Load Bearing Structures of Glass Single-Storey Buildings

2016 ◽  
Vol 820 ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
Eva Vojtekova
Keyword(s):  
Flat Glass ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Support Structures ◽  
Support Structure ◽  
Curtain Wall ◽  
Load Bearing ◽  
Roof Structure ◽  
Bearing Structure

Since the period of application curtain wall on skeleton buildings, small single–storey buildings are the great topic for architects. By various means architects have effort to create an impression of floating roof structure, or an illusion of levitating roof over the country. The effect of transparent space, overlapping interior and exterior, is possible to achieve by use of various structural schemes and materials of support structure. Nowadays single-storey transparent buildings are regarded as a phenomenon, which presents progress in architecture from the point of dematerialization of support structures and details of secondary transparent structures. Glass is in contemporary transparent curtain walls used not only as a material of the building skin, but also as the material of the support structure in various structural elements within hierarchy of the load bearing structure. Flat glass sheets forming the building skin could be within the suitable chosen shape of enclosed envelope also load bearing structure.

The Influence of Operating Loads on the State of Stress and Strain in Selected Load-Bearing Elements of a Tower-Type Headgear Structure in the Light of the Experimental Data / Wpływ Obciążeń Eksploatacyjnych Na Stan Naprężenia Oraz Przemieszczenia Elementów Nośnych Konstrukcji Basztowej Wieży Szybowej W Świetle Przeprowadzonych Eksperymentów

2012 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 831-842
Author(s):  
Stanisław Wolny
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Numerical Analysis ◽  
The State ◽  
Strength Analysis ◽  
Stress And Strain ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Load Bearing ◽  
State Of Stress ◽  
Strain Stress ◽  
Bearing Structure

Abstract In order that the ultimate state method should be applied to the strength analysis of the tower-type headgear structure, it is required that the design loads and endurance parameters be first established. For that purpose the characteristics of loads experienced by structural elements of the headgear structure are required (Wolny, 2012) as well as the numerical analysis of stresses and strains. Thus obtained results are verified through stress (strain) measurements taken in structural elements subjected to highest loads found on the basis of the stress map derived from numerical analysis, being the subject matter of the present study. Strain (stress) measurements are taken on the beams located at the floor level +65.00 m on which the winding machines are positioned (drive shaft bearings, stators in the electric motors), as shown schematically in Fig. 2. The strength analysis by numerical methods is restricted to those elements of the load bearing structure in the headgear at the level (+65.00) where the strain (stress) and measurements are taken and where loads are measured that give rise to the maximal strain changes (Wolny, 2012). Alongside the strain (stress) measurements in the load-bearing elements of the headgear structure, measurements are taken of horizontal displacements at selected points of the structure with the use of an interferometric radar IBIS-S. Results of the repeated numerical analysis of the state of stress, restricted to those elements of the load bearing structure in the tower-type headgear where the maximal loads are registered (Wolny, 2010), agree well with experimental data obtained from tests done on a real object. Therefore, the numerical analyses of the state of stress and strain in the load-bearing elements of the headgear structures operated in the Polish collieries lead us to the assumption that when analysing the geometry of the driving systems in the winding gear, the structures on which the elements of the winder installation are positioned ought to be treated as rigid. This conclusion is further corroborated by displacement measurements by geodetic methods taken on selected points of the tower-type headgear structure. An interesting point is that the tower-type headgear structure above its first floor level will behave as a rigid solid.

scholarly journals Mechanical properties of solid glass bricks

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiří Fíla ◽  
Martina Eliášová ◽  
Zdeněk Sokol
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Flat Glass ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Compression Tests ◽  
Bending Tests ◽  
Load Bearing ◽  
Three Point Bending ◽  
Solid Glass

Glass as one of the oldest building materials has been used for centuries to fill window openings. In recent years is it increasingly used also for load-bearing structural elements such as beams, columns, ribs, railings, etc. In addition to flat glass and hollow glass blocks, which have been used historically for non-load-bearing partitions and facades, new load bearing structures from solid glass bricks are arising. Their greater use is hampered by a lack of knowledge of their material properties. Also, their joining is difficult, as can be seen from the realized structures and published works focused on the glass bricks masonry. Most often, transparent adhesives or special mortars are used on the joint between glass bricks. In addition to some examples of completed glass brick structures, the paper is aimed at determining the material properties of glass bricks, which are a prerequisite for the design of safe structures. Two sets of experiments were performed. There were made three-point bending tests and compression tests to determine the bending tensile strength, modulus of elasticity and compressive strength of glass bricks.

scholarly journals Complexity of geotechnical problems in the process of revitalization of residential buildings

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-65
Author(s):  
Jelena Savic ◽  
Nikola Romic
Keyword(s):  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Residential Environment ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Load Bearing ◽  
Roof Structure ◽  
Subgrade Soil ◽  
Bearing Structure ◽  
Base Soil ◽  
Geotechnical Problems

Revitalization of residential buildings is a process of renovation and improvement of the residential environment with the goal of providing users with a safe and healthy space in which to live. Through a series of necessary interventions and technical improvements, in the first phase of revitalization, the load-bearing structure, starting from the subgrade soil and foundations all the way to the top of the building, i.e. the roof structure, must be repaired and strengthened. The reinforced structure must guarantee the successful implementation of other planned phases of revitalization. The paper deals with geotechnical issues within which damages are registered, their causes are analyzed and measures for repairing the base soil and foundations are proposed. The problem is treated from the point of view of its complexity, the numerous causes of which are disscussed in the paper.

scholarly journals Assessment of Timber Roof Structures before and after Earthquakes

Buildings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 528
Author(s):  
Nikola Perković ◽  
Mislav Stepinac ◽  
Vlatka Rajčić ◽  
Jure Barbalić
Keyword(s):  
Test Methods ◽  
Timber Structures ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Load Bearing ◽  
Existing Structures ◽  
Roof Structure ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Timber Roof Structures ◽  
Non Destructive

The global objective of sustainable development has been greatly directed toward the preservation of existing structures. Therefore, condition assessment and reconstruction of existing timber structures have been gaining importance in recent times. This is particularly evident on timber roofs whose elements are exposed to degradation, either because of rheological effects or due to the direct influence of moisture and biological factors. In case of accidental events, such as an earthquake, the question of the structure’s condition is essential for the condition of the entire building. In order to prove the load-bearing capacity and serviceability of existing structures, as well as to check the need for reconstruction, it is necessary to define crucial parameters that are influencing the condition of materials, elements, and systems. Although there are many non destructive testing methods, the frequency and scope of their use, as well as the decision-making approach, have not been defined. In the paper, non-destructive and semi-destructive methods frequently used for timber structures are explained. A systematic review of criteria to be used in the assessment of load-bearing timber structures in a seismic active area was the main objective of this paper as well as the illustration of non-destructive and semi-destructive test methods through a case study involving roof construction of a hundred-year-old building in Zagreb, Croatia. Pre- and post-earthquake inspection was made. The overall condition of the roof structure after two significant earthquakes can be assessed as satisfactory given that the observed system is a large-span and massive roof structure. The presented results and identification of typical damages after the earthquake are presented in order to facilitate policy makers and for the future implementation of development strategies in the renovation of the city.

scholarly journals Reliability as a Key Driver for a Sustainable Design of Adaptive Load-Bearing Structures

2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 895
Author(s):  
Dshamil Efinger ◽  
Andreas Ostertag ◽  
Martin Dazer ◽  
David Borschewski ◽  
Stefan Albrecht ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Internal Stresses ◽  
Elastic Model ◽  
Load Spectrum ◽  
Operating Life ◽  
Load Bearing ◽  
Linear Elastic ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Bearing Structure

The consumption of construction materials and the pollution caused by their production can be reduced by the use of reliable adaptive load-bearing structures. Adaptive load-bearing structures are able to adapt to different load cases by specifically manipulating internal stresses using actuators installed in the structure. One main aspect of quality is reliability. A verification of reliability, and thus the safety of conventional structures, was a design issue. When it comes to adaptive load-bearing structures, the material savings reduce the stiffness of the structure, whereby integrated actuators with sensors and a control take over the stiffening. This article explains why the conventional design process is not sufficient for adaptive load-bearing structures and proposes a method for demonstrating improved reliability and environmental sustainability. For this purpose, an exemplary adaptive load-bearing structure is introduced. A linear elastic model, simulating tension in the elements of the adaptive load-bearing structure, supports the analysis. By means of a representative local load-spectrum, the operating life is estimated based on Woehler curves given by the Eurocode for the critical notches. Environmental sustainability is increased by including reliability and sustainability in design. For an exemplary high-rise adaptive load-bearing structure, this increase is more than 50%.

scholarly journals Proposta de consolidação estrutural da Igreja de Nossa Senhora do Monte do Recôncavo

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 228-236
Author(s):  
M. Oliveira ◽  
R. Muñoz ◽  
A. Magalhães
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Historic Buildings ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Roof Structure ◽  
Intervention Measures ◽  
Wood Beams ◽  
Non Destructive

RESUMOA Igreja de Nossa Senhora do Monte, construída na Bahia, Brasil, provavelmente no início do século XVIII, está localizada em São Francisco do Conde, no Recôncavo Baiano. Atualmente, o edifício encontra-se em estado geral de eversão, principalmente em relação à cobertura e ao desaprumo de paredes. Este trabalho tem como objetivo propor medidas de intervenção patrimonial para estabilização dos referidos elementos construtivos, considerando a manutenção da mesma lógica estrutural existente. Como resultados, serão apresentados: detalhe de reforço do sistema estático das tesouras de linha baixa da nave principal; sumário do projeto de substituição dos atuais barrotes de madeira por vigas metálicas; e detalhe do atirantamento da abóbada do fundo da capela-mor. Ressalta-se a importância deste trabalho de estabilização como metodologia a ser adotada em outras edificações históricas, uma vez que contempla intervenções não destrutivas, relevantes para sítios que contam com patrimônios de significativo valor histórico e cultural.Palavras chave: consolidação; patrimônio; estrutura; reforço.ABSTRACTThe Church of Nossa Senhora do Monte, built in Bahia, Brazil, probably in the eighteenth century, is located in São Francisco do Conde, in the Recôncavo. Currently the building is in a deplorable state of degradation, especially in terms of the roof and stability of the walls. This work proposes intervention measures to stabilize the said structural elements while taking into consideration and respecting the existing structural logic. The following results will be presented: detail of the reinforcement of the wood roof structure of the nave; summary of the project for the replacement of existing wood beams by metal ones; and finally the proposal to repair the vault after the presbytery. This paper emphasizes the importance of this stabilization work as a methodology to be adopted in other historic buildings, since it suggests non-destructive interventions, relevant to sites that have assets of significant historical and cultural value.Keywords: consolidation; heritage; structure; strengthening.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document