Optimization of Machining Parameters on Tool Wear Rate of Ti-6Al-4V through EDM Using Copper Tungsten Electrode: A Statistical Approach

2010 ◽  
Vol 152-153 ◽  
pp. 1595-1602 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.M. Rahman ◽  
Md. Ashikur Rahman Khan ◽  
K. Kadirgama ◽  
M.M. Noor ◽  
Rosli A. Bakar
Keyword(s):  
Wear Rate ◽  
Tool Wear ◽  
Machining Process ◽  
Electrode Wear ◽  
Tool Wear Rate ◽  
Peak Current ◽  
Long Pulse ◽  
Pulse On Time ◽  
Pulse Off Time ◽  
Off Time

Electrical discharge machining (EDM) is relatively modern machining process having distinct advantages over other machining processes and able to machine Ti-alloys effectively. This paper attempts to investigate the effects of peak ampere, pulse on time and pulse off time on tool wear rate (TWR) of titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V in EDM utilizing copper tungsten as an electrode and positive polarity of the electrode. A mathematical model for electrode wear rate is developed in this paper. Design of experiments method and response surface methodology techniques are implemented. The validity test of the fit and adequacy of the proposed models has been carried out through analysis of variance. It can be seen that as the peak current increases the TWR decreases till certain ampere and then increases. The excellent surface finish is investigated in this study at short pulse on time and in contrast the long pulse duration causes the lowest TWR. Long pulse off time provides minimum TWR and the impact of pulse interval on TWR depends on peak current. The result leads to wear rate of electrode and economical industrial machining by optimizing the input parameters.

Parametric investigation of tool wear rate in EDM of Fe-based shape memory alloy: microstructural analysis and optimization using genetic algorithm

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranjit Singh ◽  
Ravi Pratap Singh ◽  
Rajeev Trehan
Keyword(s):  
Tool Wear ◽  
Tool Electrode ◽  
Tool Wear Rate ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Peak Current ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Desirability Approach ◽  
Pulse On Time ◽  
Pulse Off Time ◽  
Off Time

Purpose This study aims to experimentally investigate the influence of considered process parameters, i.e. pulse on time, pulse off time, peak current and gap voltage, on tool wear rate (TWR) in electrical discharge machining (EDM) of iron (Fe)-based shape memory alloy (SMA) through designed experiments. The parametric optimization for TWR has also been attempted using the desirability approach and genetic algorithm (GA). Design/methodology/approach The response surface methodology (RSM) in the form of Box–Behnken design has been used to scheme out the experiments. The influence of considered process inputs has also been observed through variance analysis. The reliability and fitness of the developed mathematical model have been established with test results. Microstructure analysis of machined samples has also been evaluated and analyzed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). SEM images revealed the surface characteristics such as micro-cracks, craters and voids on the tool electrode surface. SEM images provide information about the surface integrity and type of wear on the surface of the tool electrode. Findings The input parameters, namely, pulse on time and pulse off time, are major influential factors impacting the TWR. High TWR has been reported at large pulse on time and small pulse off time conditions whereas higher TWR is reported at high peak current input settings. The maximum and minimum TWR values obtained are 0.073 g/min and 0.017 g/min, respectively. The optimization with desirability approach and GA reveals the best parametric values for TWR i.e. 0.01581 g/min and 0.00875 g/min at parametric combination as pulse on time = 60.83 µs, pulse off time = 112.16 µs, peak current = 18.64 A and gap voltage = 59.55 V, and pulse on time = 60 µs, pulse off time = 120 µs, peak current = 12 A and gap voltage = 40 V, correspondingly. Research limitations/implications Proposed work has no limitations. Originality/value SMAs have been well known for their superior and excellent properties, which make them an eligible candidate of paramount importance in real-life industrial applications such as orthopedic implants, actuators, micro tools, stents, coupling, sealing elements, aerospace components, defense instruments, manufacturing elements and bio-medical appliances. However, its effective and productive processing is still a challenge. Tool wear study while processing of SMAs in EDM process is an area which has been less investigated and of major concern for exploring the various properties of the tool and wear in it. Also, the developed mathematical model for TWR through the RSM approach will be helpful in industrial revelation.

Research on Tool Wear Rate of Powder Mixed near Dry Electrical Discharge Machining

2013 ◽  
Vol 652-654 ◽  
pp. 2222-2227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue Bai ◽  
Qin He Zhang ◽  
Ting Yi Yang ◽  
Jian Hua Zhang ◽  
Jing Tan
Keyword(s):  
Wear Rate ◽  
Tool Wear ◽  
Electrical Discharge ◽  
Electrical Discharge Machining ◽  
Tool Wear Rate ◽  
Powder Concentration ◽  
Pulse On Time ◽  
Pulse Off Time ◽  
Off Time ◽  
Dry Electrical Discharge Machining

Powder mixed near dry electrical discharge machining (PMND-EDM) is one of the novel EDM processes, which uses gas-liquid-powder mixture as the dielectric medium. The tool wear rate (TWR) in PMND-EDM is researched based on single factor experiments. Effects of process parameters, such as peak current, pulse on time, pulse off time, flow rate, powder concentration, tool rotational speed and air pressure, on TWR are found out. TWR increases with the increase of peak current. TWR decreases with increasing of pulse on time. TWR increases firstly and then decreases while pulse off time increases. Increase of flow rate results in the increase of TWR. With the increase of powder concentration, TWR increases firstly and then decreases. Existence of tool rotation facilities decrease of TWR, however, further increase of rotational speed leads to increase of TWR. Increase of air pressure leads to lower TWR.

scholarly journals Tool wear rate optimization in PMEDM using titanium powder by Taguchi method for die steels

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-97
Author(s):  
Long Tien Banh ◽  
Phan Huu Nguyen ◽  
Cuong Ngo
Keyword(s):  
Wear Rate ◽  
Tool Wear ◽  
Taguchi Method ◽  
Electrical Discharge ◽  
Machining Process ◽  
Machining Parameters ◽  
Tool Wear Rate ◽  
Optimal Value ◽  
Pulse On Time ◽  
Pulse Off Time

Powder mixed electrical discharge maching (PMEDM) is a complex machining process which is controlled by a number of machining parameters. Each machining parameter has its own influence on performance of the process. For achieving the best performance of the electrical discharge machining (EDM) process, it is crucial to carry out parametric design responses such as Metal Removal Rate (MRR), Tool Wear Rate (TWR) and Surface Roughness(SR). The objective of this paper is to optimization of input parameters for the TWR in PMEDM using powder titanium are presented. The Taguchi method was applied to the processing parameters to investigate the following: workpiece material, tool material, polarity, pulse-on time, current, pulse-off time, and powder concentration. The analysis used the Taguchi method and given the optimal value for TWR with respective parameters. Electrode material affected the strongest factor, the Taguchi coefficient, S/N of TWR. And the optimal value of TWR was 3.092 mm3/min. Results from optimization calculations and experimentation have demonstrated high accuracy and efficiency.

Optimization of Tool Wear Rate during Electro Discharge Machining of NiTi Alloys Using Taguchi Method

2015 ◽  
Vol 787 ◽  
pp. 260-264
Author(s):  
Vijaykumar S. Jatti ◽  
T.P. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Wear Rate ◽  
Tool Wear ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Machining Process ◽  
Tool Wear Rate ◽  
Niti Alloys ◽  
Electro Discharge Machining ◽  
Pulse On Time ◽  
Pulse Off Time

NiTi alloys are advance materials which possess superior properties such as pseudoelasticity, shape memory effect, high wear resistance, high corrosion resistance and high strength. NiTi alloys causes serious tool wear, hardening of the machined surface and poor surface finish. Electro discharge machining (EDM) is an unconventional machining process which demonstrates high capability to machine NiTi alloys. Present work emphasis on investigating the effect of EDM process parameters on the tool wear rate. Gap current, pulse on time and pulse off time were considered at three levels as input process parameters along with electrical conductivity of workpiece and tool electrode at two levels. Taguchi L36 (22 x 33) mixed orthogonal array was utilized to design the experimental plan. Based on the statistical analysis at 95% confidence level it was found that tool electrical conductivity, gap current and pulse on time are the most significant factors that influence the tool wear rate. At optimal setting of parameters the predicted value of tool wear rate obtained was 0.00811 mm3/min.

scholarly journals Findings of performance evaluation of EDM for different materials of electrodes and work pieces- a review

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.5) ◽  
pp. 542
Author(s):  
Harshalkumar R. Mundane ◽  
Dr. A. V. Kale ◽  
Dr. J. P. Giri
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Tool Wear ◽  
Performance Measure ◽  
Machining Process ◽  
Machining Parameters ◽  
Spark Erosion ◽  
Pulse On Time ◽  
Pulse Off Time ◽  
Off Time ◽  
Time Pulse

EDM (Spark erosion) is non-conventional machining process which uses as removing unwanted material by electrical spark erosion. EDM Machining parameters affecting to the performance and the industries goal is to produce high quality of product with less time consuming and cost. To achieve these goals, optimizing the machining parameters such as pulse on time, pulse off time, cutting speed, depth of cut, duty cycle, arc gap, voltage etc. The performance measure of EDM is calculated on the basis of Material Remove Rate(MRR), Tool Wear Rate(TWR), and Surface Roughness(SR).The main objective of present work is to investigate of the influence of input EDM (Electro Discharge Machining) parameters on machining characteristics like surface roughness and the effects of various EDM process parameters such as pulse on time, pulse off time, servo voltage, peak current, dielectric flow rate, on different process response parameters such as material removal rate (MRR), surface roughness (Ra), Kerf (width of Cut), tool wear ratio(TWR)and surface integrity factors. In this paper few selected research paper related to Die-sinker EDM with effect of MRR, TWR, surface roughness (SR) and work piece material have been discussed.   

Optimization of Electric Discharge Machining Parameters of Al-7%Si-4%Mg with 20% of Red Mud Metal Matrix Composites

2014 ◽  
Vol 941-944 ◽  
pp. 1973-1976
Author(s):  
B. Geetha ◽  
K. Ganesan
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Wear Rate ◽  
Tool Wear ◽  
Material Removal Rate ◽  
Electric Discharge ◽  
Material Removal ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Tool Wear Rate ◽  
Peak Current ◽  
Pulse On Time

An investigation was carried out to find out the influence of process parameters on surface roughness (SR) and material removal rate (MRR) in electric discharge machine of Al-7%Si-4%Mg with 20% of red mud Metal Matrix Composites since electric discharge machining is a thermo-electric machining process, an electronic die sinking electric discharge machine was used to drill holes in the composite work piece, copper is used as tool material. Experiment was carried out to find surface roughness, material removal rate and tool wear rate by varying the peak current, flushing pressure of dielectric fluid and pulse on time. It was found that the surface roughness of composite metal increases with the increase peak current ,pulse on time and flushing pressure due larger and deeper craters on the drilled surface. It was also found that there was increase in metal removal rate with the increase in peak current and flushing pressure and slightly decreases with the increase in pulse on time due carbon deposits on the electrodes. Experimental analysis is carried using Taguchi’s Design of Experiment method with various parameters like peak current, flushing pressure of dielectric fluid and pulse on time to identify the key factors that influence the surface roughness, material removal rate and tool wear rate. It was found that the peak current was the most significant parameter that influences surface roughness, material removal rate and tool wear rate. The Taguchi experiments results confirm the actual results obtained from the numerical calculation.

Optimization of Process Parameters on Ti-6Al-4V Using Central Composite Design Method

2011 ◽  
Vol 189-193 ◽  
pp. 1393-1400 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.M. Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Wear Rate ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Material Removal Rate ◽  
Material Removal ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Machining Process ◽  
Peak Current ◽  
Long Pulse ◽  
Pulse On Time

Electrical discharge machining (EDM) is relatively modern machining process having distinct advantages over other machining processes and able to machine Ti-alloys effectively. This paper attempts to investigate the effects of process parameters on output response of titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V in EDM utilizing copper tungsten as an electrode and positive polarity of the electrode. Mathematical models for material removal rate (MRR), electrode wear rate (EWR) and surface roughness (SR) are developed in this paper. Design of experiments method and response surface methodology techniques are implemented. The validity test of the fit and adequacy of the proposed models has been carried out through analysis of variance. It can be seen that as the peak current increases the TWR decreases till certain ampere and then increases. The excellent surface finish is investigated in this study at short pulse on time and in contrast the long pulse duration causes the lowest EWR. Long pulse off time provides minimum EWR and the impact of pulse interval on EWR depends on peak current. The result leads to wear rate of electrode and economical industrial machining by optimizing the input parameters. It found that the peak current, servo voltage and pulse on time are significant in material removal rate and surface roughness. Peak current has the greater impact on surface roughness and material removal rate.

scholarly journals Machinability Of Shape Memory Alloy Using Electro Spark Erosion Process 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Khan M ◽  
Winowlin Jappes J T ◽  
Samuel Ratna Kumar P S ◽  
Mashinini P M
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Wear Rate ◽  
Tool Wear ◽  
Shape Memory ◽  
Applied Voltage ◽  
Material Removal ◽  
Machining Process ◽  
Tool Wear Rate ◽  
Pulse On Time ◽  
The Impact

Abstract In this research work, the nickel – titanium based shape memory alloys are machined using electro spark machining process. The influence of the input process for electro spark production is studied in detail. From the analysis, the tool wear rate (TWR), surface roughness, and material removal rate (MRR) are investigated. The intensity of the electro spark produced at minimum pulse on-time 10 µs and maximum applied voltage (60 V). Variation in MRR is wide for a minimum pulse on time with low applied voltage. The surface roughness of the machined surface is also directly influenced by the in – efficient spark produced. The copper electrode with increase pulse duration the alloy behaves like a strong conductor to transmit electrical energy between the electrode and work material. The contribution of pulse on-time is maximum for material removal and tool wear rate. However, the surface finish depends on the applied voltage of the process designed. The impact on machined surfaces, micro-cracks, electro-discharge carter's, and recast material due to electrical discharge were assessed using a scanning electron microscope and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analysis. The experimental value shows that material removal depends on the pulse on process timings and applied voltage. Thus, by using mathematical analysis the influence of (electric discharge machining) EDM process parameters was evaluated.

Modeling and Spark Erosion Drilling Process Optimization of Inconel 718 Using RSM Technique

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (01) ◽  
pp. 57-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajeev Kumar ◽  
Somnath Chattopadhyaya ◽  
G. K. Singh ◽  
Umesh Kumar Vates
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Wear Rate ◽  
Tool Wear ◽  
Discharge Current ◽  
Inconel 718 ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Tool Wear Rate ◽  
Spark Erosion ◽  
Pulse On Time ◽  
Pulse Off Time

Electrical discharge machining with rotary tool is known as electric discharge drilling (EDD) which is being widely used for machining the difficult-to-cut materials like super alloy, ceramics and composite materials. Present research work has been introduced to find the impact of four influencing input factors discharge current (C), pulse off time ([Formula: see text]), pulse-on time ([Formula: see text]) and drill speed (S) on the response, tool wear rate (TWR), metal removal rate (MRR) and Centre line average value of surface roughness (Ra). The spark erosion drilling was performed on the Inconel 718 with rotating copper electrode. The major performances characteristics material removal rate (MRR), tool wear rate (TWR), and surface roughness (SR) are to be evaluated with consultation of Response Surface Methodology (RSM) techniques. The central composite rotatable design (CCRD) has been reported to plan the experimental design and developing the model for prediction of data within the range of investigation. ANOVA test was also carried out to check the adequacy for development of models. It has been evaluated that discharge current, [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text] have been found as most significant factors that effects on the performance measures. The models have 86.02, 84.29, and 83.15% values of correlation coefficient (R2) for MRR, TWR and Ra whereas the adjusted R2 (R2 adj) are 73.80%, 70.55%, and 68.41% for MRR, TWR and SR, respectively.

Performance Evaluation of Electrical Discharge Machining Die Sinking on Stainless Steel 316L Using Copper Impregnated Graphite

2014 ◽  
Vol 660 ◽  
pp. 48-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wahaizad Safiei ◽  
Safian Sharif ◽  
Ahmad Fairuz Mansor ◽  
Mohd Halimudin Mohd Isa
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Dimensional Accuracy ◽  
Time Range ◽  
Electrode Wear ◽  
Stainless Steel 316L ◽  
Peak Current ◽  
Pulse On Time ◽  
Pulse Off Time ◽  
Off Time

This study presents the results of experimental studies carried out to conduct a comprehensive investigation on the influence of Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) input parameters on characteristics of EDM process. The machining parameters include peak current, servo voltage, pulse ON time and pulse OFF time. The study was conducted using 2 levels of Full Factorial Method in Design of Experiments. The design expert software employed to perform all the data analysis for Full Factorial and Central Composite Design (CCD) experiments. This study evaluates the machining performance of the Stainless Steel 316L using Sodick EDM linear motor series AM3L which employed Copper impregnated graphite diameter 7.0 mm as the tool electrode. The response variables are material removal rate (MRR), electrode wear rate (EWR), surface roughness (SR) and dimensional accuracy. The result shows that the peak current was the most significant factors to all variable responses. The servo voltage does not have significant effects to the machining responses in RSM. Higher current produced higher MRR, EWR, SR and Dimensional Accuracy. Maximum MRR was obtained at peak current range from 27amp to 38amp, pulse on time range from 120μs to 145μs and 60μs of pulse off time. Maximum EWR was obtained at peak current range from 27amp to 37amp, pulse on time range from 140μs to 160μs and 60μs of pulse off time. High probably, the minimum EWR only can be obtained if peak current parameter sets greater than 45amp. Lower dimensional accuracy and SR obtain at 5amp of pulse on time. Higher pulse off time produced lower MRR and EWR.Keywords: EDM Die sinking, Stainless Steel 316L, Copper Impregnated Graphite Electrode, Response Surface Methodology, Surface Roughness, Material Removal Rate, Electrode Wear Rate, Dimensional Accuracy

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