A Study on Effect of Intelligent Speed Adaptation (ISA) to Bus Drivers

2013 ◽  
Vol 393 ◽  
pp. 982-987
Author(s):  
N.M. Hanif Zamakhshari ◽  
Ahmad Khushairy Makhtar ◽  
M. Hanif Ramli
Keyword(s):  
Speed Limit ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Speed Profile ◽  
Bus Drivers ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Speed ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Intelligent Speed Adaptation ◽  
Attention Level ◽  
Local Speed

ntelligent Speed Adaptation (ISA) is a system that constantly monitors vehicle speed, local speed limit on a road and implements an action such as giving warning or discourages the drivers when the vehicle is detected to be exceeding the speed limit. A GPS connected to digital speed map allows Intelligent Speed Adaptation technology to continuously update the vehicle speed limit to the road speed limit. The main purpose of this project is to study the speed profile and effect on drivers psychology on Intelligent Speed Adaptation to bus drivers before and after the intervention of ISA technology. An experiment was conducted on GPS-ISA instrument involving about 20 respondents of Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Shah Alam Campus bus drivers from various backgrounds. The instrument used to collect data is GPS-ISA device. The data gained from GPS-ISA device is speed profile to specify the speeding and speed variation. To evaluate drivers psychology, a set of questionnaire was designed. The data gained from questionnaire are attention level, stress level, and ISA acceptance level. The result of total differences for all 20 respondents between the average speed before and after the intervention for Zone 1 to Zone 5 was-8.95 km/h. For drivers psychology results, most of the respondents are willing to use ISA system if given a chance. Majority of respondents did not felt any stress and distraction while driving by using ISA system. For conclusion, the ISA system proved to be efficiently reduced speed of busses in UiTM Shah Alam campus zone and can be used as an initiative in order to assist bus drivers to reduce speed of vehicles especially in campus zone.

scholarly journals European birds adjust their flight initiation distance to road speed limits

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 20130417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Legagneux ◽  
Simon Ducatez
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Structure ◽  
Territory Size ◽  
Speed Limit ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Flight Initiation Distance ◽  
Speed Limits ◽  
Behavioural Responses ◽  
Road Speed ◽  
Flight Initiation ◽  
Local Speed

Behavioural responses can help species persist in habitats modified by humans. Roads and traffic greatly affect animals' mortality not only through habitat structure modifications but also through direct mortality owing to collisions. Although species are known to differ in their sensitivity to the risk of collision, whether individuals can change their behaviour in response to this is still unknown. Here, we tested whether common European birds changed their flight initiation distances (FIDs) in response to vehicles according to road speed limit (a known factor affecting killing rates on roads) and vehicle speed. We found that FID increased with speed limit, although vehicle speed had no effect. This suggests that birds adjust their flight distance to speed limit, which may reduce collision risks and decrease mortality maximizing the time allocated to foraging behaviours. Mobility and territory size are likely to affect an individuals' ability to respond adaptively to local speed limits.

Allocating Blame for Airbag Deployment Injuries: Separating Manufacturers' Blame from Personal Responsibility

2001 ◽  
Vol 45 (20) ◽  
pp. 1458-1462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Kalsher ◽  
Kevin J. Williams ◽  
Sarah M. Denio
Keyword(s):  
Personal Responsibility ◽  
Driving Behavior ◽  
Good Faith ◽  
Speed Limit ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
The Road ◽  
Injured Party ◽  
Safety Features ◽  
Side Airbag

This study examined how people allocate blame for injuries sustained from the deployment of a driver-side airbag. Participants read one of several versions of a fictitious scenario in which the driver of an automobile is injured by a deploying airbag after a driver swerves into oncoming traffic to avoid striking a child who has run into the road. The scenarios depicted a driver sitting within the airbag's deployment zone and varied in the following ways: the stature of the injured driver (small or large); severity of the injury resulting from the deployment of the airbag (permanent blindness in one eye versus quadriplegia); vehicle speed at impact (15 m.p.h. above versus driving at the posted speed limit); and the safety-worthiness of the vehicle (an elaborate system of safety features versus the absence of these features). When assigning blame for the injuries sustained in the crash, participants appeared sensitive to both the quality of the vehicle's safety system and the driving behavior of the injured party. The manufacturer of the “safe” vehicle was held significantly less responsible than the manufacturer of the vehicle lacking these safety features. However, driver behavior also exerted a significant effect on allocation of blame. Injured drivers depicted as traveling significantly above the speed limit were assigned significantly more blame than their counterparts depicted as driving at the speed limit. This finding suggests that people take other factors into account, including personal responsibility, when assigning blame. Perhaps the most important finding of this research, and one that supports previous research on this topic, is that safety pays. When companies are perceived as making a good faith attempt to look out for the safety of their customers, their customers, in return, may be less likely to hold them responsible when injuries do occur.

Effects of Speed Bumps and Humps on Motorcycle Speed Profiles

2014 ◽  
Vol 931-932 ◽  
pp. 536-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wichuda Satiennam ◽  
Thaned Satiennam ◽  
Pornsiri Urapa ◽  
Tussawan Phacharoen
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Passenger Car ◽  
The Road ◽  
Acceleration Rate ◽  
Major Mode ◽  
Before And After ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Speed Humps

In developed countries, the use of speed humps and bumps have evolved from extensive research and testing which been properly designed and standardized. On the contrary in developing countries, no systematic and scientific studies have been carried out on that environment, especially the study on the effects that the motorcyclists response to the humps and bumps. This study therefore reveals the riders behavior when negotiating their speed to the devices. A case study was conducted in the provincial cities of Thailand where the motorcycle was a major mode of transportation. Six locations with speed humps and bumps were selected. Vehicles passing times were simultaneously recorded at 12 points along each traffic calmed link. From these data, a speed profile for each individual vehicle and for a link could be derived. It is found that speed humps and bumps have critically different impacts on motorcycle rider and passenger car driver. The smaller size speed bumps could effectively control the rider speed but have diverse impacts on the driver. These speed differences could post more safety deficiency to the site. The effect of the device on riders behavior, however, is restricted to a short spatial range (about 20-30 m before and after the device). For the speed humps, the motorcycle speeds are quite varied depending mainly on the road terrain. It is found that the motorcyclists have significant lower acceleration rate on the upgrade terrain when compared to the passenger car. Therefore, it is important to take all these rider characteristics into considerations when design the road humps to control vehicle speed in the developing countries.

scholarly journals A Study on the Effect of Intelligent Speed Adaptation (ISA) by Using Human Speech and the Acceptance

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.27) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Ahmad Khushairy Makhtar ◽  
Ahmed Khameini ◽  
. .
Keyword(s):  
Speed Limit ◽  
Important Criterion ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Traffic Fatalities ◽  
Bus Drivers ◽  
Speed Limits ◽  
Human Speech ◽  
Advisory System ◽  
Vehicle System ◽  
Intelligent Speed Adaptation

Intelligent Speed Adaptation (ISA) is an in-vehicle system that support drivers compliance with the speed limit. ISA is in fact a collective term for various different systems. Today, speeding was listed as the major cause of road accidents and traffic fatalities worldwide. By having a reliable and acceptable system that could alert the drivers about the speed limit in any particular areas, it will help in reducing the number of road accidents worldwide. This study was conducted to develop a system of Intelligent Speed Adaptation (ISA) by using GPS that would alert the bus drivers in UiTM Shah Alam about speed limits in any particular areas and it must be reliable and acceptable. This research is to determine the factors of acceptance from the drivers towards the ISA system. The system developed was an advisory system. Hence, the way this system give warning about the speed limit to the driver is an important criterion to be taken care of. The output parameter of for this study is the driver’s acceptance towards this ISA system and they must be happy to have this system inside their vehicles.  

Koala mortality on roads in south-east Queensland: the koala speed-zone trial

2003 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 419 ◽  
Author(s):  
David S. Dique ◽  
Jim Thompson ◽  
Harriet J. Preece ◽  
Guy C. Penfold ◽  
Deidré L. de Villiers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Destruction ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Trial Period ◽  
Speed Limits ◽  
Phascolarctos Cinereus ◽  
The Road ◽  
Queensland Department ◽  
Road Speed ◽  
Differential Speed ◽  
Healthy Males

In 1995, the Queensland Parks and Wildlife Service, the Queensland Department of Main Roads and Redland Shire Council initiated the Koala Speed Zone Trial in the Koala Coast, south-east Queensland. The aim of the trial was to assess the effect of differential speed signs on the number of koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus) hit by vehicles in the Koala Coast from 1995 to 1999. On the basis of information collected by the Queensland Parks and Wildlife Service 1407 koalas were hit by vehicles in the Koala Coast during the five-year study (mean 281 koalas per year, range 251–315). Monitoring of vehicle speeds by the Queensland Department of Main Roads suggested that there was no significant reduction in vehicle speed during the trial period from August to December. Consequently, there was no evidence to suggest that a reduction in the number of koalas hit by vehicles occurred during the trial. Approximately 70% of koalas were hit on arterial and sub-arterial roads and approximately 83% did not survive. The location of each koala hit was recorded and the signed speed limit of the road was noted. Most koalas that were hit by vehicles were young healthy males. Pooling of data on koala collisions and road speed limits suggested that the proportion of koalas that survived being hit by vehicles was slightly higher on roads with lower speed limits. However, vehicle speed was not the only factor that affected the number of koalas hit by vehicles. It is suggested that habitat destruction, koala density and traffic volume also contribute to road-associated koala mortality in the Koala Coast.

A Simulation Study of Vehicle Curve Speed Control System

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong H. Lee ◽  
Weiwen Deng
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Coming Out ◽  
Vision System ◽  
Speed Control ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Speed Profile ◽  
Simulation Studies ◽  
Lateral Dynamics ◽  
The Road ◽  
Speed Control System

In this paper, a speed control system for vehicle approaching, traveling, and coming out of a curve is investigated using simulation. In order to assist driver in ahcieving safer and more comfortable curve following performance, vehicle speed is controlled using the preview data of the road ahead, which is obtained from the GPS and Map or vision system. The control system is comprised of a method for determining a desired curve speed profile to help achieve the best cornering performance for an up-coming curve and regulating vehicle speed toward the desired speed. The lateral dynamics of vehicle is used for computing the desired speed for a curve. From the current vehicle speed and the desired speed profile, the acceleration profile for a curve ahead of the vehicle is computed. Then, the acceleration command is generated to slow the vehicle so the driver can achieve the optimal curve following. From the simulation studies, it is concluded that the system can potentially improve driver cornering performance.

Automatic Speed Control System for Vehicle Approaching and Driving on a Curve

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong H. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Speed Control ◽  
Control Mode ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Speed Profile ◽  
Sensors And Actuators ◽  
Driving Mode ◽  
The Road ◽  
Speed Control System ◽  
Actuator Control

Based on the curvature information for an upcoming road, an automatic speed control system regulates vehicle speed to improve vehicle curve following performance. The road information is extracted from a digitally stored map using the current vehicle position obtained from Global Positioning System (GPS) data. Then, a safe curve speed is determined using the lateral dynamics of vehicle in turn to ensure proper curve handling. Other factors, such as vehicle characteristics, driver preferences, and road and environment conditions are also considered so that vehicle safety and driver comfort are enhanced. An acceleration command is generated from the current vehicle speed and the desired curve speed profile. Driving mode, such as conservative, normal, or aggressive mode, can be selected from the console for a desired driving style. The gain and preview time to determine the vehicle cornering speed are selected according to driver’s preference. The functional blocks of the system include computation of the road curvature, determination of a desired curve speed profile for the best cornering performance for an upcoming curve, and regulation of vehicle speed toward the desired speed. Signal input blocks and actuator control blocks are added to interface with the bus oriented sensors and actuators. The entrance and exit conditions block checks for various vehicle status signals to enter or exit the curve speed control mode gracefully. It also generates a diagnostic message when map data is absent or an error occurs on acceleration command computation. The vehicle studies indicated that the curve speed control system is effective in regulating vehicle speed during curve following maneuvers.

scholarly journals The effectiveness of new 3D visual effect speed hump in speed reduction

2018 ◽  
Vol 250 ◽  
pp. 02001
Author(s):  
Kamarudin Ambak ◽  
Suhailah Jemari ◽  
Basil David Daniel ◽  
Mohd Hanifi Othman ◽  
Muhamad Nazri Borhan
Keyword(s):  
Hypothesis Test ◽  
Speed Limit ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Visual Effect ◽  
Speed Reduction ◽  
Housing Area ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

Intersection is a function of parsing and altering traffic movement. The safety of vehicle manoeuvres at the junction depends on the minimum speed. The purpose of this study is to identify the effectiveness of the usage of temporary speed hump (3D visual effect) to reduce vehicles speed approaching a Priority Junction. This study was conducted at three (3) different residential locations namely Taman Murni, Kampung Merdeka and Taman Bahagia Koperasi in Batu Pahat area. These intersections were chosen because it connects one housing area to another and acts as a short-pass to a destination. Based on the observational activity, there were some traffic conflicting and potential for accidents at the intersection as well. The speed data were collected using laser guns and filled into special forms including date, location, weather, start and end time of observation and also the category of vehicles passed through the intersection. A hypothesis test was conduct to analyze the vehicle speed data before and after installation of the temporary a new 3D visual effect of speed hump. The results were analyzed using the Chi-Square test in Statistical Package for Science Social (SPSS) software. The Chi-Square analysis demonstrates that the effectiveness of using temporary a new 3D visual effect of speed hump is significant statistically (p<0.05, χ2== 291.575). Majority vehicles (74%) were complied with speed limit when approaching intersection compared to 26% of vehicles who do not to do so. In addition, there was decline in the number of uninterrupted vehicles can be seen after parking traffic. Therefore, the study confirmed that drivers who speeding over the speed limit zones before approaching the intersection might be intervened after the installation of the new 3D visual effect of speed hump.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Impact of Traffic Violation Monitoring on the Vehicle Speeds of Urban Main Road: Taking China as an Example

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Fuquan Pan ◽  
Yongzheng Yang ◽  
Lixia Zhang ◽  
Changxi Ma ◽  
Jinshun Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Probability Density ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Maximum Speed ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Main Road ◽  
The Road ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Traffic Violation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Monitoring Area

In recent years, there are more and more applications of traffic violation monitoring in some countries. The present work aims to analyze the vehicle speeds nearby road traffic violation monitoring area on urban main roads and find out the impact of road traffic violation monitoring on the vehicle speeds. A representative urban main road section was selected and the traffic flow was recorded by camera method. The vehicle speeds before, within, and after the road traffic violation monitoring area were obtained by the calculation method. The speed data was classified and processed by SPSS software and mathematical method to establish the vehicle speed probability density models before, within, and after the road traffic violation monitoring area. The results show that the average speed and maximum speed within the traffic violation monitoring area are significantly slower than those before and after the traffic violation monitoring area. 70.1% of the vehicles before the road traffic violation monitoring area were speeding, and 80.2% of the vehicles after the road traffic violation monitoring area were speeding, while within the road traffic violation monitoring area, the speeding vehicles were reduced to 15.9%. When vehicles pass through the road traffic violation monitoring area, the vehicle speeds tend to first decrease and subsequently increase. In its active area, road traffic violation monitoring can effectively regulate driving behaviors and reduce speeding, but this effect is limited to the vicinity of the traffic violation monitoring. The distribution of vehicle speeds can be calculated from vehicle speed probability density models.

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