An Investigation on Speedometer Pointer Residual-Value of Crashing Vehicle and its Application in Accident Reconstruction

2012 ◽  
Vol 152-154 ◽  
pp. 1177-1182
Author(s):  
Yuan Quan ◽  
Xiao Qi Chen ◽  
Yi Bing Li
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Accident Reconstruction ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Damage And Failure ◽  
Vehicle Collision ◽  
Vehicle Impact ◽  
Speed Identification ◽  
Real Traffic

According to the experience of traffic accident investigation over the years, the pointer of some crashed vehicles’ speedometer will stay in one place because of collision spread or heavily vibration, which may indicate the vehicle collision speed. However, the correlation between the residual speed value and actual vehicle collision speed still remains to be examined. For the practical needs of traffic accident reconstruction, this research work is carried out. Based on the principles of traditional speedometers, vehicle impact mechanics and failure mechanism, the damage and failure mode of speedometer in collision are studied. Through the statistics of 15 real traffic accident cases, the features and law about the pointer information of damaged speedometers are obtained initially. As an example, one of these cases is analyzed and calculated to verify the assumption. The availability of the mark information on the indicated place of speedometer after accidents (i.e. the correlation between the speed value of pointers and actual vehicle collision speed) is discussed, which can provide effective means and references for accident reconstruction and vehicle speed identification.

The Analysis and Research of Traffic Accident Velocity Based on C#

2014 ◽  
Vol 505-506 ◽  
pp. 1137-1142
Author(s):  
Li Lin ◽  
Ting Ting Lv
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Front Face ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Application Range ◽  
Collision Type ◽  
Side Collision ◽  
Speed Identification ◽  
Important Basis ◽  
Collision Angle

In the process of the traffic accidents confirmation, the identification of vehicle speed when accident occurred is often an important basis for accident confirmation. The paper firstly discusses the models of mechanics and solving method for the vehicle front face, rear end, sides face ,slanted side collision based on the theory of collision mechanics ,it describes how to identify the vehicle rate and collision angle based on the model simplification, the theoretical analysis for dealing with the complicated accidents. The common and formulas are studied based on the classical collision mechanics method. The application range, parameters involved in selection and influence of the formulas are analyzed in detail. Finally the program based on C# is developed according to the identified calculation process for vehicle speed of traffic accident. The vehicle speed is obtained by selecting the collision type, entering the relevant accident pattern, inputting the parameters and clicking the command button .The application can store, modify and display results conveniently , improve efficiency on vehicle speed identification effectively and reduce the processing cycle of traffic accident availably.

scholarly journals Determination of Selected Crash Parameters in Head-on Vehicle Collision with Rollover

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-79
Author(s):  
Tomáš Coufal ◽  
Marek Semela
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Crash Test ◽  
Accident Reconstruction ◽  
Vehicle Collision ◽  
Reconstruction Software ◽  
Vehicle Rollover ◽  
Head And Neck Injury ◽  
Small Overlap ◽  
Crush Zone

The paper presents complete results of the head-on small overlap crash test of vehicle with driver moving at a speed of approximately 12 m/s against stationary vehicle with post-crash rollover. When a crash does not involve the main crush-zone structures, the occupant compartment is not well protected. The emphasis in the paper was put on determination and presentation of crash parameters for the application in traffic accident analyses and for simulation with the help of software for accident reconstruction. The experimentally measured data from the crash test were analysed and important crash parameters which are necessary for accident reconstruction were obtained. The crash test was specific because of rollover of the impacting vehicle resulting from small overlap. The results have shown that small overlap accident is extremely dangerous for the crew with the possibility of vehicle rollover and occupant head and neck injury. Also in this case, at relative low speed, the driver suffered light neck and head injury in the following days and the longitudinal damage was relatively large. The input parameters for accident reconstruction software as the result of performed crash test were gained.

scholarly journals Pedestrian Throw Distance Prediction from Vehicle Damage Intensity

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 371-382
Author(s):  
Nenad Saulić ◽  
Zoran Papić ◽  
Zoran Ovcin
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Empirical Models ◽  
Ordinal Scale ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Vehicle Impact ◽  
Throw Distance ◽  
Distance Prediction ◽  
Pedestrian Collisions

One of the main points to be addressed when analysing vehicle-pedestrian collisions is the vehicle impact speed. If the traffic accident is not recorded on camera, and there are no skid marks nor tachograph in the vehicle, the parameter is determined on the basis of empirical models. All empirical models for ascertaining vehicle speed are based on the pedestrian throw distance, which is not always known because of an unidentified vehicle-pedestrian collision point or the final rest position of the pedestrian after collision. This paper shows a description of a vehicle damage recorded in an ordinal scale and determines the pedestrian throw distance prediction model from the vehicle damage established in such a way. If the accident scene is documented by photographs, the damage can be classified, and by applying a validated model, the pedestrian throw distance envisaged. Then, by applying an empirical model, one can determine the speed of the vehicle at the time of collision with a pedestrian. Two databases were formed during the research. The first is based on real-life traffic accidents (expert witnessing of the professors from the Faculty of Technical Sciences). The second is based on traffic accident simulations as part of PC Crash software package.

Multivariable Monte Carlo Analysis Methods in Traffic Accident Reconstruction Using Python

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Knox
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Monte Carlo Methods ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Random Number ◽  
Random Number Generation ◽  
Monte Carlo Analysis ◽  
Accident Reconstruction ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Pseudo Random Number ◽  
Selection Of

The analysis involved in reconstructing a traffic crash often deals with multiple, codependent, stochastic variables such as departure angle measurements, coefficient of friction measurements, vehicle stiffness coefficients, and acceleration rates. The resulting analysis should appropriately lead to a range of possible vehicle speeds rather than a single speed output value. All too often, this speed range is reported as a continuous uniform distribution in which lower- and upper-bound values are just as probable as any value in between. In reality, vehicle speed ranges are more complex than can properly be represented by a range of equally-probable values. By using repeated iterations drawing on pseudo-random number generation algorithms, Monte Carlo methods have long held the key to performing such statistical analyses. Monte Carlo methods allow for the output of values that are, in most cases, normally distributed and can be used to approximate the probability density function associated with the particular output variable. While Monte Carlo analysis in traffic accident reconstruction has been addressed in a number of other papers, the issue of dealing with codependent variables and the propagation of variable values across multiple calculations has been less apparent in the literature. Understanding not only the application of Monte Carlo methods to multi-variable problems but also the codependent nature of the output distributions and the appropriate selection of input values is essential to the successful application of Monte Carlo algorithms. This paper will address the appropriate methods for implementing multi-variable Monte Carlo solutions for traffic accident reconstruction problems and provide a practical platform for developing algorithms using the Python programming language. Appropriate selection of input values and the use of pseudo-random number generators will be addressed, along with methods for handling the propagation of values through the course of multiple, codependent calculations. While this paper focuses on the implementation of algorithms using Python, these methods can just as readily by implemented using MATLAB, C/C++, FORTRAN, or a variety of other capable programming languages.

scholarly journals Using Video to Validate Vehicle Speed Uncertainty in Vertical Side Collisions

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 211
Author(s):  
Jianjun Yang ◽  
Dawei Dong ◽  
Pingfei Li ◽  
Tao Liang ◽  
Zhiyong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Accident Reconstruction ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Surveillance Video ◽  
Vertical Side ◽  
Uncertainty Factors ◽  
Vehicle Collision ◽  
Calculation Results

Vehicle speed access is an important part of road traffic accidents. Many factors affect the speed of the vehicle in vertical side collisions. Uncertainty in speed calculations related to vehicle collision was researched. The main parameters which have a greater impact on the speed of calculation results were discussed. And speed calculation methods based on uncertainty factors have been analyzed. By use of the vehicle vertical side collisions case, the speed of uncertainty has been carried out. Combined with accident surveillance video, the video picture computed speed and uncertainty factors obtained speed were compared. The results showed that selected road adhesion coefficient, vehicle weight and other parameters as the uncertainty factors, the use of uncertainty obtained speed with high reliability of forensic, which can be used in accident reconstruction.

Study on the Application of Rigid Body Dynamics in the Traffic Accident Reconstruction

2014 ◽  
Vol 707 ◽  
pp. 412-416
Author(s):  
Ming Ni
Keyword(s):  
Rigid Body ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Dynamic Models ◽  
Rigid Body Dynamics ◽  
Passive Safety ◽  
Accident Reconstruction ◽  
Actual Situation ◽  
Vehicle Accidents ◽  
Vehicle Collision ◽  
Body Dynamics

The analysis of road vehicle collision accidents reconstruction is a hot automotive passive safety subject. When reconstruct the vehicle collision accidents , start from the final position of the vehicle, and build the back projections by using the kinematic and dynamic models, according to the relevant theory, experimental data. namely: the after collision stage - Collision stage - pre-crash phase to reproduce the actual situation of the entire accident process in time and space. Thus the technical state of vehicle accidents before the collision can be known, and the causes of the accidents can be further analyzed. In this paper, some aspects related to rigid body kinematics and rigid body dynamics will be studied.

The Analysis of the Key Problems about Traffic Accident Speed Identification Based on Braking Traces

2013 ◽  
Vol 756-759 ◽  
pp. 4752-4757
Author(s):  
Zhi Wei Guan ◽  
Shao Hua Wang ◽  
Wei Qiang Liang ◽  
Ming Feng Zheng ◽  
Lin Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Test Report ◽  
Actual Case ◽  
Braking Performance ◽  
Braking Distance ◽  
Braking Process ◽  
Judicial Expertise ◽  
Speed Identification

In order to improve the impartiality and objectivity of judicial expertise, the key problems about traffic accident speed identification are analyzed and the speed of vehicle is calculated by using the braking performance test report with reference to the national standard and automobile theory. The automobile dynamics of driver braking process is analyzed, all kinds of key problems such as the braking distance, braking coordination time, braking speed, longitudinal sliding coefficient of adhesion are combined with the braking performance test report, and the method of determining the longitudinal sliding coefficient of adhesion is proposed, the instantaneous velocity before the collision is calculated. Finally, the method is used to calculate the speed of an actual case, and simulated in the software of PC-Crash, the results are consistent, verifying that the speed identification method is correct.

scholarly journals The development of future foreign language teachers’ digital competences in creating multimedia tutorials

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 216-245
Author(s):  
G. Zh. Smagulova ◽  
G. B. Sarzhanova ◽  
G. K. Tleuzhanova ◽  
N. Stanciu
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Language Teachers ◽  
Educational Resources ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Future Teachers ◽  
Foreign Language Teachers ◽  
Training Course ◽  
Visual Materials

Introduction. The article considers the problem of the development of future teachers’ digital competences in creating foreign language multimedia tutorials and presents the results of the corresponding research conducted by the authors. In the context of the digitalisation of education, the foreign language multimedia tutorials represent an effective means of organising and integrating authentic audio-visual materials into the learning process. Nevertheless, FL (foreign language) teachers today face the problem of the lack of the competences, including digital ones, necessary for the development of effective multimedia tutorials, which cannot be created without the awareness of the methodological foundations of their designing, mastering of the relevant software tools and obtaining the corresponding level of digital skills of their usage.Aim. The current research is aimed to identify the effectiveness of the training course for future teachers in the development of foreign language multimedia tutorials based on authentic audio-visual materials. The training course was conducted at Academician E. A. Buketov Karaganda University among 30 graduate students.Methodology and research methods. The research work was based on the determination of four levels of training in the field of development of multimedia foreign language tutorials: recognition-based, reproductive (adaptive), heuristic, creative.Results and scientific novelty. The developed training course proved its effectiveness in increasing the level of development of digital competences of future FL teachers in the field of designing multimedia educational resources. The research results demonstrated that 80 % of the participants achieved the heuristic level in the field of the development of digital educational resources, namely multimedia tutorials, getting the required 60 % and more points (according to Bespalko V. P.) in the final assessment of academic achievement.Practical significance. The corresponding authoring experimental training course contributes to solving the problem of the development of the future FL teachers’ competences when creating multimedia educational resources, and to the problem of skills formation when using appropriate software to create multimedia educational resources.

scholarly journals Motion Simulation for Triangular-Shaped Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (TAUV) with Controllable Rudder

2021 ◽  
Vol 2107 (1) ◽  
pp. 012046
Author(s):  
I Y Amran ◽  
K Isa
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Autonomous Underwater Vehicle ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Underwater Vehicle ◽  
Open Loop ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Motion Simulation ◽  
Loop Control ◽  
Angular Velocities ◽  
The Mathematical Model

Abstract The dynamic model and motion simulation for a Triangular-Shaped Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (TAUV) with independently controlled rudders are described in this paper. The TAUV is designed for biofouling cleaning in aquaculture cage fishnet. It is buoyant underwater and moves by controlling two thrusters. Hence, in this research work, the authors designed a TAUV that is propelled by two thrusters and maneuvered by using an independently controllable rudder. This paper discussed the development of a mathematical model for the TAUV and its dynamic characteristics. The mathematical model was simulated by using Matlab and Simulink to analyze the TAUV’s motion based on open-loop control of different rudder angles. The position, linear and angular velocities, angle of attack, and underwater vehicle speed are all demonstrated in the findings.

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