The Characteristic of Algal Reef Carbonate Sedimentary and Pore Structure in the Xisha Islands: Evidence from Halimeda

2014 ◽  
Vol 1065-1069 ◽  
pp. 3291-3294
Author(s):  
Xin Wei Zhao ◽  
Hui Zhi Hao
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Energy Spectrum ◽  
Middle Miocene ◽  
Carbonate Sediments ◽  
Network Systems ◽  
Xisha Islands ◽  
Intercrystalline Pores ◽  
Algal Reef ◽  
Scanning Electron

Halimeda is an important reef-building green alga. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy spectrum tests on green and white Halimeda collected from Shidao Island in the Xisha Islands show that carbonate is predominantly deposited in the cortexes and medullas, especially in the aragonite raphides of them, as the case of calcium carbonate. These modern carbonate sediments are then compared with their ancient counterparts that are collected from Xichen-1 well in the Yongle Atoll, where a large number of Halimeda segments have been recognized in about 100-m-long late Miocene-middle Miocene whole-coring succession. In addition, there are developed great numbers of algal-frame holes, including secondary dissolved pores and intercrystalline pores in the medullas and in aragonites between cysts, which have formed particular network systems and pore throats.

scholarly journals Influence of phase distribution of converter slag microzones on the occurrence of P

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-44
Author(s):  
Chenxiao Li ◽  
Shuai Tong ◽  
Yuekai Xue ◽  
Shuhuan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Energy Spectrum ◽  
Activity Coefficient ◽  
Phase Distribution ◽  
Converter Slag ◽  
Element Distribution ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Backscattered Electron ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract The phase and element distribution of converter slag was analyzed with the backscattered electron (BSE) images of scanning electron microscopy and X-ray energy spectrum. The results show that the Ca and Si are attached in the slag micro-area, while the Fe is present in areas with less Ca and Si. Most of the P appear in areas with more Ca and Si. The content of SiO2 tends to increase with an increase in the CaO content in the slag micro-area. The activity of a CaO increases with an increase in the CaO content in the slag micro-area, while the activity of a FeO increases first and then decreases. In the slag micro-area with an increase in the FeO content, both the mole fraction and the activity coefficient of SiO2 decrease; so, the content of SiO2 decreases gradually.

Defect Recovery and Control in Heavy Forgings by Two Times Upsetting and Stretching Process

2011 ◽  
Vol 291-294 ◽  
pp. 706-709
Author(s):  
Juan Hua Su ◽  
Yan Wei Chen ◽  
Yun Yun Chen ◽  
Yu Lin Shi
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Energy Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Analysis ◽  
Forging Process ◽  
Controlling Mechanism ◽  
Defect Recovery ◽  
And Control ◽  
Stretching Process ◽  
Scanning Electron

In practical production, the heavy forgings of the largest diameter 1225 mm larger than its length 905 mm are unqualified for supersonic inspection. By means of acid-eroding, scanning electron microscopy and energy spectrum analysis on defects, it is shown that the defects are originated from inclusions made up of Al2O3, Fe2O3and a little CaO. In order to improve forging quality, the controlling mechanism of defects is analyzed, and forging process of two times upsetting and stretching process is researched to eliminate the cracks originated from inclusions. The result shows that the inclusions in forgings can be controlled and the inner cracks recovered effectively by two times upsetting and stretching process. All of the forgings meet the supersonic standard which indicates that this process is better fit for heavy forgings with largest diameter larger than its length.

Study on Affecting Factors and Mechanism of Oil Tubing Corrosion in Northern Shaanxi Oil Field

2020 ◽  
Vol 977 ◽  
pp. 108-114
Author(s):  
Yun Ma ◽  
Shi Tao Liu ◽  
Hong Zhang ◽  
Yu Han Feng ◽  
Shun Chao Gou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Energy Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Analysis ◽  
Oil Field ◽  
Energy Spectrum Analysis ◽  
Correlation Degree ◽  
Northern Shaanxi ◽  
Scanning Electron

Tubing corrosion is a difficult problem in oilfield production. In order to explore the main factors influencing the tubing corrosion, this study first select some region of northern shaanxi 28 Wells, spent nearly 2 years of tubing corrosion weightlessness method of monitoring and analysis of physical and chemical properties of produced fluid to conduct a comprehensive system, then SPSS program is used to analyze the 11 influence factors such as temperature, moisture content, pH and the correlation of corrosion, at the same time in order to verify the accuracy of the statistical analysis of the results, the spot corrosion coupon for scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy spectrum analysis. The results show that the water content, chloride ion and sulfide of the produced fluid are relatively high, and the water quality is alkaline. Through grey correlation calculation, the correlation degree with corrosion rate is 0.8386, 0.8281 and 0.8281, respectively. The results of scanning electron microscopy and energy spectrum analysis are basically consistent with the statistical analysis, indicating that the property of produced fluid can be used to predict the corrosion status of tubing.

Study on Inclusions in Ductile Cast Iron

2011 ◽  
Vol 299-300 ◽  
pp. 273-276
Author(s):  
Wen Tao Guo ◽  
Guo Wei Chang ◽  
Shu Ying Chen ◽  
Ji Chao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Rare Earth ◽  
Cast Iron ◽  
Energy Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Analysis ◽  
Thermodynamic Calculation ◽  
Size Variation ◽  
Ductile Cast Iron ◽  
Scanning Electron

The type, shape and distribution of inclusions in ductile cast iron were studied using a scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the energy spectrum analysis, combining the thermodynamic calculation of inclusions formation. The results show that the oxides are most likely formed from the thermodynamics in ductile cast iron when the temperature is 1373~1873 K , followed by the sulfides, the carbides again. There exist the uniphase inclusions MgO, SiO2and MgS, the heterogeneous inclusions of containing rare-earth MnO-MgO-SiO2-La2O3and MgS-LaS-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO , and the heterogeneous inclusions of non-rare earth SiO2-MnO-MgO-Al2O3in ductile cast iron. The shapes of the inclusions are mainly polygon, and the size variation is from 3 to 10 um. The inclusions are mainly distributed on the graphite ball surfaces, the ferrite grain boundaries and in the pearlites.

scholarly journals The formation mechanism of authigenic chlorite in tight sandstone and its effect on tight oil adsorption during hydrocarbon filling

2021 ◽  
Vol 76 ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Qianshan Zhou ◽  
Chao Li ◽  
Guojun Chen ◽  
Chengfu Lyu ◽  
Xuefeng Qu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Thin Section ◽  
Tight Oil ◽  
Spatial Coupling ◽  
Particle Form ◽  
Intercrystalline Pores ◽  
Pore Lining ◽  
Scanning Electron

Authigenic chlorite, which is frequently found in sandstone, has a controlling effect on the reservoirs in which tight oil is adsorbed during hydrocarbon filling. In this study, the content, occurrence state, timing, mechanism and influence of authigenic chlorite on the micro-occurrence states of tight oil were studied using Thin Section (TS), Fluorescent Thin Section (FTS), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Field Emission-Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy (ESEM), and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS). The results indicate: (1) a spatial coupling between chlorite development, a brackish water delta front facies depositional environment, and biotite-rich arkosic sandstone. (2) Authigenic chlorite can be divided into three types: grain-coating chlorite, pore-lining chlorite, and rosette chlorite. Chlorite forms after early compaction but before other diagenetic phases, and grows via precipitation from pore waters that contain products released during the dissolution of volcanic rock fragments and biotites. Porewater is also pressure-released from feldspars and mudstone. (3) The micro-occurrence states of tight oil can be divided into five types: emulsion form, cluster form, throat form, thin-film form, and the isolated or agglomerated particle form. (4) During hydrocarbon filling, tight oil mainly occurs on the surface of grain-coating and pore-lining chlorite in the form of a thin film, the granular or agglomerated forms are mainly enriched within the intercrystalline pores within the authigenic chlorite, and the cluster forms are mainly enriched in dissolution pores. Isolated or agglomerated particles of tight oil primarily occur in the intercrystalline pores of the rosette chlorite. (5) The specific surface area and the authigenic chlorite’s adsorption potential of authigenic chlorite control the micro-occurrence of tight oil on the surface of the chlorite and in intercrystalline pores. The adsorption capacity of chlorite lies in the following order: pore-lining chlorite intercrystalline pores > rosette chlorite > chlorite in feldspar dissolution pores > pore-lining chlorite surface > grain-coating chlorite intercrystalline pores > grain-coating chlorite surface.

Study on the Behavior of SiO2 Related Phases in the Vanadium Slag

2013 ◽  
Vol 634-638 ◽  
pp. 3098-3101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen Sun Ge ◽  
Lian Chen ◽  
Long Li ◽  
Qian Wen Li ◽  
Zheng Hua Huang
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Phase Diagram ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Energy Spectrum ◽  
Petrographic Analysis ◽  
Vanadium Slag ◽  
Slag Production ◽  
Sio2 Phase ◽  
Practical Guidance ◽  
Scanning Electron

The SiO2 related phases in the vanadium slag exist in form of orthosilicate matter, the first solidified vanadium-containing phases would be surrounded or wrapped by the last solidified orthosilicate. So the wrapped orthosilicate have to be broken to achieve the extraction of vanadium from vanadium slag, therefore, to study the characteristics of SiO2 related phases in the vanadium slag will offer a practical guidance to understand the phase change of vanadium slag, The free SiO2 phase isn’t generated in the process of vanadium slag production in this paper by means of combination of vanadium slag compositions, petrographic analysis, Scanning electron microscopy -energy spectrum analysis (SEM-EDS) with the phase diagram of MgO-SiO2-FeO-CaO pseudo-ternary system calculated by Factsage, and SiO2 is mostly present in the olivine and pyroxene minerals.

Pathogenesis of Human Hair Defects

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 12-13
Author(s):  
P.S. Porter ◽  
T. Aoyagi ◽  
R. Matta
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Human Hair ◽  
Standard Techniques ◽  
Scanning Electron

Using standard techniques of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), over 1000 human hair defects have been studied. In several of the defects, the pathogenesis of the abnormality has been clarified using these techniques. It is the purpose of this paper to present several distinct morphologic abnormalities of hair and to discuss their pathogenesis as elucidated through techniques of scanning electron microscopy.

Ultrastructural Analysis of the Salivary Glands of Gromphadorhina Portentosa (Schaum)

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 638-639
Author(s):  
P.J. Dailey
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Secretory Vesicles ◽  
The Past ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Means Of Transmission ◽  
Gromphadorhina Portentosa ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Topographical Relief

The structure of insect salivary glands has been extensively investigated during the past decade; however, none have attempted scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in ultrastructural examinations of these secretory organs. This study correlates fine structure by means of SEM cryofractography with that of thin-sectioned epoxy embedded material observed by means of transmission electron microscopy (TEM).Salivary glands of Gromphadorhina portentosa were excised and immediately submerged in cold (4°C) paraformaldehyde-glutaraldehyde fixative1 for 2 hr, washed and post-fixed in 1 per cent 0s04 in phosphosphate buffer (4°C for 2 hr). After ethanolic dehydration half of the samples were embedded in Epon 812 for TEM and half cryofractured and subsequently critical point dried for SEM. Dried specimens were mounted on aluminum stubs and coated with approximately 150 Å of gold in a cold sputtering apparatus.Figure 1 shows a cryofractured plane through a salivary acinus revealing topographical relief of secretory vesicles.

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