A New Type of Colored Alumina/Glass Composite Biological Safety Assessment – Cell Toxicity and Hemolysis Tests

2010 ◽  
Vol 177 ◽  
pp. 459-461
Author(s):  
Bin Deng ◽  
Huai Xiu Lu ◽  
Long Quan Shao ◽  
Yuan Fu Yi ◽  
Jie Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Safety Assessment ◽  
Test Material ◽  
Blue Dye ◽  
Cell Toxicity ◽  
Glass Composite ◽  
Filtration Method ◽  
Biological Safety ◽  
New Type ◽  
Low Cytotoxicity ◽  
Control Samples

Objective: to evaluate the biological safety of a colored alumina/glass composite in terms of cytotoxicity and hemolytic ability. Methods: the cytotoxicity of an alumina/glass composite was evaluated with molecular filtration method. Cytotoxicity by spectrophotometric responses of test material and responses of a fresh rabbit red blood anticoagulant solution was determined by spectrophotometer. Results: cell-coated filter paper in contact with the test material showed the appearance of intracellular blue dye as the same staining density as in control samples, leading to a toxicity rating of 0. Colored alumina/glass composite assayed at <5% hemolysis. Conclusion: colored alumina/glass composite materials showed low cytotoxicity and non-acute hemolytic rates, representing overall good biological safety under these conditions.

Biological Safety Assessment of a Colored Zirconia Ceramic: Cell Toxicity and Skin Sensitivity Tests

2011 ◽  
Vol 492 ◽  
pp. 509-512
Author(s):  
Huai Xiu Lu ◽  
Bin Deng ◽  
Long Quan Shao ◽  
Yuan Fu Yi ◽  
Jie Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Skin Irritation ◽  
Skin Inflammation ◽  
Intradermal Injection ◽  
Test Material ◽  
Zirconia Ceramic ◽  
Blue Dye ◽  
Skin Sensitivity ◽  
Filtration Method ◽  
Biological Safety

Objective: To evaluate the biological safety of a colored zirconia ceramic in terms of cellular toxicity and a skin sensitivity test. Methods: the cytotoxicity of the ceramic was evaluated by a molecular filtration method and skin irritation activity of the composite was assessed via intradermal injection of a guinea pig test solution, by inducing, enhancing, and stimulating an allergic response after local tissue exposure. Results: cell-coated filter paper in contact with test material showed the appearance of intracellular blue dye at the same staining density as in control samples, leading to a 0 toxicity rating. Guinea pigs showed no obvious erythema or edema from the irritation test, such that the assessment of colored zirconia ceramic skin allergy response in guinea pig was 0%. Conclusion: this colored zirconia ceramic showed low cytotoxicity and elicited no allergic skin inflammation response, indicating good overall biological safety under these conditions.

scholarly journals Highly Porous and Ultra-Lightweight Aero-Ga2O3: Enhancement of Photocatalytic Activity by Noble Metals

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 1985
Author(s):  
Irina Plesco ◽  
Vladimir Ciobanu ◽  
Tudor Braniste ◽  
Veaceslav Ursaki ◽  
Florian Rasch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Noble Metals ◽  
Hybrid Structures ◽  
Blue Dye ◽  
Light Illumination ◽  
Methylene Blue Dye ◽  
Visible Light Illumination ◽  
New Type ◽  
Highly Porous

A new type of photocatalyst is proposed on the basis of aero-β-Ga2O3, which is a material constructed from a network of interconnected tetrapods with arms in the form of microtubes with nanometric walls. The aero-Ga2O3 material is obtained by annealing of aero-GaN fabricated by epitaxial growth on ZnO microtetrapods. The hybrid structures composed of aero-Ga2O3 functionalized with Au or Pt nanodots were tested for the photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue dye under UV or visible light illumination. The functionalization of aero-Ga2O3 with noble metals results in the enhancement of the photocatalytic performances of bare material, reaching the performances inherent to ZnO while gaining the advantage of the increased chemical stability. The mechanisms of enhancement of the photocatalytic properties by activating aero-Ga2O3 with noble metals are discussed to elucidate their potential for environmental applications.

scholarly journals Biological Safety Assessment of Functional Activated Carbons Prepared from Three Agricultural Wastes

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 321-331
Author(s):  
Han Chien Lin ◽  
Li-Ying Tseng ◽  
Ying-Jang Lai ◽  
She-Ching Wu ◽  
Noboru Fujimoto
Keyword(s):  
Safety Assessment ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Agricultural Wastes ◽  
Biological Safety

Effect of Tempering Temperature on Microstructure and Properties of Cold Deformed Low Carbon Bainitic Steel

2012 ◽  
Vol 602-604 ◽  
pp. 305-308
Author(s):  
Zhi Xue Liu ◽  
Ju Qiang Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Work Hardening ◽  
Cold Deformation ◽  
Test Material ◽  
Bainitic Steel ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Deformation Degree ◽  
Tempering Temperature ◽  
Deformation Work ◽  
New Type ◽  
Peak Value

In order to research the cold deformation work hardening characteristic of new type low carbon bainitic steel, this article studies the effect of different degrees of cold deformation (elongation and compression) and different tempering temperatures on microstructure and mechanical properties of 15SiMn2Mo low carbon beinaitic steel. The results showed that with the tempering temperature increasing after 10% pre-tension deformation, the tensile strength and yield strength of the test material increased first and then decreased, and reached its peak value at 300°C, roughly the same as the strength of hot-rolling and 300°C tempering. With the compression deformation degree rising, the hardness of test material increased and showed the test material has good work hardening performance. Streamline and "z" shape ferrite banding appeared in microstructure. With the tempering temperature increasing, the microstructure of compressed deformation steel recoveried and recrystallized, the tendency of ferrite along the streamline was weakened, the new refining granular phase was enhanced and uniformity of microstructure was improved. The microstructure refinement was significantly increased with the compressive deformation degree rising.

NEW CHROMOGENIC SUBSTRATES FOR THE DETERMINATION OF COAGULATION AND FIBRINOLYSIS ENZYMES

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
W Stüber ◽  
D Schiwek ◽  
U Becker ◽  
N Heimburger
Keyword(s):  
Serine Proteases ◽  
Spectral Properties ◽  
Protein C ◽  
Activated Protein C ◽  
Peptide Sequence ◽  
Blue Dye ◽  
Chromogenic Substrates ◽  
New Type ◽  
Derivatives Of

A new type of chromogenic substraces based on derivatives of phenoxazine is presented. Particularly interesting is the blue dye 7-amino-3-diethylamino-8-methylphenoxazine (ADMP) with a molar extinktion coefficient of about 80,000 at 624 nm. Peptides were linked to the aminogroup of the dye and red coloured substrates were obtained with a λmax value of about 540 nm. On account of the distinct difference of the λmax values and the negligable influence of the absorption peaks of the acylated and the free dye this chromophore is suitable for the synchesis of substrates. Besides the spectral properties of chese new chromogenic peptides we determined their characce-riscics using serine proteases involved in the process of coagu-lacion and fibrinolysis. In comparison co para-nitroaniline substrates the introduction of the relatively bulky ADMP into the peptide sequence led to products with superior properties in respect of sensitivity and specificity.It was found that the ADMP substrates are particularly favourable for the determination of thrombin, urokinase and activated protein C in the presence of other proteases.

scholarly journals A new type of microphotoreactor with integrated optofluidic waveguide based on solid-air nanoporous aerogels

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 180802 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaprak Özbakır ◽  
Alexandr Jonáš ◽  
Alper Kiraz ◽  
Can Erkey
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Total Internal Reflection ◽  
Incident Light ◽  
Liquid Core ◽  
Photochemical Reactions ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Blue Dye ◽  
New Type ◽  
Aqueous Core ◽  
Low Refractive Index

In this study, we developed a new type of microphotoreactor based on an optofluidic waveguide with aqueous liquid core fabricated inside a nanoporous aerogel. To this end, we synthesized a hydrophobic silica aerogel monolith with a density of 0.22 g cm −3 and a low refractive index of 1.06 that—from the optical point of view—effectively behaves like solid air. Subsequently, we drilled an L-shaped channel within the monolith that confined both the aqueous core liquid and the guided light, the latter property arising due to total internal reflection of light from the liquid–aerogel interface. We characterized the efficiency of light guiding in liquid-filled channel and—using the light delivered by waveguiding—we carried out photochemical reactions in the channel filled with aqueous solutions of methylene blue dye. We demonstrated that methylene blue could be efficiently degraded in the optofluidic photoreactor, with conversion increasing with increasing power of the incident light. The presented optofluidic microphotoreactor represents a versatile platform employing light guiding concept of conventional optical fibres for performing photochemical reactions.

Pigs and Ferrets as Models in Toxicology and Biological Safety Assessment

2000 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 149-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shayne C. Gad
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Drug Development ◽  
Safety Assessment ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Biological Safety

Both the pig and the ferret are used as animal models in toxicology and drug development, with the pig having been subject to a significant increase in usage (particularly in Europe) over the last 5 years. These two species are quite different from primates and dogs, the “standard” nonrodent models. This article seeks to both survey the rationales for and extent of use of the pig and ferret, and to highlight consideration and key factors in their use in studies.

scholarly journals Interpreting Clinical Laboratory Data in Safety Assessment Studies

1992 ◽  
Vol 20 (3-2) ◽  
pp. 480-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael C. Carakostas
Keyword(s):  
Safety Assessment ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Test Material ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
False Negative Results ◽  
Medical Judgment

Traditionally, clinical laboratory data in safety assessment studies have been analyzed statistically to determine potential treatment-related effects. This has often led to inappropriate and/or controversial conclusions about clinical laboratory findings that are statistically significant but considered biologically unimportant. To overcome these problems, a decision-making process that integrates statistical analyses and sound medical judgment is required. Understanding the reasons why false-positive and false-negative results occur is the first step toward both better test selection and more accurate decisions on test material effects.

scholarly journals Seismic running safety of trains and a new type of seismic-isolation railway structure

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiu Luo
Keyword(s):  
Safety Assessment ◽  
Seismic Isolation ◽  
Inertial Force ◽  
Longitudinal Direction ◽  
3D Numerical Simulation ◽  
Lateral Direction ◽  
Pendulum System ◽  
Running Safety ◽  
New Type ◽  
Friction Pendulum

Abstract Until now, seismic-isolation structures have not yet been applied in the railway field. The reason is that though a seismic-isolation structure can reduce the inertial force to the structure, the energy absorption causes big response displacement on the structure, which adversely effects the running safety of the trains supported by the structure. In this paper, a methodology for seismic running safety assessment is introduced, and a new type of seismic-isolation foundation is proposed, which can convert the seismic response displacement in the lateral direction of track to the longitudinal direction that has a less adverse effect on the running safety of the train. The isolation foundation is composed of FPS (Friction Pendulum System) slider, concave plate and guide ditch. Moreover, through model experiments and 3D numerical simulation, it is verified that the proposed foundation can keep both the effects of the seismic isolation and the running safety of the train during an earthquake.

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