact of these variables on the physiology and morphology of N. sphaericum. that is, the chlorophyll-a content of the thalli and the changes in the size of the trichomes as well as the cell division rate. Our results combined with a statistical verification indicate that the cell division rate of N. sphaericum with solid media is neither stimulated by nitrogen nor by accompanying cyanoprokaryotes and therefore is assumed to have no impact on the thalli observed in situ. However, these two variables are affecting the size of both the trichomes and the thalli, thus suggested to cause the observed growth differences between the two wetlands.

Cyclic-AMP-induced differentiation in neuroblastoma is independent of cell division rate

Nature ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 276 (5684) ◽  
pp. 194-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. WAYMIRE ◽  
K. GILMER-WAYMIRE ◽  
J. W. HAYCOCK
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
Cyclic Amp ◽  
Induced Differentiation ◽  
Division Rate ◽  
Cell Division Rate
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