scholarly journals The effectiveness of new 3D visual effect speed hump in speed reduction

2018 ◽  
Vol 250 ◽  
pp. 02001
Author(s):  
Kamarudin Ambak ◽  
Suhailah Jemari ◽  
Basil David Daniel ◽  
Mohd Hanifi Othman ◽  
Muhamad Nazri Borhan
Keyword(s):  
Hypothesis Test ◽  
Speed Limit ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Visual Effect ◽  
Speed Reduction ◽  
Housing Area ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

Intersection is a function of parsing and altering traffic movement. The safety of vehicle manoeuvres at the junction depends on the minimum speed. The purpose of this study is to identify the effectiveness of the usage of temporary speed hump (3D visual effect) to reduce vehicles speed approaching a Priority Junction. This study was conducted at three (3) different residential locations namely Taman Murni, Kampung Merdeka and Taman Bahagia Koperasi in Batu Pahat area. These intersections were chosen because it connects one housing area to another and acts as a short-pass to a destination. Based on the observational activity, there were some traffic conflicting and potential for accidents at the intersection as well. The speed data were collected using laser guns and filled into special forms including date, location, weather, start and end time of observation and also the category of vehicles passed through the intersection. A hypothesis test was conduct to analyze the vehicle speed data before and after installation of the temporary a new 3D visual effect of speed hump. The results were analyzed using the Chi-Square test in Statistical Package for Science Social (SPSS) software. The Chi-Square analysis demonstrates that the effectiveness of using temporary a new 3D visual effect of speed hump is significant statistically (p<0.05, χ2== 291.575). Majority vehicles (74%) were complied with speed limit when approaching intersection compared to 26% of vehicles who do not to do so. In addition, there was decline in the number of uninterrupted vehicles can be seen after parking traffic. Therefore, the study confirmed that drivers who speeding over the speed limit zones before approaching the intersection might be intervened after the installation of the new 3D visual effect of speed hump.

scholarly journals A Randomized, Controlled, Parallel-Group, Trial on the Effects of Melatonin on Fatigue Associated with Breast Cancer and Its Adjuvant Treatments

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 153473542098834
Author(s):  
Abdolazim Sedighi Pashaki ◽  
Kamal Mohammadian ◽  
Saeid Afshar ◽  
Mohammad Hadi Gholami ◽  
Abbas Moradi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Adjuvant Chemotherapy ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Severe Fatigue ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Brief Fatigue Inventory ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Student’S T

Objective: Fatigue associated with malignant conditions and their treatments is a disabling condition. This trial assessed the anti-fatigue effects of melatonin coadministration during adjuvant treatment of patients with the breast cancer. Material and Methods: Patients with breast cancer were randomly assigned to receive melatonin or placebo during adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Thirty-seven patients were randomly enrolled in each group. The mean ages of patients in the intervention and control groups were 50.47 ± 10.79 and 46.05 ± 10.55 years, respectively ( P = .223). The intervention group received oral melatonin (18 mg/day) from 1 week before until 1 month after the adjuvant radiotherapy. The level of fatigue was assessed before and after intervention using Brief Fatigue Inventory (BFI) in both groups. To analyze data, the Student’s t-test and the Chi-square test were used at a significance level of P ≤ .05. Results: The BFI score was similar before the intervention in both groups, however, after the intervention, it was significantly lower in the melatonin group ( P < .001). Moreover, the frequency of severe fatigue in the melatonin group was significantly lower than in the placebo group after intervention (42.1% vs 83.3%, P < .001). Conclusion: Coadministration of melatonin during adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy of women with breast cancer decreased the levels of fatigue associated with the malignant condition and its treatments.

scholarly journals 252 COMPARISON OF TWO SPERM SEPARATION PRODUCTS FOR USE IN BOVINE IVF

2005 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 276 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Pryor ◽  
S. Romo ◽  
D.D. Varner ◽  
K. Hinrichs ◽  
C.R. Looney
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Concentration ◽  
Embryo Production ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Live Sperm ◽  
Sperm Separation

In commercial bovine in vitro fertilization (IVF) companies, there is a continuous need to improve results. Efforts to maximize in vitro embryo production have included modifications in the use of sperm separation gradients. The development of commercially available sperm centrifugation gradients represents a new possibility of increasing the number of viable sperm that can be obtained from low concentration (fresh or frozen, sexed or unsexed) semen samples in order to improve the efficiency of the IVF system to make embryo production as efficient as possible. The objective of this study was to compare two different separation gradients, as follows: Group 1: Percoll (Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA), in 45% and 90% gradients; Group 2: EquiPure (Nidacon, Gathenburg, Sweden), in top and bottom layers. Before and after separation, sperm were evaluated at 200× magnification for total motility, and then stained to assess viability at 400× with fast-green/eosin stain (Sigma). Sperm separation was performed using frozen/thawed semen from one bull. Semen was separated by centrifugation at 200g for 30 min in both density gradients. Results obtained from Groups 1 and 2 were compared by chi-square test. Sperm separation with Percoll yielded lower numbers of sperm (average sperm concentration after separation of 92 × 106, vs. 159 × 106 sperm/mL for EquiPure; P < 0.05) but resulted in higher motility (60% vs. 39%, respectively; P < 0.05) of separated sperm. Rates of live sperm cells were not significantly different between groups (69.5% vs. 70%, respectively; P > 0.1). These results indicate that the commercial separation medium EquiPure may be associated with higher sperm concentration levels but with lowered sperm motility when compared to Percoll for bovine sperm separation. However, Equipure provided similar percentages of live sperm when compared to Percoll, which is currently used in our laboratory.

Abstract P841: The Impact of a Dedicated Pediatric Stroke Discharge Plan Upon Parent Preparedness for Clinic: Before and After the Start of Covid-19

Stroke ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cindy Nederveld ◽  
Vivian Thompson ◽  
Jacqueline Murray ◽  
Jennifer L Armstrong ◽  
Megan Barry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multidisciplinary Care ◽  
Clinic Visit ◽  
Outpatient Setting ◽  
Pediatric Stroke ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Discharge Plan ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Appointment Time ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
The Impact

Background: The Colorado Pediatric Stroke Program provides comprehensive, multidisciplinary care for pediatric stroke patients and their families. The team, which includes dedicated inpatient and outpatient nurse coordinators, instituted a plan to support the transition from the inpatient to outpatient setting. Purpose: A survey was used to determine family preparedness for clinic and ease of scheduling their appointment. The data were collected before and after enacting remote scheduling and telehealth visits due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Our team provided educational materials and an outpatient appointment time to families at time of discharge starting in 2019. In January 2020, the stroke clinic staff surveyed parents and guardians about their preparedness for clinic. Telehealth encounters were initiated due to COVID-19 in March 2020, with staff conducting RedCAP surveys by telephone. The survey measured several components of visit preparedness and satisfaction including: understanding of diagnosis, reason for referral prior to clinic visit, familiarity with the stroke team prior to clinic visit, and ease in appointment scheduling. We compared results before and after March 2020 via two-tailed chi-square analysis or two-tailed Fischer’s test. Results: Prior to telehealth, families favorably reported responses with 92% (47/52) knowing the reason for referral, 86% (42/49) receiving educational material prior to clinic, and 84% (42/50) reporting familiarity with our team. All patients (50/50) reported that scheduling was easy. Only scheduling ease had a significant change during the pandemic, with 11% (2/11) of patients reporting difficulties with scheduling after starting telehealth ( P=0.03 ). Conclusion: Childhood stroke is a disease with significant morbidity and mortality, requiring close follow-up care. Families report robust preparedness for clinic after the implementation of a comprehensive discharge plan. Although small numbers, remote scheduling and telehealth transition may present previously unseen barriers to scheduling during the pandemic. During abrupt changes in clinical operations additional scheduling resources may be needed to ensure continuity of care.

Change in perception of sclerotherapy results after exposure to pre–post intervention photographs

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 282-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabricio R Santiago ◽  
Mario Piscoya ◽  
Yung-Wei Chi
Keyword(s):  
Varicose Veins ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Clinical Severity ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Severity Scores ◽  
Venous Clinical Severity Score ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Chi Square Test

Objective To evaluate patients’ self-perception of cosmetic improvement before and after they were presented with pre- and postprocedure photographs after sclerotherapy with 75% dextrose. Methods Treatments included sclerotherapy of reticular and varicose veins using 75% dextrose. All treated limbs were photographed and classified according to Clinical, Etiology, Anatomy, and Pathology classification and Venous Clinical Severity Score pre- and posttreatment. The patients were queried before and after viewing the photos during these visits and indicated if they were very unsatisfied, dissatisfied, satisfied, or very satisfied. Nonparametric kappa correlation coefficient and a Chi square test were used to measure associations among agreement (p < 0.05 indicated statistical significance). The paired Wilcoxon test was used to compare statistical differences in mean Venous Clinical Severity Scores measured at different times (p < 0.05 indicated statistical significance). Data were analyzed using STATA software (version 12). Results Individuals were more satisfied with the results of sclerotherapy after exposure to images portraying their limbs two months after the procedure (p = 0.0028). This effect was maintained six months after sclerotherapy (p = 0.0027). Conclusion Patient exposure to pre- and postsurgical photographs is a simple intervention with the potential of improving patient satisfaction up to six months after treatment with sclerotherapy.

scholarly journals Anatomical and functional significance of ectopic inner foveal layer (EIFL) in epiretinal membrane (ERM)

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 366-371
Author(s):  
Sunil Ganekal ◽  
Varun Ganekal
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Epiretinal Membrane ◽  
Visual Outcome ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Epiretinal Membranes ◽  
Stage 4 ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Stage 1

To compare the visual acuity outcomes after surgical treatment of epiretinal membranes (ERM) in cases with and without ectopic inner foveal layers (EIFL). : A total of 100 eyes of 98 patients with idiopathic ERM were retrospectively staged according to the newer OCT classification and divided into two groups on the basis of presence or absence of EIFL. The two groups were evaluated for various parameters including visual acuity, thickness of the EIFL, re-appearance of the foveal contour, outer retinal changes and complications before and after ERM peeling. Correlation analysis was done using chi square test and p-values were obtained for corresponding variables.: Of 100 eyes with ERM, 20% had stage 1, 29% had stage 2, 42% had stage3 & 9% had stage 4 disease. VA was worse in eyes with EIFL as compared those without it. Correlation of VA with EIFL thickness however was not significant. Surgical removal of ERM didn’t alter EIFL frequency though the thickness decreased. New EIFL appeared in 4% eyes and 35% demonstrated thickened fovea after surgery. Anatomical reappearance of foveal contour was poorer in eyes with EIFL. Outer retinal changes were more common in non EIFL eyes. Lamellar holes and nontractional cysts were more common in EIFL eyes.: EIFL is a significant prognostic tool to predict the visual outcome of surgery in cases of Epiretinal membrane. EIFL eyes did not regain foveal contour, had less outer retinal damage but were associated with poorer visual outcomes.

scholarly journals EFEKTIVITAS PENDEKATAN SCIENCE ENVIRONMENT TECHNOLOGY AND SOCIETY BERBASIS CTL TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 140-148
Author(s):  
Arif Rahman Hakim ◽  
Muhammad Sururuddin ◽  
Nur Haqiqi
Keyword(s):  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Science Learning ◽  
Hypothesis Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Technology And Society ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Normality Test ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Post Test

This study aims to determine the effectivenes of the CTL based SETS approach to student science learning outcomes in fourth grade. This type of research used in this study is an experimental research design using one group pretest-posttes. The sample used was 27 peoples who were grade IV. Data collection techniques using observation and test descriptions to determine student learning outcomes that are assessed using an assessment rubric. Before the data were analyzed, the instrument was tested for validity and reliability. After the research was carried out and the data collected, the pre-test and post-test results were analyzed. The pretest result reached an average of 64.98 into the sufficient category. Then at the posttest the average overall score is 71.28 in the good category. For the requirement test, data analysis was carried out by using the chi-square normality test, while the hypothesis testing technique used the t-test. Hypothesis test results obtained tcount>ttable. It means the conclution that there are differences in student science learning outcomes before and after the Science, Environment, Technology, And Society approaches are used based on CTL in grade IV SDN 6 Masbagik Selatan in the 2020/2021 academic year.

scholarly journals MAJORITY/PLURALITY SYSTEMS: THE CHOICE OF LEAST DEVELOPED COUNTRIES?

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (Suppl.1) ◽  
pp. 107-114
Author(s):  
D. Pastarmadzhieva
Keyword(s):  
Hypothesis Test ◽  
Electoral System ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Regime Type ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Least Developed Countries ◽  
Electoral Process ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test

The electoral system of a country is related to the political, economic and social areas of life. Their functioning directly or indirectly depends on it and the different types and subtypes of electoral systems produce different effects. The purpose of the current study is to identify if there is a relation between the statute of the least developed countries and their electoral system. The object of the study are countries, defined as least developed in 2018 by the United Nations. The focus is the type of electoral system for the legislative body (or its lower chamber in case of bicameralism) of these countries, their regime type, overall score and the score for electoral process and pluralism according to EIU Democracy Index 2018. For the purposes of the analysis statistical methods (frequencies, hypothesis test and chi-square test) and comparative approach are used. The results show that there is statistically significant relationship between the statute of least developed countries and their electoral system on one hand and their regime type on other. There is also a statistically significant difference in the scores of least developed countries compared to all others regarding the evaluation of democracy and the electoral process and pluralism.

scholarly journals The Effect of the Covid-19 Free Operation Path Protocol on the Incidence of Lung Complications in Postoperative Elective Patients at dr. Moewardi Hospital Surakarta

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 1030-1036
Author(s):  
Galih Aktama ◽  
Henky Agung Nugroho ◽  
Muhammad David Perdana Putra
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Elective Surgery ◽  
Pulmonary Complications ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Elective Surgical Procedures ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Elective Patients

The pandemic that began in late 2019, COVID-19, affects all patients, including cancer patients. Patients with cancer that continues to spread and  there is no other effective alternative treatment must undergo surgery so that cancer does not get worse. Given this problem, many health care centers have developed a protocol system in the form of a COVID-19-free surgical route. This study is a retrospective cohort study comparing the incidence of pulmonary complications in patients undergoing elective cancer surgery at dr. Moewardi Surakarta before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study sample was adult patients  aged ≥ 18 years which underwent elective surgical procedures with the aim of curative cancer starting before COVID-19 (March 2019-February 2020) until the time the COVID-19 pandemic emerged (March 2020 - February 2021). The data obtained were 768 patients. Of these patients, 384 were classified as having a COVID19-free operation route during the pandemic, and 384 others underwent elective surgery in the pre-pandemic period. Based on the Chi-Square test, a p-value of 0.850 was obtained (P>0.05) which shows that there is significant difference between cases of pulmonary complications in surgical patients before and after the pandemic who were carried out through the COVID-19-free protocol route. In conclusion, there is no significant change in effect of the covid-19 free operation path protocol on the incidence of lung complications in postoperative elective patients at dr. Moewardi Hospital Surakarta, although this patented and mandatory protocol can reduce cancer patients’ morbidity and mortality who undergoing elective surgery during a pandemic.

THE RELATIONS BETWEEN WORKING POSITION WITH NON-SPECIFIC NECK PAIN ON LAUNDRY WORKERS IN DENPASAR CITY

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ni Made Wahyuni Dewi ◽  
Nila Wahyuni ◽  
Luh Putu Ratna Sundari
Keyword(s):  
Neck Pain ◽  
Hypothesis Test ◽  
Neck Disability Index ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Neck Disability

Non-specific neck pain is a neck pain caused by bad posture in the long term. Laundry workers who everyday often perform activities ironing for a long time at risk of non-specific neck pain due to working position that are not ergonomic. The purpose of this research is to determine the relation between working position with non-specific neck pain on laundry worker in Denpasar City. This research is cross sectional analytic research with purposive sampling. The number of sample is 60 workers with the range of age 20-40 years. Independent variable measured is working position with RULA method, while the dependent variable measured is non-specific neck pain with Neck Disability Index Questionnaire. Hypothesis test used is Chi-Square Test. The resulted of Chi-Square Test on working position with non-specific neck pain variable shown the result of p value is 0,00 or p < 0,05. Based on the results of this study it can be concluded that found a significant relationship between working position against non-specific neck pain on laundry worker in Denpasar City. Keywords: Working Position, Non-Specific Neck Pain, Laundry Worker.

scholarly journals 53 Does the Community Geriatrician’s Role in Advanced Care Planning Help Community Dwellers Achieve Their Preferred Place of Care?

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. i14-i17
Author(s):  
K Honney ◽  
H Judd ◽  
A Mitchell ◽  
H Nash ◽  
J Ford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
End Of Life ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Care Home ◽  
Education Programme ◽  
Care Planning ◽  
Advanced Care Planning ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Community Dwellers

Abstract Introduction Advanced Care Planning (ACP) is well established for patients with terminal cancer diagnoses but is poorly utilised when caring for elderly patients with other terminal illnesses. We aimed to assess the effectiveness of ACP in our older, community dwellers following a period of increased awareness. Methods A closed loop audit was undertaken, assessing deaths from a dementia care home within rural Norfolk, before and after implementation of an education and focus programme (cycle 1=Jan 2017-Jan 2018, cycle 2: Feb 2018-Jan-2019). Deceased patients were identified from care home records and data from electronic hospital and general practice records were analysed. Results were compared according to existing guidance outlined in the Palliative Gold Standards Framework (GSF) and Department of Health End of Life Care Strategy 2009. Compliance between cycles was compared using the chi-square test with p=.05 indicative of statistical significance. Results 59 patients were included (median age=84, male=31). Results of the audit for each criterion are shown in table 1. More patients achieved their preferred place of care (PPOC) following the implementation of the education programme, with access to end of life medications significantly improving. Conclusions Increasing awareness and understanding of ACP in the community has been shown to improve compliance with GSF standards, particularly access to end of life medications. Further efforts are still required to improve care and a third cycle is scheduled for January 2020, following further training.

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