The Influence of Diatomite Types and Compatibilizer Content on Properties of Diatomite-Wood Flour/Polypropylene Composites

2013 ◽  
Vol 448-453 ◽  
pp. 1363-1368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Li Liu ◽  
Guo Zhi Han ◽  
Yan Long Liu ◽  
Chun Feng Li
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Wood Flour ◽  
Flow Property ◽  
Wood Plastic Composite ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Polypropylene Composites ◽  
Plastic Composite ◽  
Single Screw Extruder ◽  
Reinforcing Material ◽  
Properties Of Composites

Based on diatomite as modifier, maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene as compatibilizer, wood flour as reinforcing material, through single screw extruder, diatomite based wood plastic composite was prepared. The results show that: compared with one-grade-diatomite (OGD) and two-grade-diatomite (TGD), mechanical properties of the composites prepared by calcined diatomite (CD) are better, tensile strength and impact strength reached 46.9MPa and 20.1MPa. With respect to the diatomite types, it is more significant for the effects of MAPP mass on the mechanical properties of composites. The amount of MAPP was controlled in 4%, the mechanical properties of composites are better. The study of rheological properties showed that, the flow property of composites produced by calcined diatomite is better; the interface of the composite components is closer and more superior processability.

Mechanical and Interfacial Properties of Hydrolyzed Kevlar Fiber Reinforced Wood Flour/HDPE Composites

2011 ◽  
Vol 221 ◽  
pp. 27-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rong Xian Ou ◽  
Qing Wen Wang ◽  
Fei Pin Yuan ◽  
Bao Yu Liu ◽  
Wei Jun Yang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Wood Flour ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Kevlar Fiber ◽  
Single Screw ◽  
Single Screw Extruder ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Matrix Morphology

Hydrolyzed Kevlar fibers (KFs) were compouded into high-density polyethylene (HDPE) with wood flour (WF) by twin-screw/single-screw extruder to investigate the reinforcement effects of KFs on the mechanical properties of conventional WF/HDPE composites. Maleated HDPE (MAPE) was used as a compatibilizer. The mechanical properties significantly improved as the KFs loading increases in the presence of 4% MAPE, such as tensile strength 14.7%, tensile modulus 12.4%, flexural strength 22.2%, flexural modulus 22.4%, and impact strength 41.7% with 2 wt.% KFs compared to WF/HDPE composite with MAPE. The fiber matrix morphology of the interface region in the composites was examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

Sandwiched Wood-Plastic Composites with Flame-Retardant Skin

2010 ◽  
Vol 150-151 ◽  
pp. 358-361
Author(s):  
Wen Lei ◽  
Hong Ming Ma ◽  
Yi Xu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Oxygen Index ◽  
Wood Flour ◽  
Wood Plastic Composite ◽  
Wood Plastic Composites ◽  
The Core ◽  
Plastic Composite ◽  
Plastic Composites

In order to improve the flame retardancy of wood-plastic composites,a new sandwiched composite is introduced in this paper with basic magnesium sulfated whisker(MOS) filled high density polyethylene(HDPE) as skin and wood flour filled HDPE as core.The oxygen index of the skin and the mechanical properties of the whole sandwiched composite are investigated. The results show that, the flame retardancy of the skin will be improved siginicantly when much MOS is used,and the skin containing 40wt% MOS has an oxygen index of 25.6%,in addition,the sandwiched composite in which both the mass contents of MOS in the skin and wood flour in the core are 40% has better mechanical properties than the traditional wood plastic composite(WPC) without any skin,and the sandwiched WPC is more fatigue-resistant.

Mechanical and Morphological Properties of Meranti Wood Flour Filled Polypropylene Composites

2016 ◽  
Vol 840 ◽  
pp. 91-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bashree Abu Bakar ◽  
Mohamad Najmi Masri ◽  
Mohd Hazim Mohamad Amini ◽  
Mazlan Mohamed ◽  
Muhammad Azwadi Sulaiman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Wood Flour ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Polypropylene Composites ◽  
Plastic Composites ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Injection Molded ◽  
Fibre Matrix ◽  
Scanning Electron

Wood plastic composites (WPC) have been produced by compounding meranti wood flour (WF) with polypropylene (PP) copolymer using a twin-screw extruder. The meranti WF content was varied from 30 to 60 wt.%. The mechanical properties, i.e. tensile, flexural and impact of the composites were determined on injection-molded specimens. The tensile fractured surfaces were used to study the morphological properties of the composites. The result shows that the increment in WF content has given a significant improvement in modulus properties but at the expense of strength and toughness properties. A commercial maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene (MAPP) compatibilizer at 5 wt.% was incorporated into the PP40/WF60 formulation. The strength, stiffness and toughness properties were improved significantly in the presence of MAPP. The morphology of the composites was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The improvement of the fibre-matrix adhesion between the WF and PP matrix as revealed by SEM is believed to be one of the major reasons for the improved mechanical properties.

scholarly journals Development of a single screw extruder for the production of wood-plastic composite

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 53-69
Author(s):  
Temidayo Omoniyi ◽  
Dare Adesanya
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Helix Angle ◽  
Wood Plastic Composite ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Single Screw ◽  
Shaft Diameter ◽  
Plastic Composite ◽  
Single Screw Extruder ◽  
Maximum Period ◽  
Specific Mechanical Energy

This study was carried out to design, fabricate, assemble and evaluate the performance of a laboratory scale wood-plastic composite (WPC) single screw extruder that can be used for recycling wood and plastic waste materials using locally sourced materials based on availability, strength and cost effectiveness. The extruder is separated into four units; the feeding, conveying, heating and forming unit. The designed parts were; the hopper capacity, the shaft diameter, the screw dimensions (pitch, helix angle and diameter), and the capacity on the conveyor (feed throats, compression and metering units) units. The developed machine was evaluated by using it in extruding low density plastic wastes and gmelina (Gmelina arborea) sawdust. The results showed a hopper capacity of 38.3m3, shaft diameter of 60mm, screw dimensions (diameter=20mm, pitch=50mm, and helix angle = 17.650 ). The performance evaluation of the machine indicated an efficiency of 85% for the machine at an operating speed of 268rpm (4.5rps) with a throughput of 17.55kg/hr during a maximum period of 5 minutes. The mean water absorption (0.45-13.68%) and thickness swelling (0.14 - 0.94%) observed for the composites produced compared favorably with those reported in literature for WPCs recommended for non-structural indoor application purposes. The wood contents and soaking period had effects on the sorption properties and not the effectiveness or ineffectiveness of the machine. The machine conserves cost and energy due to low specific mechanical energy consumption of 191.21kJ/kg.

Tensile and Impact Properties Evaluation for Enviro-Recycled Wood Plastic Composite of PP/r-WF

2011 ◽  
Vol 52-54 ◽  
pp. 2082-2087 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeefferie Abd Razak ◽  
A.R. Toibah ◽  
M.Yaakob Yuhazri ◽  
Bin Abd Rashid Mohd Warikh ◽  
Nooririnah Binti Omar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Structural Engineering ◽  
Applied Load ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Wood Flour ◽  
Impact Behavior ◽  
Wood Plastic Composite ◽  
Structural Application ◽  
Plastic Composite ◽  
Environmental Friendly

The potential of recycled wood flour (r-WF) addition to the thermoplastics polypropylene (PP) matrix for the composites in structural application is evaluated. The effects of different r-WF loading to the tensile and impact mechanical structural properties are analyzed. Two types of polypropylene resin which are the virgin and the recycled resin and recycled wood flour as reinforcement materials are utilized as raw materials in the composites fabrication. Various mechanical testing was conducted in accordance to ASTM standard, to study the behavior of the composites mechanical properties to the applied load. The best compounding formulation of enviro-recycled composite was found at 60wt% of PP matrix and 40wt% of the wood flour addition for both of virgin and recycle matrix. Overall experimental results showed that, the increasing of r-WF loading had significantly increased the mechanical properties of produced composite which is suitable to be applied in the application of structural engineering, through the advantage of mechanical properties performance in tensile and impact behavior. Conclusively, this finding is hoped to lead for contribution in the development of newly advanced material that is environmental friendly for the use of structural application.

scholarly journals Development of a Single Screw Extruder For The Production of Wood-Plastic Composite

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Screw Conveyor ◽  
Wood Plastic Composite ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Speed Test ◽  
Single Screw ◽  
Plastic Composite ◽  
Single Screw Extruder ◽  
Specific Mechanical Energy

A wood-plastic composite extruder (single screw extruder) was designed, fabricated and evaluated to recycle and produce a product for non-structural purposes. The extruder is separated into four units: The feeding, conveying, heating and forming unit. The material is fed by gravity into a hopper and conveyed by a screw conveyor at a predetermined speed through a heated barrel and the extrudate is metered through the breaker plate and the die. The output rate is directly related to the screw speed. Test samples were produced with the machine and experimental tests were conducted to determine its suitability for non-structural purposes and applications. The performance evaluation test on the machine shows that at speeds of 4rpm and 50.25rpm, the machine performs at 87% and 82% efficiency respectively which makes it effective for production. The machine takes a maximum of 5mins to recycle a batch with an average capacity of 14.04kg/hr at 4rpm and 17.55kg/hr at 50.25rpm. The machine conserves cost and energy due to low specific mechanical energy consumption of 191.21kJ/kg

scholarly journals The effect of wood particle size distribution on the mechanical properties of wood–plastic composite

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arif Delviawan ◽  
Yoichi Kojima ◽  
Hikaru Kobori ◽  
Shigehiko Suzuki ◽  
Kenji Aoki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Milling Time ◽  
Wood Flour ◽  
Wood Plastic Composite ◽  
Wet Milling ◽  
Plastic Composite ◽  
Drying Conditions

AbstractCommercial wood flour of pine (Pinus densiflora) was used as an experimental material. It was milled with different milling times 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 60, and 120 min to investigate the effect of their particle size distribution on the mechanical properties of the wood–plastic composite. Two kinds of drying conditions, 7 days of freeze-drying at a temperature of −45 °C and heat drying (80 °C) for 24 h were applied. Polypropylene and maleic anhydride-grafted polypropylene were used as a matrix and the compatibilizer of the wood–plastic composite compound, respectively. Particle size analysis showed that an increase in the time of ball milling decreased the wood flour size. However, an excessive milling period of time longer than 40 min corresponded to an increase in the amount of aggregation. Scanning electron microscope images showed the existence of aggregation for the wood flour with 120 min of wet milling time. As the particle size decreased, mechanical properties of wood–plastic composite increased for up to 30 min of wet milling time and then slightly decreased. This behavior might be due to aggregation. The optimum mechanical property was obtained at 30 min of wet milling time under freeze-drying conditions.

Mechanical Properties of 3D-Printed Wood-Plastic Composites

2018 ◽  
Vol 777 ◽  
pp. 499-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ossi Martikka ◽  
Timo Kärki ◽  
Qing Ling Wu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Wood Plastic Composite ◽  
Wood Plastic Composites ◽  
Plastic Composite ◽  
Plastic Composites ◽  
3D Printed

3D printing has rapidly become popular in both industry and private use. Especially fused deposition modeling has increased its popularity due to its relatively low cost. The purpose of this study is to increase knowledge in the mechanical properties of parts made of wood-plastic composite materials by using 3D printing. The tensile properties and impact strength of two 3D-printed commercial wood-plastic composite materials are studied and compared to those made of pure polylactic acid. Relative to weight –mechanical properties and the effect of the amount of fill on the properties are also determined. The results indicate that parts made of wood-plastic composites have notably lower tensile strength and impact strength that those made of pure polylactic acid. The mechanical properties can be considered sufficient for low-stress applications, such as visualization of prototypes and models or decorative items.

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