scholarly journals Pedestrian Throw Distance Prediction from Vehicle Damage Intensity

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 371-382
Author(s):  
Nenad Saulić ◽  
Zoran Papić ◽  
Zoran Ovcin
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Empirical Models ◽  
Ordinal Scale ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Vehicle Impact ◽  
Throw Distance ◽  
Distance Prediction ◽  
Pedestrian Collisions

One of the main points to be addressed when analysing vehicle-pedestrian collisions is the vehicle impact speed. If the traffic accident is not recorded on camera, and there are no skid marks nor tachograph in the vehicle, the parameter is determined on the basis of empirical models. All empirical models for ascertaining vehicle speed are based on the pedestrian throw distance, which is not always known because of an unidentified vehicle-pedestrian collision point or the final rest position of the pedestrian after collision. This paper shows a description of a vehicle damage recorded in an ordinal scale and determines the pedestrian throw distance prediction model from the vehicle damage established in such a way. If the accident scene is documented by photographs, the damage can be classified, and by applying a validated model, the pedestrian throw distance envisaged. Then, by applying an empirical model, one can determine the speed of the vehicle at the time of collision with a pedestrian. Two databases were formed during the research. The first is based on real-life traffic accidents (expert witnessing of the professors from the Faculty of Technical Sciences). The second is based on traffic accident simulations as part of PC Crash software package.

The Analysis and Research of Traffic Accident Velocity Based on C#

2014 ◽  
Vol 505-506 ◽  
pp. 1137-1142
Author(s):  
Li Lin ◽  
Ting Ting Lv
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Front Face ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Application Range ◽  
Collision Type ◽  
Side Collision ◽  
Speed Identification ◽  
Important Basis ◽  
Collision Angle

In the process of the traffic accidents confirmation, the identification of vehicle speed when accident occurred is often an important basis for accident confirmation. The paper firstly discusses the models of mechanics and solving method for the vehicle front face, rear end, sides face ,slanted side collision based on the theory of collision mechanics ,it describes how to identify the vehicle rate and collision angle based on the model simplification, the theoretical analysis for dealing with the complicated accidents. The common and formulas are studied based on the classical collision mechanics method. The application range, parameters involved in selection and influence of the formulas are analyzed in detail. Finally the program based on C# is developed according to the identified calculation process for vehicle speed of traffic accident. The vehicle speed is obtained by selecting the collision type, entering the relevant accident pattern, inputting the parameters and clicking the command button .The application can store, modify and display results conveniently , improve efficiency on vehicle speed identification effectively and reduce the processing cycle of traffic accident availably.

An Investigation on Speedometer Pointer Residual-Value of Crashing Vehicle and its Application in Accident Reconstruction

2012 ◽  
Vol 152-154 ◽  
pp. 1177-1182
Author(s):  
Yuan Quan ◽  
Xiao Qi Chen ◽  
Yi Bing Li
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Accident Reconstruction ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Damage And Failure ◽  
Vehicle Collision ◽  
Vehicle Impact ◽  
Speed Identification ◽  
Real Traffic

According to the experience of traffic accident investigation over the years, the pointer of some crashed vehicles’ speedometer will stay in one place because of collision spread or heavily vibration, which may indicate the vehicle collision speed. However, the correlation between the residual speed value and actual vehicle collision speed still remains to be examined. For the practical needs of traffic accident reconstruction, this research work is carried out. Based on the principles of traditional speedometers, vehicle impact mechanics and failure mechanism, the damage and failure mode of speedometer in collision are studied. Through the statistics of 15 real traffic accident cases, the features and law about the pointer information of damaged speedometers are obtained initially. As an example, one of these cases is analyzed and calculated to verify the assumption. The availability of the mark information on the indicated place of speedometer after accidents (i.e. the correlation between the speed value of pointers and actual vehicle collision speed) is discussed, which can provide effective means and references for accident reconstruction and vehicle speed identification.

scholarly journals Potentialities of Vehicle Trajectory Big Data for Monitoring Potentially Fatigued Drivers and Explaining Vehicle Crashes on Motorway Sections

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (15) ◽  
pp. 5877
Author(s):  
Hyunho Chang ◽  
Dongjoo Park
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Statistical Correlation ◽  
Vehicle Crashes ◽  
Trajectory Data ◽  
Accident Data ◽  
Vehicle Trajectory

Task-related fatigue, caused by prolonged driving, is a major cause of vehicle crashes. Despite noticeable academic achievements, monitoring drivers’ fatigue on road sections is still an ongoing challenge which must be met to prevent and reduce traffic accidents. Fortunately, individual instances of vehicle trajectory big data collected through advanced vehicle-GPS systems offer a strong opportunity to trace driving durations. We propose a new approach by which to monitor task-related fatigued drivers by directly using the ratio of potentially fatigued drivers (RFD) to all drivers for each road section. The method used to compute the RFD index was developed based on two inputs: the distribution of the driving duration (extracted from vehicle trajectory data), and the boundary condition of the driving duration between fatigued and non-fatigued states. We demonstrate the potentialities of the method using vehicle trajectory big data and real-life traffic accident data. Results showed that the measured RFD has a strong explanatory power with regard to the traffic accident rate, with a statistical correlation of 0.86 at least, for regional motorway sections. Therefore, it is expected that the proposed approach is a feasible means of successfully monitoring fatigued drivers in the present and near future era of smart-mobility big data.

scholarly journals Methods for Investigating Road Traffic Accidents Using Modern Automated Means

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 256-264
Author(s):  
O. V. Saraiev ◽  
S. V. Danez
Keyword(s):  
Road Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Video Image ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Reconstruction Process ◽  
Vehicle Movement

The paper presents investigation methods which are aimed at increasing an accuracy in determination of parameters for movement of vehicles in the reconstruction process of road traffic accidents. The problems with a target to improve a method for calculation of vehicle movement speed and location coordinates at different time moments have been solved in the paper. In order to determine more accurately nature of vehicle damage and their location on carriageway, a laser scanning method has been applied which makes it possible to reduce an error while determining dimensions and distances, and to shorten time for an inspection of the road traffic accident place. The presence of a scanned image in three-dimensional form allows more accurately to simulate nature and angle concerning approach of vehicles prior to a collision. A methodological support for determination of vehicle movement parameters has been developed on the basis of the recorded data from driving video recorders (DVRs). It has been established that an error in measuring a speed of movement for vehicles will depend on quality of a video image, length of the investigated area and range of possible speeds. A relative error will be the higher, the smaller we have vehicle speed range and length of the investigated section. A mathematical model of vehicle speed change in a differential form has been compiled and solved in the paper. The model allows to calculate a speed of motion at different time moments with respect to recording from driving video recorders. In addition, the developed methodology permits more accurately to determine coordinates of vehicle location on a photoand video image. This is especially important while determining places of pedestrian-road accident or vehicle collision location of the collision or the place of collision with regard to the edge of carriageway. Unlike subjective research methods when initial data for carrying out auto-technical investigations are established by interviewing witnesses and the accused, the proposed methods make it possible to permit reconstruction of a road traffic accident exclusively by objective methods with the help of automated technical means.

scholarly journals Application of Plane Homography for Vehicle Speed Calculations in Traffic Accident Investigations

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Qiang Chen ◽  
Hong-Guo Xu ◽  
Xiao-Feng Liu ◽  
Zhi-Wei Guan
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Frame Rate ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Control Points ◽  
Surveillance Video ◽  
Perspective Image ◽  
Orthographic Image ◽  
Plane Homography ◽  
The Moment

The analysis of vehicle speeds at the moment of traffic accidents is becoming increasingly important. To solve difficult calculations arising from video analysis when the shooting direction of the camera is the same as the driving direction of the vehicles, an improved plane homography method is proposed. This method is based on detecting the frame rate of and extracting all of the key image frames from a surveillance video. Next, a normalizing approach for the control points is proposed to reduce the ill-conditions of matrix calculations when the perspective image is rectified to an orthographic image. The information in the rectified image is then measured and recorded by extracting the mark point information. Finally, the corresponding curve of time and speed for the examined vehicle is created, which can be used to analyze the average braking deceleration of the accident-causing vehicle. This method can directly determine the speed of a vehicle using videos of a traffic accident without any reference to the dimensions of the vehicle itself. Considering an actual traffic accident as an example, the driving trajectories and velocity curves for two vehicles are obtained using this method. The proposed method can effectively overcome the shortcomings of the commonly used speed recognition methods and it is easy to utilize.

scholarly journals Potential of Highly Automated Vehicles for Monitoring Fatigued Drivers and Explaining Traffic Accidents on Motorway Sections

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Hyun-ho Chang ◽  
Byoung-jo Yoon
Keyword(s):  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Statistical Correlation ◽  
Trajectory Data ◽  
Road Section ◽  
Accident Data ◽  
Vehicle Trajectory

The near-future deployment of high-level automation vehicles (AVs) can render promising opportunities to solve ongoing hindrances in modern safety-related research. Monitoring fatigued drivers on any road section is one of these challenges. Vehicle trajectory big data, monitored through AVs, include key information with which to monitor fatigued drivers on roads. To mine this upcoming opportunity, a new data-driven approach which allows the direct monitoring of fatigued drivers on road segments is proposed here for the first time. A feasible study was conducted using big vehicle trajectory data and real-life traffic accident data. The results showed that fatigued drivers on a target road section can be successfully surveyed using the driving durations from departure locations to the target road section. It was found that, with a statistical correlation of 0.90, an index for fatigued drivers has strong explanatory power about the traffic accident rate. This finding indicates that the proposed method will be a promising means by which to monitor fatigued drivers at road locations in the upcoming era of autonomous vehicles. In addition, the method is immediately practicable if vehicle trajectory data are available.

scholarly journals Topography, the primary basis of the reconstruction of a traffic accident

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-285
Author(s):  
Fabio Nelson Rodríguez Ortega
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Criminal Investigation ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
3D Animation ◽  
Private Institutions ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Physical Evidence ◽  
Primary Basis

The following document applied to the investigation and reconstruction of traffic accidents, seeks to conceptualize the serious errors that exist in many public and private institutions when considering that the reconstruction of a traffic accident is to determine the vehicle speed, with one or more physical equations or in the worst case, a 2D or 3D animation of an alleged traffic accident dynamics, as well as explain confused concepts and procedures in the field of criminal investigation, specifically in the reconstruction of traffic accidents. Starting from the premise that the reconstruction of a violent  in traffic death essentially seeks the identification and clearancing of variables in the investigation, also exposing not very clear concepts regarding the topic of interest; from the above, important errors are determined in the concepts that we have of what is a forensic reconstruction, the hypotheses that are used in the sketch of traffic accidents in Colombia and the great errors that exist in the matter of fixing physical evidence (EF).

scholarly journals ANALISIS YURIDIS TINDAK PIDANA KECELAKAAN LALU LINTAS BERAKIBAT KEMATIAN (STUDI PENELITIAN DIWILAYAH HUKUM POLRES KOTA LHOKSEUMAWE)

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wahyu Maulana
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Mass Action ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Action Plans ◽  
Police Station ◽  
Traffic Police ◽  
The Road

The Law Number 22 of 2009 on Traffic and Transportation has given juridical regulation to traffic order. Numerous traffic accidents in the area of police station of Lhokseumawe city from 2016 to 2018 occurred due to the negligence of driver that cause casualties even death. The study aimed to describe the criminal act of traffic accident fatality and the causes in the area of Police Station of Lhokseumawe. The study also attempted to examine the efforts of the traffic police of police station in Lhokseumawe to manage the criminal act of traffic accident fatality and the obstacles. This study used qualitative methods with sociological juridical approach. Data obtained through library research and field research. Data analysis was conducted by using descriptive analysis. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the criminal act of traffic accident fatality in the area of police station in Lhokseumawe is caused by negligence (culpa) of driver and noncompliance with the traffic laws. Majority of the accident is caused by one vehicle overtaking another vehicle. While the efforts to manage violations of traffic law was carried out preventively and repressively by the police station of Lhokseumawe. However, it might not be able to eliminate the violation directly but it can give a warning to the traffic violator. To present an intact image of law to the public, it is suggested that the traffic police of Lhokseumawe city to handle traffic accidents using the strategy of single site (fixing sharp bend), mass action plans (coating the road surface), route action plans (improving traffic signs facilities), and area wide schemes (reducing vehicle speed on specific location), as well as improvements in the internal of police station in Lhokseumawe city. Keywords: Juridical Analysis, Criminal Act, Accident, Traffic

scholarly journals ANALISIS YURIDIS TINDAK PIDANA KECELAKAAN LALU LINTAS BERAKIBAT KEMATIAN (STUDI PENELITIAN DIWILAYAH HUKUM POLRES KOTA LHOKSEUMAWE)

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wahyu Maulana ◽  
Husni H ◽  
Romi Asmara
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Mass Action ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Action Plans ◽  
Police Station ◽  
Traffic Police ◽  
The Road

The Law Number 22 of 2009 on Traffic and Transportation has given juridical regulation to traffic order. Numerous traffic accidents in the area of police station of Lhokseumawe city from 2016 to 2018 occurred due to the negligence of driver that cause casualties even death. The study aimed to describe the criminal act of traffic accident fatality and the causes in the area of Police Station of Lhokseumawe. The study also attempted to examine the efforts of the traffic police of police station in Lhokseumawe to manage the criminal act of traffic accident fatality and the obstacles. This study used qualitative methods with sociological juridical approach. Data obtained through library research and field research. Data analysis was conducted by using descriptive analysis. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the criminal act of traffic accident fatality in the area of police station in Lhokseumawe is caused by negligence (culpa) of driver and noncompliance with the traffic laws. Majority of the accident is caused by one vehicle overtaking another vehicle. While the efforts to manage violations of traffic law was carried out preventively and repressively by the police station of Lhokseumawe. However, it might not be able to eliminate the violation directly but it can give a warning to the traffic violator. To present an intact image of law to the public, it is suggested that the traffic police of Lhokseumawe city to handle traffic accidents using the strategy of single site (fixing sharp bend), mass action plans (coating the road surface), route action plans (improving traffic signs facilities), and area wide schemes (reducing vehicle speed on specific location), as well as improvements in the internal of police station in Lhokseumawe city. Keywords: Juridical Analysis, Criminal Act, Accident, Traffic

ADHD is a Risk Factor of Road Crashes: A Purposive Study of Finding Relation between ADHD and Road Traffic Accident in Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (08) ◽  
pp. 20531-20536
Author(s):  
Nusrat Shamima Nur ◽  
M. S. l. Mullick ◽  
Ahmed Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Road Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Fatality Rate ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Crashes ◽  
Road Crash ◽  
Day By Day

Background: In Bangladesh fatality rate due to road traffic accidents is rising sharply day by day. At least 2297 people were killed and 5480 were injured in road traffic accidents within 1st six months of 2017.Whereas in the previous year at 2016 at least 1941 people were killed and 4794 were injured within the 1st six months. No survey has been reported in Bangladesh yet correlating ADHD as a reason of impulsive driving which ends up in a road crash.

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