scholarly journals Design of Visual Display Terminal Paramaters for Visual Comfort and Performance

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 184-189
Author(s):  
Hartomo ◽  
Abdul Djalal ◽  
Kokoh Kurniawan ◽  
Rachmah Nanda Kartika
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Visual Display ◽  
Position Angle ◽  
University Student ◽  
Eye Position ◽  
Optimum Level ◽  
Visual Comfort ◽  
Visual Display Terminal ◽  
And Performance

The purpose of this study is to design the Visual Display Terminal parameters for the visual comfort and high performance. Taguchis Design of Experiments method was used to determine the optimum level of parameters that consist of external and internal lighthing, monitor position angle and eye-to-monitor distance. An experimental study was conducted in Ergonomics laboratory. Typing operation was done as a case study. 15 university student (7 males and 8 females) with age rangebetween 21-26 old took participation.The results of study findsthat the optimum external lighting (A1) = 1325 Lux, the monitor eye position angle (B2) = 15 o, The distance vision from eye - monitor (C1) = 20 inches, internal lighting (D1) = 60 Lux. This study has also found that eyesblinking decrease about 50% and the performance increase about 89.76%.Thus, the parameters of VDT can produce better visual comfort and performance.

Effects of Indoor Lighting on Occupants’ Visual Comfort and Eye Health in a Green Building

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taeyon Hwang ◽  
Jeong Tai Kim
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Visual Display ◽  
Visual Comfort ◽  
Visual Display Terminal ◽  
Eye Health ◽  
Shading Devices ◽  
Shading Device ◽  
Indoor Lighting

This study investigated the effects of indoor lighting on occupants’ visual comfort and eye health and to contribute to the management and maintenance of buildings. The illuminance of the working plane and windows at Samsung Corporation Headquarters were measured, and 2744 healthy occupants of Samsung Corporation were surveyed regarding the indoor lighting environment via the company’s intranet for 1½ years. This building was certified with the highest ranking by Korea’s Green Building Council. The cumulative data reflected the management and maintenance of the building, such as screen-type shading devices automatically controlled by seasons and time, improvement of visual display terminal glare by the veiling reflection on monitors, efficiency of artificial lighting arrays, and so on. The data were analysed for occupants’ visual comfort and eye health. The result showed that daylighting could improve the occupants’ psychological health and productivity. The screen-type shading device could intercept direct sunlight and reduce annoyance glare. However, the indoor lighting and visual environment of the building were poor. After examining the questionnaire feedback concerning improvements, the occupants’ annoyance ratio was significantly reduced, and approximately 5% of the occupants’ annoyance ratio was deemed to be caused by personal characteristics related to the lighting of the environment.

scholarly journals Design, Construction and Validation of a High-Performance OATS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donglin Meng
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Ground Plane ◽  
Test Site ◽  
The World ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Antenna Factor ◽  
First Time ◽  
Biconical Antennas ◽  
Calibration Laboratories

The state of the art on the open-area test site (OATS) has been introduced. Key technologies on the design and validation of a high-performance OATS have been provided. Some famous OATS in the world regarding their structure, the dimensions of the ground plane (GP), the location of the control room, and performance are listed in a table. A case study is provided on NIM’s high-performance OATS. Many details are open for the first time, which show the fine design. A measurement uncertainty example has been provided in measuring the free-space antenna factor of biconical antennas. These results are based on the author’s many years of experience, with lots of valuable data and photos. It is intended for calibration laboratories, for EMC antenna users, for writing EMC standards, as well as for the assessors in EMC.

scholarly journals Exploring the impact of external shading system on cognitive task performance, alertness and visual comfort in a daylit workplace environment

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 942-955 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Leccese ◽  
G Salvadori ◽  
M Öner ◽  
T Kazanasmaz
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Skills ◽  
Cognitive Task ◽  
Visual Display ◽  
Naming Task ◽  
Experimental Session ◽  
Visual Comfort ◽  
Visual Display Terminal ◽  
Subjective Alertness ◽  
Office Lighting ◽  
The Impact

The authors examined the effect of external shading system on cognitive performance, alertness and visual comfort of visual display terminal (VDT) users under two realistic office lighting settings in this study. Daylight was the source of illumination being considered as the most significant and preferred one. A total of 26 participants performed visual and cognitive demanding tasks as well as providing subjective alertness, performance and visual evaluations in a full-scale mock-up VDT workstation. Two trials (with and without shading system) were executed during one experimental session. Results revealed that the use of a shading system improves the performance of a user on colour-naming task requiring sustained attention, while no differential effects were observed on tasks involving other cognitive skills such as search velocity and vigilance. Within-subject performance differences were more pronounced during morning hours. Higher performance was reported in some cognitive tests when the subjective sensation of visual discomfort was lower.

Effects of Ambient Illumination, Luminance Contrast, and Stimulus Type on Subjective Preference of VDT Target and Background Color Combinations

2008 ◽  
Vol 107 (2) ◽  
pp. 336-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kong-King Shieh ◽  
Yen-Kung Lai
Keyword(s):  
Visual Display ◽  
Luminance Contrast ◽  
Visual Comfort ◽  
Background Color ◽  
Color Combination ◽  
Visual Display Terminal ◽  
Aesthetic Appearance ◽  
Subjective Preference ◽  
Color Combinations ◽  
Better Than

This study investigated the effects of the target and background color combination on subjective preference, i.e., aesthetic appearance, legibility and visual comfort, of stimuli presented on a visual display terminal under various ambient illuminations, luminance contrasts, and stimulus types. Analysis showed the main effect of color combination was significant for the three dependent variables. Black-on-white and blue-on-white were the most preferred combinations, while turquoise-on-green and turquoise-on-red were the least preferred. A sign was rated better than text. The significant interaction between color combination and luminance contrast indicated that more preferred color combinations were rated better under higher luminance contrast, whereas less preferred color combinations had better ratings under lower luminance contrast.

scholarly journals Tribology in Space Robotic Actuators: Experimental Method for Evaluation and Analysis of Gearboxes

Aerospace ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Erik Nyberg ◽  
Dídac Llopart i Cervelló ◽  
Ichiro Minami
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Space Applications ◽  
Effective Boundary ◽  
N2 Atmosphere ◽  
Advanced Analysis ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Microscopy Techniques ◽  
Film Separation

Liquid lubricants are critical to enable long-life operation of high-performance machinery, such as geared actuators employed in robotics. In space applications, actuator gearboxes must operate in low temperatures, where liquid lubricants face inherent problems related to low temperature rheology. Heaters are relied upon to provide acceptable gearbox temperatures. Unfortunately, heating is energy-intense and does not scale well with increasing mechanism mass and performance. Effective boundary lubrication (BL), on the other hand, can minimize problems of low temperature rheology. BL relies on tribofilm formation over conventional fluid film separation. Effective space grade boundary lubricants can potentially allow for drastically reduced amounts of oil and the accompanying rheological problems. In this work, we describe the design of a methodology to evaluate and analyze tribology of actuator gearboxes operated under cryogenic oil-starved conditions in N2 atmosphere. The devised methodology enables research pertinent to space actuator tribology by accelerated testing and advanced analysis, as demonstrated by a lubricant candidate case study. Complementary microscopy techniques are discussed, and a novel methodology devised for gear internal microstructure analysis by X-ray microtomography (XMT) is presented.

Strength Studies of High Performance Concrete with Fly-Ash and Gangue

2012 ◽  
Vol 446-449 ◽  
pp. 3544-3553
Author(s):  
Yun Fang Meng ◽  
Ya Yun Tan ◽  
Rui Li
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Portland Cement ◽  
Silica Fume ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Performance Concrete ◽  
Supplementary Cementitious Materials ◽  
Optimum Level ◽  
Portland Cement Concrete ◽  
Cement Concrete ◽  
And Performance

The main purpose of this research was to enhance the strength and durability of concrete in both design and construction of high performance concrete. Particularly, the strength in high performance concrete is achieved by optimising the gangue, fly ash and silica fume replacement for cement. The gangue has been used as a cementitious material. Using data from tests on laboratory studies, comparisons are made of the properties and performance of the gangue, fly ash and silica fume concrete with conventional Portland cement concrete of similar and same mixture proportions. The many technical benefits available to high performance concrete user, such as reduced heat evolution, lower permeability and higher strength at later ages, at the same time, in order to increase resistance to sulphate attack and alkali silica reaction. A number of recommendations are given for the effective use of gangue and fly ash in high performance concrete. The results show that 10% gangue, 15% slag, 15% fly ash, 10% silica fume of replacement was found to be an optimum level and demonstrated excellent performance in strength. Literature review on the use of different supplementary cementitious materials in concrete to enhance strength was also reported. The paper is intended to provide guidance for those concerned with the design, application and performance of high properties concrete in practice where gangue and fly ash can also help to reduce costs and energy demands in the production of concrete compared with conventional Portland cement concrete.

scholarly journals A Study of Musculoskeletal Disorders among Visual Display Terminal Workers

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 300-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.A. Samsuddin ◽  
Dian Darina Indah Daruis
Keyword(s):  
Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Visual Display ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Visual Display Terminal ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Ergonomic Interventions ◽  
Ergonomic Intervention

This study investigated the effectiveness of workstation ergonomic intervention in reducing musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) in Visual Display Terminal (VDT) workers. The study was carried out at one of a Multinational Company in Petaling Jaya, Selangor. Sixty Heavy VDT workers were selected randomly as case study respondents. Questionnaires were given to 60 respondents to investigate their awareness in ergonomic intervention, job-related factors that contributing to musculoskeletal disorders, as well as MSD severity and symptoms among them. Then, 30 workers who are heavy VDT users were selected to receive the education and ergonomics interventions, whereas another 30 receive the education and ergonomic intervention, whereas another 30 workers were assigned as a control group. The two groups were then crossedover after sixth week, and follow-up questionnaire s we given to all of them once again. The results for both questionnaires, before and after the ergonomics intervention, were then analyzed for this case study. The interventions include ergonomics leaflets, ergonomic posters, online ergonomic education and ergonomic working posture guidance. The outcomes suggested that a participation in an ergonomics program, even though in a short duration and minimally disruptive to the normal workplace routine, can still contribute to a rapid effect on improving work posture. Although improper posture is associated to be the main risk factor for work-related musculoskeletal disorders, multigroup and long-term randomized trial are required to establish the effectiveness or workstation ergonomic intervention in reducing musculoskeletal disorders in VDT workers. In conclusion, there is significant evidence that individualized ergonomic interventions may contribute to improve work-related posture and reduce MSD injuries for VDT workers.

Trace nanoanalysis

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 940-941
Author(s):  
D. E. Newbury ◽  
R. D. Leapman
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Detection Efficiency ◽  
Volume Element ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Trace Constituents ◽  
Secondary Ion ◽  
Concentration Levels ◽  
Structure Properties

Trace constituents, which can be very loosely defined as those present at concentration levels below 1 percent, often exert influence on structure, properties, and performance far greater than what might be estimated from their proportion alone. Defining the role of trace constituents in the microstructure, or indeed even determining their location, makes great demands on the available array of microanalytical tools. These demands become increasingly more challenging as the dimensions of the volume element to be probed become smaller. For example, a cubic volume element of silicon with an edge dimension of 1 micrometer contains approximately 5×1010 atoms. High performance secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) can be used to measure trace constituents to levels of hundreds of parts per billion from such a volume element (e. g., detection of at least 100 atoms to give 10% reproducibility with an overall detection efficiency of 1%, considering ionization, transmission, and counting).

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