Effect of Utilizing Different Building's Roof Material on Rainwater Harvesting System’s Payback Period, Water and Energy Savings, and Carbon Dioxide Emission Reduction

This study aims to investigate the effect of using different roofing materials in office building on rainwater harvesting system annual energy savings and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions reduction which relates to the payback period. This paper includes modelling of different rain water harvesting concrete tank sizes for an office building which is used to supply water for toilet flushing and irrigation purposes. It is found that the optimized roof material for the catchment area is slate tiles with a 0.9 run-off coefficient. A total of 2870 MJ of energy can be saved and 830 kg of CO2 can be reduced annually with a payback period of 20 years, using a 32 m3 concrete tank.

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Teardown Index

Examining the Environmental Impacts of Materials and Buildings - Practice, Progress, and Proficiency in Sustainability ◽

10.4018/978-1-7998-2426-8.ch003 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 64-101

Author(s):

Joseph Dahmen ◽

Jens von Bergmann ◽

Misha Das

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Carbon Emissions ◽

High Efficiency ◽

Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽

Payback Period ◽

Embodied Energy ◽

Operating Efficiency ◽

Single Family ◽

New Construction ◽

New Buildings

Replacing older homes with new ones constructed to higher efficiency standards is one way to raise the operating efficiency of building stocks. However, new buildings require large amounts of embodied energy to construct, and it can take years before more efficient operations offset carbon emissions associated with new construction. This chapter looks at the carbon dioxide emission payback period of newly constructed, efficient single-family homes in Vancouver, British Columbia, where the authors find that it takes over 150 years for the operation to equal the embodied carbon associated with the of a typical high-efficiency new home. The findings suggest that current policies aimed at reducing emissions by replacing older homes with new high-efficiency buildings should be reconsidered.

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Analysis of Carbon Dioxide Emission Reductions From Energy Efficiency Upgrades in Consideration of Climate Change and Renewable Energy Policy Initiatives Using eQUEST

ASME 2010 4th International Conference on Energy Sustainability, Volume 1 ◽

10.1115/es2010-90143 ◽

2010 ◽

Author(s):

Anthony Sclafani

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Energy Efficiency ◽

Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽

Energy Savings ◽

Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽

Clean Energy ◽

Emissions Reductions ◽

Policy Initiatives ◽

The Impact

In January 2008 the Governor of Hawaii announced the Hawaii Clean Energy Initiative; an initiative that aims to have at least 70 percent of Hawaii’s power come from clean energy by 2030 [4]. In July 2009, the Hawaii Department of Accounting and General Services awarded NORESCO, an energy service company, a $33.9M contract to improve the energy efficiency of 10 government buildings. The avoided utility cost of the energy and water savings from the improvements is the project funding mechanism. The energy savings realized by the project will reduce carbon dioxide emissions associated with utility power generation. However, as renewable energy becomes a larger portion of the utility generation profile through the Hawaii Clean Energy Initiative, the carbon dioxide emissions reductions from specific energy efficiency measures may erode over time. This work presents a method of analysis to quantify the carbon dioxide emissions reduction over the life of a project generated by energy efficiency upgrades that accounts for both the impact of policy initiatives and climate change using DOE-2/eQUEST. The analysis is based on the fact that HVAC energy usage will vary with climate changes and that carbon dioxide emission reductions will vary with both energy savings and the corresponding utility’s power generation portfolio. The energy savings related to HVAC system energy efficiency improvements are calculated over the life of a 20 year performance contract using a calibrated DOE-2/eQUEST model of an existing building that utilizes weather data adjusted to match the predictions of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. The carbon dioxide emissions reductions are calculated using the energy savings results and a projection of the implementation of the Hawaii Clean Energy Initiative. The emissions reductions are compared with other analysis methods and discussed to establish more refined expectations of the impact of energy efficiency projects in context with climate changes and policy initiatives.

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Reduction in Carbon Dioxide Emission and Energy Savings Obtained by Using a Green Roof

Aerosol and Air Quality Research ◽

10.4209/aaqr.2019.09.0455 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (11) ◽

pp. 2432-2445 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Lu Cai ◽

Xiao-Ping Feng ◽

Jing-Yan Yu ◽

Qian-Chao Xiang ◽

Rui Chen

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Energy Savings ◽

Green Roof ◽

Carbon Dioxide Emission

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Climate change : Impact, adaptation and mitigation: A review

Agricultural Reviews ◽

10.18805/ag.v0iof.7309 ◽

2017 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mahendra Singh ◽

Mahesh Kumar Poonia ◽

Bheru Lal Kumhar

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Carrying Capacity ◽

Agricultural Production ◽

Human Population ◽

Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽

Atmospheric Temperature ◽

Run Off ◽

Change Impact ◽

Adaptation And Mitigation

Climate and agriculture are intensely interrelated global processes and therefore a change in climate affects agricultural production. One such change is global warming which is projected to have significant impacts on environment affecting agriculture, including higher carbon dioxide emission, rise in atmospheric temperature, higher glacial run-off, changed precipitation and the interaction of these elements. These conditions determine the carrying capacity of the biosphere to produce enough food for the human population and domesticated animals. The present paper might help to anticipate and adapt farming to maximize agricultural production.

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