scholarly journals Influence of Alzheimer’s disease on the relationship between nutritional status and risk of fall

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. e48747
Author(s):  
Maria Vaitsa Loch Haskel ◽  
Sara Carolina Scremin Souza ◽  
Danilo Fernandes da Silva ◽  
Weber Cláudio Francisco Nunes da Silva ◽  
Juliana Sartori Bonini
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Mini Nutritional Assessment ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Metabolic Condition ◽  
Risk Of Falls ◽  
Risk Of Fall

Although malnutrition and risk of falls in the elderly have increased in recent years, uncertainties exist as to whether these conditions are associated after controlling for sociodemographic variables, body composition, metabolic condition, and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). This study aimed to analyze the association between nutritional status and risk of fall in the elderly population. Participants were matched by gender and age, after they had been grouped on the basis of diagnosis of AD. The risk of falls, nutritional status, and mental status were assessed using the Downton Fall Risk Score (FRS), Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA), and Mini Mental State Evaluation (MMSE), respectively. Logistic regression models adjusted for the main confounders were used in the analyses. Among the 68 elderly individuals studied, participants who were malnourished or at risk of malnutrition were more likely to fall (odds ratio = 8.29; 95% confidence interval = 1.49-46.04) than those with normal nutritional status, regardless of gender, age, education, body composition, and metabolic condition. This association did not remain significant after adjustment for AD, a potential confounder in this association. Malnutrition or its risk was independently associated with high risk of fall; thus, malnutrition should be considered in the prevention of falls among the elderly population.

scholarly journals APOE-ε4 polymorphism and cognitive deficit among the elderly population of Fernando de Noronha

2008 ◽  
Vol 66 (2b) ◽  
pp. 298-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anália Nusya Garcia ◽  
Helker Albuquerque da Silva ◽  
Renan Carlos Silva ◽  
Eliane Maria Medeiros Leal ◽  
Lorena Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Cognitive Deficit ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Clock Drawing Test ◽  
Apoe Ε4 ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Fernando De Noronha ◽  
Ε4 Allele

BACKGROUND: Polymorphism of the gene for apolipoprotein E (APOE) is an important risk factor for the development of Alzheimer's disease. The ε4 allele of the APOE gene has been linked with a number of neuropsychiatric illnesses, and also with stress and depression among geriatric populations. OBJECTIVE: To identify APOE-ε4 polymorphism and correlate this with cognitive deficit among the elderly population of the island of Fernando de Noronha. METHOD: Neuropsychiatric tests (mini-mental state examination, verbal fluency test and clock drawing test) were applied to 52 elderly people without Alzheimer's disease. DNA was isolated from peripheral blood and genotyping of APOE was done by the PCR-RFLP method. RESULTS: 87% of the elderly population (mean age 69.6±7.0) had cognitive deficit. CONCLUSION: The observed frequency of the ε4 allele was 10%, but the correlation between the presence of ε4 and cognitive deficit in this population was not statistically significant.

scholarly journals The Prevalence of Alzheimer’s Disease; its Risk and Protective Factors Among the Elderly Population in Iran

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sakineh Gholamzadeh ◽  
Banafsheh Heshmati ◽  
Arash Mani ◽  
Peyman Petramfar ◽  
Zahra Baghery
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors

Metabolomic Alterations in the Blood and Brain in Association with Alzheimer’s Disease: Evidence from in vivo to Clinical Studies

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-28
Author(s):  
Sirawit Sriwichaiin ◽  
Nipon Chattipakorn ◽  
Siriporn C. Chattipakorn
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Pathological Findings ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
The Brain

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has become a major health problem among the elderly population. Some evidence suggests that metabolic disturbance possibly plays a role in the pathophysiology of AD. Currently, the study of metabolomics has been used to explore changes in multiple metabolites in several diseases, including AD. Thus, the metabolomics research in AD might provide some information regarding metabolic dysregulations, and their possible associated pathophysiology. This review summarizes the information discovered regarding the metabolites in the brain and the blood from the metabolomics research of AD from both animal and clinical studies. Additionally, the correlation between the changes in metabolites and outcomes, such as pathological findings in the brain and cognitive impairment are discussed. We also deliberate on the findings of cohort studies, demonstrating the alterations in metabolites before changes of cognitive function. All of these findings can be used to inform the potential identity of specific metabolites as possible biomarkers for AD.

scholarly journals The bile acid TUDCA improves glucose homeostasis through increase of insulin levels in mice with Alzheimer's disease

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas Zangerolamo ◽  
Helena Cristina de Lima Barbosa Sampaio ◽  
Jean Franciesco Vettorazzi ◽  
Carina Solon ◽  
Gabriela Moreira Soares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Bile Acid ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Population Studies ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Insulin Homeostasis ◽  
Aβ Oligomer

Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) are two of the most prevalent disorders in the elderly population. Studies suggest that people with T2DM have higher risk of developing AD. Likewise, AD brains presents Insulin resistance resulting in low capacity of glucose uptake. There is a growing evidence that insulin resistance and downstream abnormalities in the insulin signaling pathway are present in the AD brain and contribute to the development of cognitive dysfunction. Here we reported that C57BL/6 mice submitted to intracerebroventricular injection of streptozotocin, model of AD, and treated during 10 days with the bile acid TUDCA presented reduced accumulation of Aβ oligomer in the hippocampus and higher insulin secretion and glucose tolerance, besides improvement in memory test, suggesting that TUDCA treatment interferes with glucose-insulin homeostasis in brain and consequently attenuates AD.

scholarly journals Direct and indirect neurological, cognitive and behavioral effects of COVID-19 on the normal elderly, Mild-Cognitive-Impairment and Alzheimer’s Disease populations

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Iodice ◽  
Valeria Cassano ◽  
Paolo Maria Rossini
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Health Resources ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Recovery Phase ◽  
Healthy Elderly

Abstract This article reviews the main articles that have been published so far about the direct and indirect effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on a particularly fragile population represented by the healthy elderly people as well as those with Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer's disease. Such populations have been among the most affected in the early stages of the pandemic due to the direct effects of the virus and numerous indirect effects now emerge and will have to be carefully assessed over time. The pandemic associated to COVID-19 has shifted most of the health resources to the emergency area and has consequently left the three main medical areas that dealing with the elderly population (oncology, time-dependent diseases and degenerative disease) temporarily “uncovered”. In the phase following the emergency, it will be crucial to guarantee to each area the economic and organizational resources to quickly return to the level of support of the pre-pandemic state. The emergency phase represented an important moment of discussion on the possibilities of telemedicine which will inevitably become increasingly important but all the limits of its use in the elderly population have to be considered. In the post-lockdown recovery phase, alongside the classic medical evaluation, the psychological evaluation must become even more important for doctors caring about people with cognitive decline.

Nutrition as a Health Determinant in Elderly Patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (19) ◽  
pp. 3652-3661 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tecla Mastronuzzi ◽  
Ignazio Grattagliano
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Mini Nutritional Assessment ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Nutritional Intervention ◽  
Social Risk ◽  
Social Risk Factors ◽  
The Impact

Background: An adequate caloric intake is a major determinant for the health status especially when degenerative conditions become a predominant risk for difficult-to-treat diseases as in aging. Methods: A structured search of literature on the major databases was performed using terms as nutrition, elderly and malnutrition. Results: According to most referenced articles, it appears to be unquestionable that both organic and social risk factors [economic hardship, loneliness, institutionalization] are important as determining causes of protein-caloric malnutrition. Some anthropometric, clinical and laboratory parameters can help to make diagnosis and quantify malnutrition. However, most of them are not cheap or are not simple to perform especially in the setting of General Practice. The application of a simple questionnaire [Mini Nutritional Assessment, MNA] allows to obtain in a fast, easy and non-invasive way a valid assessment of the nutritional status in geriatric patients. The maintenance of the nutritional status is the best measure to counteract the risk of proteincaloric malnutrition and its complications which often sneakily affects elderly population and in particular frail patients. Conclusion: This review, based on updated concepts, examines all the above mentioned points together with some aspects associated with malnutrition as an indicator of disease severity and health costs in the elderly population. Finally, the impact of nutritional intervention and nutrients supplementation on general indices of malnutrition are discussed as a promising strategy.

Evaluation of the Relationship between Nutritional Status and Quality of Life among Nursing Home Residents with Alzheimer's Disease

2016 ◽  
pp. 42-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alev Keser ◽  
Filiz Yildirim
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Nursing Home Residents ◽  
Mini Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Dementia Patients

The purpose of this study was to determine nutritional status and its influence on their quality of life in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients with Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) and anthropometric measurements. This study was conducted with 57 Alzheimer type dementia patients between the ages of 52 and 89 who live in nursing homes in Ankara/Turkey. In this study, it was found that the 57.9% of the AD patients were at risk of malnutrition, and that 19.3% were malnourished. Malnutrition risk rises as the length of stay increases (p< .05). A significant correlation between body weight and quality of life as well as one between calf circumference and quality of life was detected (p< .05). In this study, nutrient intake among aged individuals with AD was found unbalanced; a statistically significant correlation between energy / nutrient intake and quality of life also was not detected.

The role of ubiquitin proteasomal system and autophagy-lysosome pathway in Alzheimer’s disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Zhang ◽  
Xu Chen ◽  
Yanfang Zhao ◽  
Murugavel Ponnusamy ◽  
Ying Liu
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Protein Degradation ◽  
Molecular Chaperones ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorder ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
Β Amyloid

AbstractAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder leading to dementia in the elderly population. AD is associated with the buildup of β-amyloid and tau, which aggregate into extracellular plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. Although the exact mechanism of pathological process of AD is unclear, the dysfunction of protein degradation mechanisms has been proposed to play an important role in AD. The cellular degradation of abnormal or misfolded proteins consists of three different mechanisms: the ubiquitin proteasomal system (UPS), autophagy-lysosomal pathway (ALP), and interaction of molecular chaperones with UPS or ALP. Any disturbance to these systems causes proteins to accumulate, resulting in pathological process of AD. In this review, we summarize the knowledge of protein degradation pathways in the pathogenesis of AD in light of the current literature. In the future, the regulation UPS or ALP machineries could be the cornerstones of the treatment of AD.

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