Mass Fraction Burn Comparison of Compressed Natural Gas and Gasoline

2014 ◽  
Vol 660 ◽  
pp. 442-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Devarajan Ramasamy ◽  
Z.A Zainal ◽  
R.A. Bakar ◽  
K. Kadirgama
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Engine Speed ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Cylinder Pressure ◽  
Compressed Natural Gas ◽  
Crank Angle ◽  
Vehicle Efficiency ◽  
Burn Rate ◽  
Pressure Analysis

Vehicle efficiency relates to pollutants and cost savings in third world countries. In term of subcompact cars, the vehicle characteristics are governed by the engine for alternative fuels. The main focus of this paper was to evaluate a sub compact car engine for its performance and burn rate of gasoline and Compressed Natural Gas (CNG). A bi-fuel sequential system was used to do this evaluation. Measurements of engine speed, torque and fuel were done on an eddy current dynamometer, while measurements or in-cylinder pressure, crank angle and spark were analyzed from results taken by data acquisition system. The emissions readings were also compared from an emission analyzer. The results were analyzed for burn rate based on the first law of thermodynamic. The comparison shows a drop of 18.6% was seen for the power, brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) loss was 7% and efficiency loss was at 17.3% in average for all engine speed. Pressure analysis shows peak pressure dropped by 16%. Burn rate shows why CNG had a slower burning speed on the small engine. The engine speed of 4000 rpm at Maximum Brake Torque (MBT) produced the most nearest results to gasoline.

Comparative assessment of engine vibration, combustion, performance and emission characteristics between single and twin-cylinder diesel engines in unifuel and dual-fuel mode

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-39
Author(s):  
Akash Chandrabhan Chandekar ◽  
Sushmita Deka ◽  
Biplab K. Debnath ◽  
Ramesh Babu Pallekonda
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Load Condition ◽  
Alternative Fuel ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Cylinder Pressure ◽  
Compressed Natural Gas ◽  
Single Cylinder ◽  
Engine Vibration ◽  
Single Cylinder Engine

Abstract The persistent efforts among the researchers are being done to reduce emissions by the exploration of different alternative fuels. The application of alternative fuel is also found to influence engine vibration. The present study explores the potential connection between the change of the engine operating parameters and the engine vibration pattern. The objective is to analyse the effect of alternative fuel on engine vibration and performance. The experiments are performed on two different engines of single cylinder and twin-cylinder variants at the load range of 0 to 34Nm, with steps of 6.8Nm and at the constant speed of 1500rpm. The single cylinder engine, fuelled with only diesel mode, is tested at two compression ratios of 16.5 and 17.5. While, the twin-cylinder engine with a constant compression ratio of 16.5, is tested at both diesel unifuel and diesel-compressed natural gas dual-fuel modes. Further, in dual-fuel mode, tests are conducted with compressed natural gas substitutions of 40%, 60% and 80% for given loads and speed. The engine vibration signatures are measured in terms of root mean square acceleration, representing the amplitude of vibration. The combustion parameters considered are cylinder pressure, rate of pressure rise, heat release rate and ignition delay. At higher loads, the vibration amplitude increases along with the cylinder pressure. The maximum peak cylinder pressure of 95bar is found in the case of the single cylinder engine at the highest load condition that also produced a peak vibration of 3219m/s2.

Risk-Based Technology Method for the Safety Assessment of Marine Compressed Natural Gas Fuel Systems

2001 ◽  
Vol 38 (03) ◽  
pp. 193-207
Author(s):  
Robb Wilcox ◽  
Mark Burrows ◽  
Sujit Ghosh ◽  
Bilal M. Ayyub
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Formal System ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Coast Guard ◽  
System Safety ◽  
Compressed Natural Gas ◽  
Marine Application ◽  
Marine Vessels

The introduction of alternative fuels (other than diesel oil or gasoline) for some commercially operated marine vessels presents a problem to marine regulators and designers since accepted standards and U.S. Coast Guard policy have not been established. Establishing safe design criteria is a common problem with the introduction of new technologies, novel concepts, and complex systems. In order to determine design safety for novel marine concepts such as compressed natural gas (CNG) fuel, a formal system safety approach may be used. Risk-based technologies (RBT) provide techniques to facilitate the proactive evaluation of system safety through risk assessment, risk control, risk management, and risk communication. The proposed outfitting of a CNG fuel system on the Kings Pointer training vessel is discussed as a specific marine application of CNG fuel and an appropriate situation for applying system safety techniques.

scholarly journals A Hierarchical Optimisation of a Compressed Natural Gas Station for Energy and Fuelling Efficiency under a Demand Response Program

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 2165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Kagiri ◽  
Lijun Zhang ◽  
Xiaohua Xia
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Demand Response ◽  
Lower Layer ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Energy Management Strategy ◽  
Compressed Natural Gas ◽  
Criteria Air Pollutants ◽  
Electricity Cost ◽  
Gas Station

Compressed natural gas stations serve customers who have chosen compressed natural gas powered vehicles as an alternative to diesel and petrol based ones, for cost or environmental reasons. The interaction between the compressed natural gas station and electricity grid requires an energy management strategy to minimise a significant component of the operating costs of the station where demand response programs exist. Such a strategy when enhanced through integration with a control strategy for optimising gas delivery can raise the appeal of the compressed natural gas, which is associated with reduced criteria air pollutants. A hierarchical operation optimisation approach adopted in this study seeks to achieve energy cost reduction for a compressed natural gas station in a time-of-use electricity tariff environment as well as increase the vehicle fuelling efficiency. This is achieved by optimally controlling the gas dispenser and priority panel valve function under an optimised schedule of compressor operation. The results show that electricity cost savings of up to 60.08% are achieved in the upper layer optimisation while meeting vehicle gas demand over the control horizon. Further, a reduction in filling times by an average of 16.92 s is achieved through a lower layer model predictive control of the pressure-ratio-dependent fuelling process.

One-Dimensional Simulation of the Combustion Process in an Engine Cylinder with Ethanol

2014 ◽  
Vol 660 ◽  
pp. 447-451
Author(s):  
Akasyah M. Kathri ◽  
Rizalman Mamat ◽  
Amir Aziz ◽  
Azri Alias ◽  
Nik Rosli Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Engine Speed ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Cylinder Pressure ◽  
Ethanol Fuel ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Engine Cylinder ◽  
Dimensional Simulation ◽  
The One

The diesel engine is one of the most important engines for road vehicles. The engine nowadays operates with different kinds of alternative fuels, such as natural gas and biofuel. The aim of this article is to study the combustion process that occurs in an engine cylinder of a diesel engine when using biofuel. The one-dimensional numerical analysis using GT-Power software is used to simulate the commercial four-cylinder diesel engine. The engine operated at high engine load and speed. The ethanol fuel used in the simulation is derived from the conventional ethanol fuel properties. The analysis of simulations includes the cylinder pressure, combustion temperature and rate of heat release. The simulation results show that in-cylinder pressure and temperature for ethanol is higher than for diesel at any engine speed. However, the mass fraction of ethanol burned is similar to that of diesel. MFB only affects the engine speed.

A Research on Engine Phase and Speed Estimation Method Based on Cylinder Pressure Sensor

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinli Wang ◽  
Fuyuan Yang ◽  
Minggao Ouyang ◽  
Ying Huang
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Sensor ◽  
Engine Speed ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Pressure Sensors ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Speed Estimation ◽  
Cylinder Pressure ◽  
State Control ◽  
Experimental Proof ◽  
Crank Angle

Cylinder pressure based combustion state control is a direction that has drawn much attention in the field of internal combustion engine control, especially in the field of diesel HCCI (Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition) research. In-cylinder pressure sensors have the potential to diagnose or even replace many traditional sensors, including camshaft and crankshaft sensors. This paper did research on engine synchronization method based on in-cylinder pressure signal. The research was based on a 4-cylinder high pressure common rail diesel engine equipped with 4 PSG (Pressure Sensor Glow Plug) type piezo-resistance cylinder pressure sensors, intended for HCCI research. Through theoretical analysis and experimental proof, methods and models for cylinder identification, engine phase estimation and engine speed estimation are given and further verified by experiments. Results show that cylinder pressure sensor could be used to identify cylinder instead of cam shaft sensor. The models for engine phase and speed estimation have been proved to have precision of 3° crank angle and 4.6rpm, respectively. The precision of engine phase and speed estimation provides a possibility for the engine to run if the crankshaft sensor fails, but more researches have to be carried out with respect to crankshaft sensor replacement.

Optimum Combustion Chamber Geometry for a Compression Ignition Engine Retrofitted to Run Using Compressed Natural Gas (CNG)

2013 ◽  
Vol 315 ◽  
pp. 552-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahrul Azmir Osman ◽  
Ahmad Jais Alimin ◽  
V.S. Liong
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Compressed Natural Gas ◽  
Engine Cylinder ◽  
The Impact

The use of natural gas as an alternative fuels are motivated from the impact in deteriorating quality of air and the energy shortage from petroleum products. Through retrofitting, CI engine runs on CNG, will be able to reduce the negative impact mainly on the use of petroleum products. However, this required the modification of the combustion chamber geometry by reducing the compression ratio to value that suits combustion of CNG. In this present studies, four different shapes and geometries of combustion chamber were designed and simulate using CFD package powered by Ansys workbench, where k-ε turbulence model was used to predict the flow in the combustion chamber. The results of turbulence kinetic energy, velocity vectors and streamline are presented. The enhancement of air-fuel mixing inside the engine cylinder can be observed, where the design with re-entrance and lower center projection provide better results compared to other combustion geometries designs.

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