scholarly journals Conceptual Design of Flapping Wing Using Shape Memory Alloy Actuator for Micro Unmanned Aerial Vehicle

2014 ◽  
Vol 629 ◽  
pp. 152-157
Author(s):  
Navanitha Marimuthu ◽  
Ermira Junita Abdullah ◽  
Dayang L.A. Majid ◽  
Fairuz I. Romli
Keyword(s):  
Shape Memory Alloy ◽  
Shape Memory ◽  
Conceptual Design ◽  
Smart Materials ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Flapping Wing ◽  
Complex Environments ◽  
Reduce Operating Cost ◽  
Air Vehicle ◽  
Aerial Vehicle

Micro Air Vehicle (MAV) has the capability to fly autonomously in complex environments which enables human to conduct surveillance in areas which are deemed too dangerous or in confined spaces that does not allow human entry. Research and development of MAVs aim to reduce their size further, thus novel techniques need to be explored in order to achieve this objective while still maintaining the MAVs’ current performance. In this paper, a conceptual design of an MAV with a main drive system using shape memory alloy (SMA) actuator to provide the flapping motion is proposed. SMA is considered superior to other smart materials due to its efficiency and large energy storage capacity. By incorporating SMA in the flapping wing MAV, it will provide users the flexibility to add more payloads by reducing bulky cables or reduce operating cost by using less fuel. However, there are some drawbacks in using SMAs such as nonlinear response of the strain to input current and hysteresis characteristic as a result of which their control is inaccurate and complicated.

Experimental Validation and Numerical Simulation of Shape Memory Flat Wire Actuators

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Czechowicz ◽  
Sven Langbein
Keyword(s):  
Shape Memory Alloy ◽  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Shape Memory ◽  
Smart Materials ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Dynamic Properties ◽  
Fatigue Behavior ◽  
Different Boundary Conditions ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Actual Shape

Shape memory alloys (SMA) are thermally activated smart materials. Due to their ability to change into a previously imprinted actual shape through the means of thermal activation, they are suitable as actuators for mechatronical systems. Despite of the advantages shape memory alloy actuators provide, these elements are only seldom integrated by engineers into mechatronical systems. Reasons are the complex characteristics, especially at different boundary conditions and the missing simulation- and design tools. Also the lack of knowledge and empirical data are a reason why development projects with shape memory actuators often lead to failures. This paper deals with the dynamic properties of SMA-actuators (Shape Memory Alloy) — characterized by their rate of heating and cooling procedures — that today can only be described insufficiently for different boundary conditions. Based on an analysis of energy fluxes into and out of the actuator, a numerical model of flat-wire used in a bow-like structure, implemented in MATLAB/SIMULINK, is presented. Different actuation parameters, depending on the actuator-geometry and temperature are considered in the simulation in real time. Additionally this publication sums up the needed empirical data (e.g. fatigue behavior) in order to validate the numerical two dimensional model and presents empirical data on SMA flat wire material.

Shape memory alloy–actuated prestressed composites with application to morphing automotive fender skirts

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 479-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Venkata Siva C Chillara ◽  
Leon M Headings ◽  
Ryohei Tsuruta ◽  
Eiji Itakura ◽  
Umesh Gandhi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shape Memory Alloy ◽  
Shape Memory Alloys ◽  
Shape Memory ◽  
Smart Materials ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Smart Composite ◽  
Thermally Induced ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Flat Shape

This work presents smart laminated composites that enable morphing vehicle structures. Morphing panels can be effective for drag reduction, for example, adaptive fender skirts. Mechanical prestress provides tailored curvature in composites without the drawbacks of thermally induced residual stress. When driven by smart materials such as shape memory alloys, mechanically-prestressed composites can serve as building blocks for morphing structures. An analytical energy-based model is presented to calculate the curved shape of a composite as a function of force applied by an embedded actuator. Shape transition is modeled by providing the actuation force as an input to a one-dimensional thermomechanical constitutive model of a shape memory alloy wire. A design procedure, based on the analytical model, is presented for morphing fender skirts comprising radially configured smart composite elements. A half-scale fender skirt for a compact passenger car is designed, fabricated, and tested. The demonstrator has a domed unactuated shape and morphs to a flat shape when actuated using shape memory alloys. Rapid actuation is demonstrated by coupling shape memory alloys with integrated quick-release latches; the latches reduce actuation time by 95%. The demonstrator is 62% lighter than an equivalent dome-shaped steel fender skirt.

Evaluation of the Mechanical Properties of Glass/Epoxy Composite by Embedding Shape Memory Alloy and Nanoclay

2021 ◽  
Vol 1019 ◽  
pp. 3-11
Author(s):  
Niranjan Pattar ◽  
S.F. Patil ◽  
Pratik Patil ◽  
Iranna Anikivi ◽  
Shridhar Hiremath
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Shape Memory Alloy ◽  
Shape Memory ◽  
Smart Materials ◽  
Epoxy Composite ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Clay Concentration ◽  
Impact Characteristics

Embedding smart materials in the composite to enhance mechanical strength have become a research hotspot owing to their unique properties. The present research also focus on novel way to fabricate composite by embedding Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) wire and montmorillonite (MMT) nanoclay by varying clay concentration (0-7 wt.%). The extent of dispersion of nanoclay in epoxy resin was studied using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Fabricated samples were examined for tensile, flexural and impact characteristics. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was used to study the adhesion, delamination and damage occurred within the composite due to tensile loading. Results shows that the tensile strength, flexural strength and impact energy of SMA/MMT/glass/epoxy composite was improved by 23%, 21% and 57% respectively, when it was compared with composite with glass/epoxy composite.

Adaptive predictive control of a novel shape memory alloy rod actuator

2020 ◽  
pp. 095965182097448
Author(s):  
S Farzaneh Hoseini ◽  
S Ali MirMohammadSadeghi ◽  
Alireza Fathi ◽  
Hamidreza Mohammadi Daniali
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Shape Memory Alloy ◽  
Shape Memory ◽  
Predictive Control ◽  
Smart Materials ◽  
Position Control ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Recursive Least Square ◽  
Shape Memory Alloy Actuator ◽  
Hysteresis Nonlinearity

Shape memory alloys are among the highly applicable smart materials that have recently appealed to scientists from various fields of study. In this article, a novel shape memory alloy actuator, in the form of a rod, is introduced, and an adaptive model predictive control system is designed for position control of the developed actuator. The need for such an advanced control system emanates from the fact that modeling and controlling of shape memory alloy actuators are thwarted by their hysteresis nonlinearity, dilatory response, and high dependence on environmental conditions. Real-time identification and dynamic parameter estimation of the model are addressed according to orthogonal Laguerre functions and recursive least square algorithm. In the end, the designed control system is implemented on the experimental setup of the fabricated shape memory alloy actuator. It is observed that the designed control system successfully tracks the variable step and sinusoidal control references with startling accuracy of ±1 μm.

Investigation of Active Disassembly in Large Force Applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 143 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hoda Abuzied ◽  
Ayman Abbas ◽  
Mohamed Awad ◽  
Hesham Senbel
Keyword(s):  
Shape Memory Alloy ◽  
Shape Memory ◽  
Smart Materials ◽  
Direct Contact ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Large Displacements ◽  
Large Force ◽  
Active Disassembly ◽  
Design And Manufacturing ◽  
Active Joints

Abstract Active disassembly (AD) is an emerging field of research in design for disassembly that enables a cost-effective nondestructive separation of product components. It is based on using active joints and fasteners that enables the self-disassembly of products without any direct contact between the product and the operator, where these joints and fasteners must be inserted in the product during its design and manufacturing phases. Generally, active joints and fasteners are made of smart materials such as shape memory alloys (SMAs), that can generate the necessary disassembly forces required to separate the different components of the product. Most of the exerted effort in this field of research was focused on separating products requiring small disassembly forces either in the electronic or automotive sectors. All these active disassembly applications were based on using shape memory alloy snap fits, clips, or wires that are characterized by their ability to generate small forces with large displacements. As, up to the authors knowledge, none of the exerted efforts were concerned with investigating the possibility of using the large disassembly forces that could be generated using shape memory alloy actuators in large force active disassembly applications. Consequently, the presented research aims to examine the possibility of applying active disassembly with products requiring large disassembly forces, having tapered surfaces and large mechanical structure. By presenting two case studies to validate the possibility of using active disassembly with large force applications, in addition to investigating the capability of using shape memory alloy actuators assembled either concentric or eccentric with the product structure.

An Ablation Parameter Study and Micromachining of NiTi Based Shape Memory Alloy Using Femtosecond Laser

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nitin Uppal ◽  
Panos S. Shiakolas
Keyword(s):  
Shape Memory Alloy ◽  
Femtosecond Laser ◽  
Shape Memory ◽  
Smart Materials ◽  
Interaction Mechanism ◽  
Laser Pulses ◽  
Femtosecond Laser Pulses ◽  
Niti Shape Memory Alloy ◽  
Parameter Study ◽  
New Applications

The use of femtosecond lasers for the micromachining of engineering materials with micro and submicron size features is slowly but steadily increasing. This increase though presents challenges in understanding the interaction mechanism of femtosecond laser pulses with a material and defining process parameters for quality machining. This manuscript will present the setup for a 3DOF femtosecond laser microfabrication (FLM) system and its use in studying the ablation (single and multi shot) characteristics and incubation coefficient of nickel-titanium (NiTi) shape memory alloy. Understanding of these characteristics could allow for the identification of new applications of smart materials in the macro, micro, nano and MEMS domains.

Experimental investigation of vibration reduction using shape memory alloys

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo AA Aguiar ◽  
Marcelo A Savi ◽  
Pedro MCL Pacheco
Keyword(s):  
Dynamical Systems ◽  
Shape Memory Alloy ◽  
Shape Memory Alloys ◽  
Shape Memory ◽  
Smart Materials ◽  
Experimental Analysis ◽  
Vibration Reduction ◽  
Dynamical Response ◽  
Temperature Variations ◽  
Experimental Apparatus

Smart materials have a growing technological importance due to their unique thermomechanical characteristics. Shape memory alloys belong to this class of materials being easy to manufacture, relatively lightweight, and able to produce high forces or displacements with low power consumption. These aspects could be exploited in different applications including vibration control. Nevertheless, literature presents only a few references concerning the experimental analysis of shape memory alloy dynamical systems. This contribution deals with the experimental analysis of shape memory alloy dynamical systems by considering an experimental apparatus consisted of low-friction cars free to move in a rail. A shaker that provides harmonic forcing excites the system. The vibration analysis reveals that shape memory alloy elements introduce complex behaviors to the system and that different thermomechanical loadings are of concern showing the main aspects of the shape memory alloy dynamical response. Special attention is dedicated to the analysis of vibration reduction that can be achieved by considering different approaches exploiting either temperature variations promoted by electric current changes or vibration absorber techniques. The results establish that adaptability due to temperature variations is defined by a competition between stiffness and hysteretic behavior changes.

scholarly journals DYANMIC ANALYSIS OF SHAPE MEMORY ALLOY OSCILLATORS IN ACTIVE SUSPENSION SYSTEM

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-25
Author(s):  
Rusul Saad Ahmed ◽  
Qasim Abaas Atiyah ◽  
Imad Abdlhussein Abdulsahib
Keyword(s):  
Shape Memory Alloy ◽  
Shape Memory ◽  
Vibration Control ◽  
Smart Materials ◽  
Original System ◽  
Vibration Absorber ◽  
Dynamic Vibration Absorber ◽  
Temperature Variations ◽  
Dynamic Vibration ◽  
Experimental Apparatus

Smart materials have a growing technological importance due to their unique thermomechanical characteristics. Shape memory alloys belong to this class of materials being easy to manufacture, relatively lightweight, and able to produce high forces or displacements with low power consumption. These aspects could be exploited in different applications including vibration control. A dynamic vibration absorber (DVA) can be used as an effective vibration control device. It is essentially a secondary mass, attached to an original system via a spring and damper. The natural frequency of the DVA is tuned such that it coincides with the frequency of unwanted vibration in the original system. This work aims to develop a dynamic vibration absorber with the help of shape memory alloy (SMA) springs in order to attenuate the vibration for a range of excitation frequencies. The experimental apparatus consisted of low-friction cars free to move in a rail. A shaker that provides harmonic forcing excites the system. Special attention is dedicated to the analysis of vibration reduction that can be achieved by considering different approaches exploiting temperature variations promoted either by electric current changes or by vibration absorber techniques. The results established that adaptability due to temperature variations is defined by modulus of stiffness

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