Diversity of Microbial Communities under High Flocculating Characteristics by Biolog

2013 ◽  
Vol 316-317 ◽  
pp. 618-621
Author(s):  
Shan Li ◽  
Yan Bin Zhu ◽  
Fang Ma ◽  
Deng Xin Li
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Functional Diversity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Diversity Analysis ◽  
Pca Analysis ◽  
Wastewater Samples ◽  
High Level

So far, the study on diversity of microbial community which produces flocculating substances is relatively few. In this paper, soil, activated sludge and wastewater samples are collected from 21 different places, and then are cultivated in 5 different media. 5 different colony groups form large amounts of slime externally, which having high level of flocculation activities. Biolog is used to analysis the functional diversity of microbial communities.The microbial community BF-BCT having highest flocculating capability. The AWCD analysis results shows that the micro be in the BF-BCT utilized more carbons compared with the other six colony groups. In addition, the diversity analysis has similar conclusions with PCA analysis.

Effect of oxytetracycline on performance and microbial community of an anoxic–aerobic sequencing batch reactor treating mariculture wastewater

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (66) ◽  
pp. 53893-53904 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sen Wang ◽  
Mengchun Gao ◽  
Zhe Wang ◽  
Zonglian She ◽  
Chunji Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Sequencing Batch Reactor ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Dgge Profile

The DGGE profile illustrates that the microbial communities of activated sludge exhibit obvious variations under OTC stress.

Insights gained into activated sludge nitrification through structural and functional profiling of microbial community response to starvation stress

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 884-896 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob W. Metch ◽  
Hong Wang ◽  
Yanjun Ma ◽  
Jennifer H. Miller ◽  
Peter J. Vikesland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Community Response ◽  
Biological Nutrient Removal ◽  
Starvation Stress ◽  
Functional Profiling ◽  
Proper Design

An improved understanding of nitrifying microbial communities in wastewater treatment is imperative for proper design and operation of biological nutrient removal systems.

Composition and Physiological Profiling of Sprout-Associated Microbial Communities

2002 ◽  
Vol 65 (12) ◽  
pp. 1903-1908 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANABELLE MATOS ◽  
JAY L. GARLAND ◽  
WILLIAM F. FETT
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Microbial Community Structure ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
The Other ◽  
Independent Effect ◽  
Patterns Of Utilization ◽  
Plate Counts ◽  
Alfalfa Sprouts

The native microfloras of various types of sprouts (alfalfa, clover, sunflower, mung bean, and broccoli sprouts) were examined to assess the relative effects of sprout type and inoculum factors (i.e., sprout-growing facility, seed lot, and inoculation with sprout-derived inocula) on the microbial community structure of sprouts. Sprouts were sonicated for 7 min or hand shaken with glass beads for 2 min to recover native microfloras from the surface, and the resulting suspensions were diluted and plated. The culturable fraction was characterized by the density (log CFU/g), richness (e.g., number of types of bacteria), and diversity (e.g., microbial richness and evenness) of colonies on tryptic soy agar plates incubated for 48 h at 30°C. The relative similarity between sprout-associated microbial communities was assessed with the use of community-level physiological profiles (CLPPs) based on patterns of utilization of 95 separate carbon sources. Aerobic plate counts of 7.96 ± 0.91 log CFU/g of sprout tissue (fresh weight) were observed, with no statistically significant differences in microbial cell density, richness, or diversity due to sprout type, sprout-growing facility, or seed lot. CLPP analyses revealed that the microbial communities associated with alfalfa and clover sprouts are more similar than those associated with the other sprout types tested. Variability among sprout types was more extensive than any differences between microbial communities associated with alfalfa and clover sprouts from different sprout-growing facilities and seed lots. These results indicate that the subsequent testing of biocontrol agents should focus on similar organisms for alfalfa and clover, but alternative types may be most suitable for the other sprout types tested. The inoculation of alfalfa sprouts with communities derived from various sprout types had a significant, source-independent effect on microbial community structure, indicating that the process of inoculation alters the dynamics of community development regardless of the types of organisms involved.

scholarly journals A coexistence theory in microbial communities

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 180476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Dohi ◽  
Akihiko Mougi
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Equilibrium State ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Abundance Ratio ◽  
The Other ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Coexistence Theory ◽  
Different Types

Microbes are widespread in natural ecosystems where they create complex communities. Understanding the functions and dynamics of such microbial communities is a very important theme not only for ecology but also for humankind because microbes can play major roles in our health. Yet, it remains unclear how such complex ecosystems are maintained. Here, we present a simple theory on the dynamics of a microbial community. Bacteria preferring a particular pH in their environment indirectly inhibit the growth of the other types of bacteria by changing the pH to their optimum value. This pH-driven interaction always causes a state of bistability involving different types of bacteria that can be more or less abundant. Furthermore, a moderate abundance ratio of different types of bacteria can confer enhanced resilience to a specific equilibrium state, particularly when a trade-off relationship exists between growth and the ability of bacteria to change the pH of their environment. These results suggest that the balance of the composition of microbiota plays a critical role in maintaining microbial communities.

scholarly journals Unravelling the Functional Diversity of the Soil Microbial Community of Chinese Fir Plantations of Different Densities

Forests ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaoqun Wang ◽  
Lin Xue ◽  
Yuhong Dong ◽  
Yihui Wei ◽  
Ruzhen Jiao
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Soil Microbial Community ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Stand Density ◽  
Chinese Fir ◽  
Soil Microbial

The structure and function of forest ecosystems are directly or indirectly affected by their stand density. However, what effect the density of Chinese fir plantations has on the functional diversity of the soil microbial community remains unclear. The microbial metabolic functional diversity of soils sampled at the topsoil (0–20 cm) of 35-year-old Chinese fir plantations of five initial densities (D1: 1667 stems∙hm−2, D2: 3333 stems∙hm−2, D3: 5000 stems∙hm−2, D4: 6667 stems∙hm−2, and D5: 10,000 stems∙hm−2) was studied by using Biolog ECO technology. The results showed that the soil pH, oxidizable organic carbon (SOOC), available N (AN), available P (AP), and available K (AK) contents all showed a gradual increase from D1 to D4 and a decrease from D4 to D5, while the number of culturable bacteria and total microorganisms, the average well color development (AWCD) values for the single carbon substrate and six types of carbon sources used by the microbial community, as well as the Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H’), Pielou evenness index (J), and McIntosh Diversity Index (U), were the opposite, suggesting that low-densities favored C and N mineralization and the nutrient cycle. The density of Chinese fir plantations had a significant effect on the use of carbohydrates, amino acids, carboxylic acids, and phenolic acids by the soil microbial community, but it had no significant effect on the use of polymers (p < 0.05). Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that carbohydrates, polymers, and phenolic acids were sensitive carbon sources that caused differences in the metabolic functions of soil microbial communities in Chinese fir plantations. Redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that physicochemical factors have a significant influence on the metabolic function of soil microbial communities (RDA1 and RDA2 explained >85% variance). The changes in density affected the soil physicochemical properties, the composition, and the metabolic functional diversity of microbial communities in Chinese fir plantations, which is certainly useful for the stand density regulation of Chinese fir plantations.

Linking microbial community structure to pollution: Biolog-substrate utilization in and near a landfill leachate plume

2000 ◽  
Vol 41 (12) ◽  
pp. 47-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. F. Rüling ◽  
B. M. van Breukelen ◽  
M. Braster ◽  
H. W. van Verseveld
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Microbial Community Structure ◽  
Landfill Leachate ◽  
Substrate Utilization ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Leachate Plume

Previously, we observed that microbial community structure and functional diversity in aquifers might be enhanced by landfill leachate infiltration. To study this hypothesis, groundwater samples were taken near the Banisveld landfill, The Netherlands. Based on hydrochemical parameters, the samples clustered into two groups. One group corresponded to polluted samples from the plume of landfill leachate and the second group to clean samples from outside the plume. Most Probable Number-Biolog was used to select Eco Biolog plates with similar inoculum densities. Analysis of substrate utilization profiles of these plates revealed that anaerobic microbial communities in polluted samples clustered separately from those in clean samples. Especially substrates containing an aromatic nucleus were more utilized by microbial communities in the leachate plume. Both substrate richness and functional diversity were significantly enhanced in the plume of pollution. This study shows that community-level physiological profiling is a useful and simple tool to distinguish between anaerobic microbial communities in and near a landfill leachate plume.

The Diversity of Activated Sludge Microbial Communities as Described by the Fundamental Niche Concept

1988 ◽  
Vol 20 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 39-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Simpkin
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Community Diversity ◽  
Fundamental Niche ◽  
Niche Concept ◽  
Denitrifying Microorganisms ◽  
The Many

The fundamental niche concept provides a means of describing the structure and diversity of an activated sludge microbial community. The concept explains community diversity by describing the many traits of each microorganism species and how these traits may or may not be involved in providing the mechanism for the specie to proliferate in a given environment. This paper develops the concept of the fundamental niche as it relates to activated sludge communities. The ability to denitrify is provided as an example of how the concept may be used to explain the proliferation of denitrifying microorganisms under non-denitrifying conditions.

scholarly journals Biolog for the determination of microbial diversity in activated sludge systems

2001 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. van Heerden ◽  
M. M. Ehlers ◽  
T. E. Cloete
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Microbial Diversity ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Microbial Community Composition ◽  
Species Evenness ◽  
Biolog Gn ◽  
Activated Sludge Systems

In this study, different carbon source profiles were generated by inoculating Biolog GN microwell plates, with different dilutions of microbial communities from a number of activated sludge systems. This led to the successful generation of patterns reflecting diversity and evenness in the different systems. The high number of substrates utilized at the lower dilutions (10–1 and 10–2) indicated a high microbial diversity in the community, but not necessarily evenness of each species. Evenness of each species was reflected upon further dilution. Our results indicated differences in the microbial community composition amongst some of the activated sludge systems studied. These differences were not specifically related to phosphate removing and non phosphate removing systems.

A peek in the micro-sized world: a review of design principles, engineering tools, and applications of engineered microbial community

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 399-409
Author(s):  
Baizhen Gao ◽  
Rushant Sabnis ◽  
Tommaso Costantini ◽  
Robert Jinkerson ◽  
Qing Sun
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Environmental Remediation ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Design Principles ◽  
Microbial Interactions ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
New Gene ◽  
Global Biogeochemical Cycles ◽  
Synthetic Microbial Communities

Microbial communities drive diverse processes that impact nearly everything on this planet, from global biogeochemical cycles to human health. Harnessing the power of these microorganisms could provide solutions to many of the challenges that face society. However, naturally occurring microbial communities are not optimized for anthropogenic use. An emerging area of research is focusing on engineering synthetic microbial communities to carry out predefined functions. Microbial community engineers are applying design principles like top-down and bottom-up approaches to create synthetic microbial communities having a myriad of real-life applications in health care, disease prevention, and environmental remediation. Multiple genetic engineering tools and delivery approaches can be used to ‘knock-in' new gene functions into microbial communities. A systematic study of the microbial interactions, community assembling principles, and engineering tools are necessary for us to understand the microbial community and to better utilize them. Continued analysis and effort are required to further the current and potential applications of synthetic microbial communities.

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