Improving the Efficiency of Strip Cladding by the Control of Electrode Metal Transfer

2014 ◽  
Vol 682 ◽  
pp. 266-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vitaliy Ivanov ◽  
Elena Lavrova
Keyword(s):  
Base Metal ◽  
Heat Input ◽  
Melting Process ◽  
Metal Transfer ◽  
Electric Arc ◽  
Control Parameters ◽  
Strip Electrode ◽  
Bead Formation ◽  
Optimum Heat ◽  
Electrode Metal

The technology and equipment for pulsed feed of strip electrode for electric arc cladding was developed. The influence of transfer control parameters on the electrode melting process was investigated. Found that pulsing feed of the strip electrode provides optimum heat input into the base metal, stable penetration without defects of the bead formation.

Electric Arc Deposition of an Anticorrosive Layer with Two Strip Electrodes

2020 ◽  
Vol 303 ◽  
pp. 39-46
Author(s):  
Vitaliy Ivanov ◽  
Natalia A. Makarenko ◽  
Elena Lavrova ◽  
Marina V. Ahieieva
Keyword(s):  
Base Metal ◽  
Electric Arc ◽  
Corrosion Layer ◽  
Variable Angle ◽  
Electrode Metal ◽  
Arc Deposition ◽  
Surface Changes

A two-strip electrodes surfacing with controlled transfer of electrode metal is proposed for applying an anti-corrosion layer to the surface of the base metal with a variable angle to the horizon. To prevent the formation of defects in the formation of the deposited layer, it is proposed to adjust the parameters of the surfacing mode in places where the angle of inclination of the surface changes.

Optimization of current parameters during variable polarity GMAW of magnesium alloy

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (01) ◽  
pp. 1850429
Author(s):  
Zhenmin Wang ◽  
Junhao Wei ◽  
Leilei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Magnesium Alloy ◽  
Heat Input ◽  
Welding Current ◽  
Metal Transfer ◽  
Weld Quality ◽  
Peak Current ◽  
Base Current ◽  
Bead Formation ◽  
Negative Current ◽  
Variable Polarity

Magnesium alloy welding suffers from problems such as burn through and loss of alloying elements during conventional welding process due to high heat input. Variable polarity gas metal arc welding (VP-GMAW) features low heat input. Therefore, it is an attractive method for welding of magnesium alloy. However, the principles governing the correlations among welding current parameters, metal transfer modes, and bead formation are not well understood. Identifying optimal welding current parameters by trial and error is unrealistic. Therefore, peak current, base current, and negative current were selected as independent variables. Their impact mechanism on metal transfer and bead formation were investigated by experiments with high-speed photographs. Then, weld quality evaluation was conducted by a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation. A mathematical method was proposed to calculate optimal current parameters for VP-GMAW of magnesium alloy. In addition, a significant sequence of current parameters is obtained. The results indicate that almost defect-free weld joint is produced by the optimal welding current parameters. The significance sequence of current parameters on weld quality is negative current, peak current, and base current.

Cold Metal Transfer Spot Joining of AA6061-T6 to Galvanized DP590 Under Different Modes

2015 ◽  
Vol 137 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
HaiYang Lei ◽  
YongBing Li ◽  
Blair E. Carlson ◽  
ZhongQin Lin
Keyword(s):  
Heat Input ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Metal Transfer ◽  
Cold Metal Transfer ◽  
Spot Joining ◽  
Predrilled Hole ◽  
Joint Quality ◽  
Cold Metal

In order to meet the upcoming regulations on greenhouse gas emissions, aluminum use in the automotive industry is increasing. However, this increase is now seen as part of a multimaterial strategy. Consequently, dissimilar material joints are a reality, which poses significant challenges to conventional fusion joining processes. To address this issue, cold metal transfer (CMT) spot welding process was developed in the current study to join aluminum alloy AA6061-T6 as the top sheet to hot dip galvanized (HDG) advanced high strength steel (AHSS) DP590 as the bottom sheet. Three different welding modes, i.e., direct welding (DW) mode, plug welding (PW) mode, and edge plug welding (EPW) mode were proposed and investigated. The DW mode, having no predrilled hole in the aluminum top sheet, required concentrated heat input to melt through the Al top sheet and resulted in a severe tearing fracture, shrinkage voids, and uneven intermetallic compounds (IMC) layer along the faying surface, leading to poor joint properties. Welding with the predrilled hole, PW mode, required significantly less heat input and led to greatly reduced, albeit uneven, IMC layer thickness. However, it was found that the EPW mode could homogenize the welding heat input into the hole and thus produce the most stable welding process and best joint quality. This led to joints having an excellent joint morphology characterized by the thinnest IMC layer and consequently, best mechanical performance among the three modes.

scholarly journals Optimum Heat Input Control in Arc Welding of Steel and Aluminum Pipe

1998 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 413-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsuyoshi Kondoh ◽  
Takayoshi Ohji ◽  
Keiji Ueda
Keyword(s):  
Heat Input ◽  
Arc Welding ◽  
Input Control ◽  
Optimum Heat ◽  
Aluminum Pipe

Microstructure and mechanical properties of cold metal transfer welded galvanized steel/magnesium alloy dissimilar joints

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (01n03) ◽  
pp. 2040060
Author(s):  
Chao Zhang ◽  
Mingfang Wu ◽  
Yuxin Wang ◽  
Juan Pu
Keyword(s):  
Magnesium Alloy ◽  
Heat Input ◽  
Interface Layer ◽  
Metal Transfer ◽  
Galvanized Steel ◽  
Cold Metal Transfer ◽  
Welding Joint ◽  
Welding Heat Input ◽  
Weld Appearance ◽  
Cold Metal

The joining of magnesium alloy to galvanized steel was realized by cold metal transfer method with AZ31 magnesium alloy welding wire. Weld appearance, microstructure and tensile properties of Mg–steel joints under various welding parameters were investigated with different welding heat inputs. The results showed that magnesium alloy-steel brazed joints had good weld appearance. When the welding heat input was 141 J/mm, Zn elements were enriched in the Zn-rich zone (ZRZ), and the interface layer was composed of a large portion of Mg–Zn phases and minor Mg–Al phases. With the increase of welding heat input, Zn elements in the ZRZ gradually decreased, Fe/Al phase appeared in the interface layer, and the strength of welding joint increased. When the welding heat input was 159 J/mm, the tensile strength of welding joint reached the maximum value of 198 MPa. However, when the welding input was increased to 181 J/mm, Zn element in the ZRZ was burnt and volatilized seriously, resulting in poor wetting and spreading properties of liquid phase at the interface zone of the steel.

scholarly journals A Combined Pyro- and Hydrometallurgical Approach to Recycle Pyrolyzed Lithium-Ion Battery Black Mass Part 1: Production of Lithium Concentrates in an Electric Arc Furnace

Metals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1069
Author(s):  
Marcus Sommerfeld ◽  
Claudia Vonderstein ◽  
Christian Dertmann ◽  
Jakub Klimko ◽  
Dušan Oráč ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Melting Process ◽  
Electric Arc Furnace ◽  
Electric Arc ◽  
Arc Furnace ◽  
Mineralogical Characterization ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Cobalt Nickel

Due to the increasing demand for battery raw materials such as cobalt, nickel, manganese, and lithium, the extraction of these metals not only from primary, but also from secondary sources like spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is becoming increasingly important. One possible approach for an optimized recovery of valuable metals from spent LIBs is a combined pyro- and hydrometallurgical process. According to the pyrometallurgical process route, in this paper, a suitable slag design for the generation of slag enriched by lithium and mixed cobalt, nickel, and copper alloy as intermediate products in a laboratory electric arc furnace was investigated. Smelting experiments were carried out using pyrolyzed pelletized black mass, copper(II) oxide, and different quartz additions as a flux to investigate the influence on lithium-slagging. With the proposed smelting operation, lithium could be enriched with a maximum yield of 82.4% in the slag, whereas the yield for cobalt, nickel, and copper in the metal alloy was 81.6%, 93.3%, and 90.7% respectively. The slag obtained from the melting process is investigated by chemical and mineralogical characterization techniques. Hydrometallurgical treatment to recover lithium is carried out with the slag and presented in part 2.

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