scholarly journals Using Video to Validate Vehicle Speed Uncertainty in Vertical Side Collisions

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 211
Author(s):  
Jianjun Yang ◽  
Dawei Dong ◽  
Pingfei Li ◽  
Tao Liang ◽  
Zhiyong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Accident Reconstruction ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Surveillance Video ◽  
Vertical Side ◽  
Uncertainty Factors ◽  
Vehicle Collision ◽  
Calculation Results

Vehicle speed access is an important part of road traffic accidents. Many factors affect the speed of the vehicle in vertical side collisions. Uncertainty in speed calculations related to vehicle collision was researched. The main parameters which have a greater impact on the speed of calculation results were discussed. And speed calculation methods based on uncertainty factors have been analyzed. By use of the vehicle vertical side collisions case, the speed of uncertainty has been carried out. Combined with accident surveillance video, the video picture computed speed and uncertainty factors obtained speed were compared. The results showed that selected road adhesion coefficient, vehicle weight and other parameters as the uncertainty factors, the use of uncertainty obtained speed with high reliability of forensic, which can be used in accident reconstruction.

scholarly journals Accident reconstruction and assessment of the cyclist`s injuries sustained in a car-bicycle collision

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 208-214
Author(s):  
S. A. Evtyukov ◽  
◽  
I. S. Brylev ◽  
M. M. Blinder ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Dynamic Models ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Accident Reconstruction ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Wheeled Vehicle ◽  
Severity Degree

The aim of this study was to study the movement kinematics of a two-wheeled vehicle (TWV) and the factors influencing the severity degree of injuries sustained by a cyclist in a collision with a car by modeling using the MADYMO software (MAthematic DYnamic MOdels). The analysis of the influence of the vehicle speed on the severity degree of injury at a certain moment of collision is carried out. It has been determined that an increase in vehicle speed has a direct effect on an increase in the cyclist's kickback distance. A quantitative assessment of the factors influencing the severity degree of injuries in road traffic accidents is given. Graphs were built and regression equations were obtained depending on the speed of the car and the time of the collision.

Effectiveness of Driver Compensation to Avoid Vehicle Collision under Visual Field Contraction

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 1911-1915 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jieun Lee ◽  
Makoto Itoh ◽  
Toshiyuki Inagaki
Keyword(s):  
Visual Field ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Field Of View ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Vehicle Collision ◽  
Hazardous Object ◽  
Set Up

Visual field contraction is an important contributing factor to road traffic accidents. Visually impaired drivers may compensate for the adverse effects of the visual field contraction. This study investigated the effectiveness of two types of compensation: (1) reducing vehicle speed and (2) looking around more frequently. Furthermore, we focused on a hazardous event, where a hazardous object comes into driver’s field of view again after passing out of sight. We conducted an experiment by using a driving simulator and special eyeglasses that reduce healthy people’s field of view to approximately 10 degrees. We set up 3 experimental conditions: driving without contraction, driving with contraction following two different instructions: reduce speed or look around more frequently. Statistically, reducing speed was effective in reducing the risk of collision compared to looking around frequently. However, it was difficult to determine whether the drivers recognized the hazard or not based on driver’s behavioral data or an interview that carried out to check whether participants recognize the hazard after collision.

An Investigation on Speedometer Pointer Residual-Value of Crashing Vehicle and its Application in Accident Reconstruction

2012 ◽  
Vol 152-154 ◽  
pp. 1177-1182
Author(s):  
Yuan Quan ◽  
Xiao Qi Chen ◽  
Yi Bing Li
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Accident Reconstruction ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Damage And Failure ◽  
Vehicle Collision ◽  
Vehicle Impact ◽  
Speed Identification ◽  
Real Traffic

According to the experience of traffic accident investigation over the years, the pointer of some crashed vehicles’ speedometer will stay in one place because of collision spread or heavily vibration, which may indicate the vehicle collision speed. However, the correlation between the residual speed value and actual vehicle collision speed still remains to be examined. For the practical needs of traffic accident reconstruction, this research work is carried out. Based on the principles of traditional speedometers, vehicle impact mechanics and failure mechanism, the damage and failure mode of speedometer in collision are studied. Through the statistics of 15 real traffic accident cases, the features and law about the pointer information of damaged speedometers are obtained initially. As an example, one of these cases is analyzed and calculated to verify the assumption. The availability of the mark information on the indicated place of speedometer after accidents (i.e. the correlation between the speed value of pointers and actual vehicle collision speed) is discussed, which can provide effective means and references for accident reconstruction and vehicle speed identification.

The Neglected Epidemic: Road Traffic Crashes in India

Metamorphosis ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjay K. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Seat Belts ◽  
Central State ◽  
Traffic Crashes ◽  
Road Traffic Crashes ◽  
State And Local

Deaths and injuries resulting from road traffic crashes are a major and growing public health problem in India. Every week nearly 2,500 people get killed and 9,000 get injured due to traffic accidents. Traffic accidents have now earned India a dubious distinction; with nearly 127,000 deaths annually, the country has overtaken China to top the world in road fatalities. While in many developed and developing countries including China, the situation is generally improving, India faces a worsening situation. Road traffic collisions on the nation's roads claim five times more lives now than they did three decades ago. Without increased efforts and new initiatives, the total number of road traffic deaths in India is likely to cross the mark of 250,000 by 2025. There is thus an urgent need to recognize the worsening situation in road deaths and injuries and to take appropriate action. Certain interventions such as enforcement of legislation to control vehicle speed and alcohol consumption, mandating the use of seat-belts and helmets, and safer design and use of roads and vehicles have huge potential to reduce the incidence and impact of road traffic crashes. The time has come for the central, state, and local governments to act now. Acting now will save thousands of lives.

scholarly journals Methods for Investigating Road Traffic Accidents Using Modern Automated Means

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 256-264
Author(s):  
O. V. Saraiev ◽  
S. V. Danez
Keyword(s):  
Road Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Video Image ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Reconstruction Process ◽  
Vehicle Movement

The paper presents investigation methods which are aimed at increasing an accuracy in determination of parameters for movement of vehicles in the reconstruction process of road traffic accidents. The problems with a target to improve a method for calculation of vehicle movement speed and location coordinates at different time moments have been solved in the paper. In order to determine more accurately nature of vehicle damage and their location on carriageway, a laser scanning method has been applied which makes it possible to reduce an error while determining dimensions and distances, and to shorten time for an inspection of the road traffic accident place. The presence of a scanned image in three-dimensional form allows more accurately to simulate nature and angle concerning approach of vehicles prior to a collision. A methodological support for determination of vehicle movement parameters has been developed on the basis of the recorded data from driving video recorders (DVRs). It has been established that an error in measuring a speed of movement for vehicles will depend on quality of a video image, length of the investigated area and range of possible speeds. A relative error will be the higher, the smaller we have vehicle speed range and length of the investigated section. A mathematical model of vehicle speed change in a differential form has been compiled and solved in the paper. The model allows to calculate a speed of motion at different time moments with respect to recording from driving video recorders. In addition, the developed methodology permits more accurately to determine coordinates of vehicle location on a photoand video image. This is especially important while determining places of pedestrian-road accident or vehicle collision location of the collision or the place of collision with regard to the edge of carriageway. Unlike subjective research methods when initial data for carrying out auto-technical investigations are established by interviewing witnesses and the accused, the proposed methods make it possible to permit reconstruction of a road traffic accident exclusively by objective methods with the help of automated technical means.

scholarly journals Application of Plane Homography for Vehicle Speed Calculations in Traffic Accident Investigations

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Qiang Chen ◽  
Hong-Guo Xu ◽  
Xiao-Feng Liu ◽  
Zhi-Wei Guan
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Frame Rate ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Control Points ◽  
Surveillance Video ◽  
Perspective Image ◽  
Orthographic Image ◽  
Plane Homography ◽  
The Moment

The analysis of vehicle speeds at the moment of traffic accidents is becoming increasingly important. To solve difficult calculations arising from video analysis when the shooting direction of the camera is the same as the driving direction of the vehicles, an improved plane homography method is proposed. This method is based on detecting the frame rate of and extracting all of the key image frames from a surveillance video. Next, a normalizing approach for the control points is proposed to reduce the ill-conditions of matrix calculations when the perspective image is rectified to an orthographic image. The information in the rectified image is then measured and recorded by extracting the mark point information. Finally, the corresponding curve of time and speed for the examined vehicle is created, which can be used to analyze the average braking deceleration of the accident-causing vehicle. This method can directly determine the speed of a vehicle using videos of a traffic accident without any reference to the dimensions of the vehicle itself. Considering an actual traffic accident as an example, the driving trajectories and velocity curves for two vehicles are obtained using this method. The proposed method can effectively overcome the shortcomings of the commonly used speed recognition methods and it is easy to utilize.

scholarly journals ROAD TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS

2007 ◽  
Vol 14 (02) ◽  
pp. 323-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
MOHAMMAD HUSSAIN KHAN ◽  
Tariq Sohail Babar ◽  
IFTIKHAR AHMED ◽  
Khalid Shakeel Babar ◽  
NIAMATULLAH ZIA
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Safety Interventions

Context : Road traffic accidents are a major yet neglected publichealth problem in developing countries. Trends in motorization indicate an increase in road traffic injuries;furthermore, by 2020, they could rank third in the order of burden of disease Road traffic accidents are an importantyet preventable cause of death and disability in developing countries, like Pakistan. Objective: To explorepreventable aspects of the road traffic accidents. Design: Cross sectional study Setting: Casualty department ofDistrict Head Quarter Teaching hospital Dera Ismail Khan. Patients & Methods: All non-fatal and non-comatosecases of road traffic accidents victims reporting to casualty department were included in the study. The victims ofthe accidents were interviewed to obtain information about circumstances leading to accidents. The informationcollected comprised: time of accidents, nature of injury, narcotic consumption of driver, condition of road andvehicle, safety belts, road signs and vehicle speed beside demographic characteristics of respondents. Results:Age revealed that age group 21-25 years were highly affected 18 % while age group 51-55 years were leastaffected 2 %. Among them were male 76 % and were female 24%. 93 victims belong to rural area ( 62%) while 57were from urban (38%). Among victims, 37% were motorcyclist, 23% bicyclist , 22% motorized two-wheelers and18% bus users. The accidents were more common during the daytime in 100 cases (66%). Fractures of bones wascommon injury in 90 cases (60%) afflicted to the victims followed by multiple injuries like blunt injuries, abrasionsand lacerations. Among victims , only 2% used protective helmets. All helmet users were motorcyclists. No seatbelts were found to have been used by the victims. There was no evidence of any narcotics consumption by thedriver prior to accidents. Conclusion: Road traffic accidents are predictable and preventable but good data isimportant to understand the ways in which road safety interventions can be effective. Cost-effective preventivemeasures can be designed to address this global problem.

Factors Affecting Overtaking Behaviour On Single Carriageway Road: Case Study at Jalan Kluang-Kulai

2014 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sitti Asmah Hassan ◽  
Othman Che Puan ◽  
Nordiana Mashros ◽  
Nur Sabahiah Abdul Sukor
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Safety Margin ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Sight Distance ◽  
Safety Margins ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Decision Times

Overtaking is one of many important behaviour considered in the analysis of road traffic accidents and performance of single carriageway road. This paper seeks to determine factors affecting the speed of an overtaking vehicle. The study was conducted for a single carriageway road section which is flat and straight so that there is no effect of sight distance on overtaking. Overtaking behaviour data were recorded using a video camera. The data extracted from the video recordings were the decision times, overtaking times, overtaking distances, safety margins, accepted and rejected gaps, headways at the start of the overtaking manoeuvres, headways at the end of the overtaking manoeuvres, speed of the overtaken vehicle, speed of the overtaking vehicle at the end of the overtaking and acceleration of the overtaking vehicle during the overtaking. The data were analysed statistically to establish relationships between the various overtaking parameters. This study found that the speed of overtaking vehicle was affected by the speed of overtaken vehicle, drivers’ decision times, safety margin, overtaking times and acceleration.

Analysis of Rear-End Collision Accident of Urban Traffic Based on Safety Pre-Warning Algorithm

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sizhuo Wang ◽  
Wei Li ◽  
Chunyu Kong
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Urban Traffic ◽  
Effective Response ◽  
Collision Warning ◽  
Road Traffic Safety ◽  
Vehicle Collision ◽  
Property Losses

Abstract With the increase of per capita car ownership, traffic accidents frequently occur, in which rear-end collision accounts for 30% to 40% of the total accidents; thus, rear-end collision has become the primary factor of traffic environment deterioration. Therefore, how to improve road traffic safety and reduce the probability of rear-end collision has become a major social concern. In this study, based on the safety pre-warning algorithm, a vehicle collision model was built, and a vehicle anti-collision warning system was established. The calculation was performed based on the sample data to obtain the prediction value of vehicle collision time under different driving speeds, so as to provide drivers with effective response time and reduce the casualties and property losses caused by a vehicle collision. The experimental results showed that the accuracy rate of the pre-warning reached 80% when the speed was regarded as a variable, and the simulation results showed that the early pre-warning or delayed pre-warning rate was very low, and the timeliness rate reached 89%, which enables drivers to react quickly in the appropriate time and effectively reduces the risk of vehicle rear-end collision.

scholarly journals Safer roads for children in the United Arab Emirates

1999 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 277-281
Author(s):  
K. P. Dawson ◽  
A. Bener
Keyword(s):  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
The Public ◽  
Al Ain

A study was conducted to obtain a representative view of the parents of primary school children regarding which strategies should be employed to reduce the toll of road traffic accidents in the United Arab Emirates. A cross-sectional population-based study was conducted in Al-Ain, UAE, in which parents were asked to give their suggestions on how to make the roads safer for their children. Strategies aimed at reducing vehicle speed, improved personal driving, adherence to existing rules, and driver and pedestrian education were regarded as paramount. There is widespread awareness of road safety problems in the country and the public appears ready to accept major safety initiatives by government agencies

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