Parameter Sensitivity Analysis of Airport Rigid Pavement Thickness Using FAARFIELD Program

2011 ◽  
Vol 243-249 ◽  
pp. 4068-4074 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tammam Merhej ◽  
De Cheng Feng
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Input Parameter ◽  
Federal Aviation Administration ◽  
The United States ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Rigid Pavement ◽  
Airport Pavement ◽  
Input Parameters ◽  
Layered Design ◽  
Pavement Thickness

Federal aviation administration rigid and flexible iterative elastic layered design (FAARFIELD) software program became the exclusive approved method for airport pavement thickness design adopted by federal aviation administration (FAA) in the United States after the advisory circular AC150/5320-6E “Airport Pavement Design and Evaluation” was issued in September 2009. In this paper, a sensitivity analysis was conducted to investigate the effect of FAARFIELD input parameters on the required thickness of the airport rigid pavement. The input parameters studied are: concrete flexural strength (modulus of rupture, MOR), the subgrade reaction modulus, K, subbase layers and air traffic mix .Each evaluated input parameter was varied within its recommended range to study its effect on the required thickness of the airport pavement. It was found that the concrete modulus of rupture is the most sensitive parameter on the required thickness.

Seismic hazard sensitivity analysis: A multi-parameter approach

1991 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 796-817
Author(s):  
Nitzan Rabinowitz ◽  
David M. Steinberg
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Seismic Hazard ◽  
Subjective Probability ◽  
Probability Distributions ◽  
Input Parameter ◽  
The Other ◽  
Probabilistic Assessment ◽  
Input Parameters ◽  
Parameter Approach

Abstract We propose a novel multi-parameter approach for conducting seismic hazard sensitivity analysis. This approach allows one to assess the importance of each input parameter at a variety of settings of the other input parameters and thus provides a much richer picture than standard analyses, which assess each input parameter only at the default settings of the other parameters. We illustrate our method with a sensitivity analysis of seismic hazard for Jerusalem. In this example, we find several input parameters whose importance depends critically on the settings of other input parameters. This phenomenon, which cannot be detected by a standard sensitivity analysis, is easily diagnosed by our method. The multi-parameter approach can also be used in the context of a probabilistic assessment of seismic hazard that incorporates subjective probability distributions for the input parameters.

scholarly journals Pyrolysis modeling, sensitivity analysis, and optimization techniques for combustible materials: A review

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (4-6) ◽  
pp. 377-433
Author(s):  
Tatenda Nyazika ◽  
Maude Jimenez ◽  
Fabienne Samyn ◽  
Serge Bourbigot
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Input Parameter ◽  
Fire Behavior ◽  
Sensitivity Study ◽  
Optimization Techniques ◽  
Decomposition Reactions ◽  
Input Parameters ◽  
Gradient Based ◽  
Complete Set

Over the past years, pyrolysis models have moved from thermal models to comprehensive models with great flexibility including multi-step decomposition reactions. However, the downside is the need for a complete set of input data such as the material properties and the parameters related to the decomposition kinetics. Some of the parameters are not directly measurable or are difficult to determine and they carry a certain degree of uncertainty at high temperatures especially for materials that can melt, shrink, or swell. One can obtain input parameters by searching through the literature; however, certain materials may have the same nomenclature but the material properties may vary depending on the manufacturer, thereby inducing uncertainties in the model. Modelers have resorted to the use of optimization techniques such as gradient-based and direct search methods to estimate input parameters from experimental bench-scale data. As an integral part of the model, a sensitivity study allows to identify the role of each input parameter on the outputs. This work presents an overview of pyrolysis modeling, sensitivity analysis, and optimization techniques used to predict the fire behavior of combustible solids when exposed to an external heat flux.

scholarly journals Analysis of Inputs Parameters Used to Estimate Enteric Methane Emission Factors Applying a Tier 2 Model: Case Study of Native Cattle in Senegal

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Séga Ndao
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Methane Emission ◽  
Input Parameter ◽  
Emission Factors ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Tier 2 ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Enteric Methane ◽  
Input Parameters ◽  
Native Cattle

In the context of the Paris Agreement, and considering the importance of methane emissions from cattle in West Africa, application of a Tier 2 method to estimate enteric methane emission factors is clearly pertinent. The current study has two purposes. Firstly, it aims to detect how much each input parameter contributes to the overall uncertainty of enteric methane emission factors for cattle. Secondly, it aims to identify which input parameters require additional research efforts for strengthening the evidence base, thus reducing the uncertainty of methane enteric emission factors. Uncertainty and sensitivity analysis methodologies were applied to input parameters in the calculation of enteric methane emission factors for lactating cows and adult male Senegalese native cattle using the IPCC Tier 2 model. The results show that the IPCC default input parameters, such as the coefficient for calculating net energy for maintenance (Cfi), digestible energy (DE) and the methane conversion rate (Ym) are the first, second and third most important input parameters, respectively, in terms of their contribution to uncertainty of the enteric methane emission factor. Sensitivity analysis demonstrated that future research in Senegal should prioritize the development of Ym, Cfi and DE in order to estimate enteric methane emission factors more accurately and to reduce the uncertainty of the national agricultural greenhouse gas inventory.

scholarly journals Development of Smart Pavement Design Sensitivity Analysis Software for Asset Management System

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Byungkyu Moon ◽  
Jungyong “Joe” Kim ◽  
Hosin “David” Lee
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Management System ◽  
Design Sensitivity ◽  
Pavement Management ◽  
Pavement Design ◽  
Design Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Analysis Software ◽  
Input Parameters ◽  
Pavement Thickness

There are a number of pavement management systems, but most of them are limited in providing pavement design and pavement design sensitivity information. This paper presents efforts towards the integrated pavement design and management system, by developing smart pavement design sensitivity analysis software. In this paper, the sensitivity analyses of critical design input parameters have been performed to identify input parameters which have the most significant impacts on the pavement thickness. Based on the existing pavement design procedures and their sensitivity analysis results, a smart pavement design sensitivity analysis (PDSA) software package was developed, to allow a user to retrieve the most appropriate pavement thickness and immediately perform pavement design sensitivity analysis. The PDSA software is a useful tool for managing pavements, by allowing a user to instantaneously retrieve a pavement design for a given condition from the database and perform a design sensitivity analysis without running actual pavement design programs. The proposed smart PDSA software would result in the most efficient pavement management system, by incorporating the optimum pavement thickness as part of the pavement management process.

Iterative Framework for Performance and Environmental Impacts of Airfields

2019 ◽  
Vol 2673 (9) ◽  
pp. 179-187
Author(s):  
Izak M. Said ◽  
Imad L. Al-Qadi
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Federal Aviation Administration ◽  
Test Facility ◽  
Traffic Loading ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Field Instrumentation ◽  
Airport Pavement ◽  
Performance Check ◽  
Layered Design

The main goal of a durable and sustainable airfield is to withstand repeated aircraft traffic loading while minimizing the environmental impact. The objective of this study is to develop a design-life cycle assessment (LCA) framework considering a balanced evaluation of structural adequacy, minimizing emission, and optimizing total energy demand. To achieve this objective, three steps are introduced: an evaluation of the structural adequacy of the design using the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) pavement design software FAA rigid and flexible iterative elastic layered design; a preliminary performance check using field instrumentation responses; and a LCA of airfield sections using both deterministic and probabilistic approaches. In addition to presenting the design-LCA methodology, this paper offers a comparative evaluation that covers two perpetual designs (LFP1-N and LFP4-N) and one conventional section (LFC5-N). These pavement sections were built and tested at the National Airport Pavement Test Facility as part of construction cycle 7, funded by the FAA. Responses collected from instrumentation were used to compute field-based coverages to failure. Moreover, life cycle inventories from secondary sources were used to quantify the greenhouse gas emissions and energy demand associated with the construction of these sections. Results show inconsistencies between the field-predicted and theoretically predicted performance. This suggests the need for the additional calibration of the currently used performance models. Moreover, this study shows that under a specific asphalt concrete (AC) thickness limit, conventional AC may be more eco-friendly than a perpetual design.

Sensitivity Analysis of FAARFIELD Rigid Airport Pavement Thickness Determination

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Greg White ◽  
Mitch Sterling ◽  
Matt Duggan ◽  
Jordan Sterling
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Concrete Strength ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Commercial Aircraft ◽  
Primary Input ◽  
Average Percentage ◽  
Airport Pavement ◽  
Aircraft Type ◽  
Pavement Thickness ◽  
Parameter Values

FAARFIELD is a common mechanistic-empirical software that uses a combination of layered elastic and finite element methods for the determination of rigid aircraft pavement thickness. The primary input parameters are the aircraft type, mass and departures, concrete flexural strength, sub-base material and thickness, as well as subgrade support characteristic. A parametric sensitivity analysis, including three common commercial aircraft and four subgrade conditions, determined that concrete thickness was most sensitive to concrete strength and aircraft mass. The concrete thickness was least sensitive to the sub-base material and thickness and was moderately sensitive to the subgrade condition and aircraft departures. These relative sensitivities were consistent when the results were analysed based on average percentage change in concrete thickness, the average slope of lines of best fit for normalised parameter values and the coefficients of a numeric linear regression for concrete thickness. It is recommended that designers focus their attention on accurately estimating realistic concrete strength and aircraft mass values, as these parameters had the greatest influence on concrete thickness.

Uncertainty Quantification in Support of Severe Accident Analysis Code User Confidence Using MELCOR-DAKOTA

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Boafo ◽  
Emmanuel Numapau Gyamfi
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Uncertainty Quantification ◽  
Hydrogen Generation ◽  
Input Parameter ◽  
Distribution Functions ◽  
Physical Models ◽  
Severe Accident ◽  
Accident Analysis ◽  
Melt Flow Rate ◽  
Input Parameters

Abstract Uncertainty and Sensitivity analysis methods are often used in severe accident analysis for validating the complex physical models employed in the system codes that simulate such scenarios. This is necessitated by the large uncertainties associated with the physical models and boundary conditions employed to simulate severe accident scenarios. The input parameters are sampled within defined ranges based on assigned probability distribution functions (PDFs) for the required number of code runs/realizations using stochastic sampling techniques. Input parameter selection is based on their importance to the key FOM, which is determined by the parameter identification and ranking table (PIRT). Sensitivity analysis investigates the contribution of each uncertain input parameter to the uncertainty of the selected FOM. In this study, the integrated severe accident analysis code MELCOR was coupled with DAKOTA, an optimization and uncertainty quantification tool in order to investigate the effect of input parameter uncertainty on hydrogen generation. The methodology developed was applied to the Fukushima Daiichi unit 1 NPP accident scenario, which was modelled in another study. The results show that there is approximately 22.46% uncertainty in the amount of hydrogen generated as estimated by a single MELCOR run given uncertainty in selected input parameters. The sensitivity analysis results also reveal that MELCOR input parameters; COR_SC 1141(Melt flow rate per unit width at breakthrough candling) , COR_ZP (Porosity of fuel debris beds) and COR_EDR (Characteristic debris size in core region) contributed most significantly to the uncertainty in hydrogen generation.

Airport Pavement Groove Identification and Analysis at NAPTF

2013 ◽  
Vol 723 ◽  
pp. 1003-1010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiang Wang ◽  
Josh Davis
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Federal Aviation Administration ◽  
Automatic Device ◽  
Test Facility ◽  
Laser Sensor ◽  
Rigid Pavement ◽  
Airport Pavement ◽  
Grooved Surface ◽  
Groove Configurations ◽  
Transverse Grooves

Transverse grooves in an airport pavement allow water to be ejected from beneath the tires of an aircraft moving at high speed. It has been found that the grooves can efficiently reduce the hydroplaning potential of a pavement during wet weather. The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) maintains a standard specification for groove configuration immediately after construction and during service. The National Airport Pavement Test Facility (NAPTF) performed a long period of real scale tests to investigate the performance of the current FAA standard square grooves and proposed trapezoidal grooves. This paper includes the comparison of trapezoidal and rectangular grooves under aircraft tire loading with service life. These two groove patterns were constructed on the flexible and rigid pavement respectively. In the automatic device measurement, a laser sensor from a truss profiler constantly detected the distance between the grooved surface and an initial standard line as the aircraft tires repeatedly passed through the grooved areas. An automatic groove identification program was also developed to evaluate the groove configurations. Our test results demonstrate that the trapezoidal grooves maintain a longer life shape configuration than rectangular grooves, especially for asphalt pavements.

scholarly journals Sensitivity Analysis of Common Input Parameters in Tools for Modeling Energy in Homes

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheikh Tijan Tabban ◽  
Nelson Fumo
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Reference Model ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Input Parameter ◽  
Heating Equipment ◽  
Water Heating ◽  
Common Input ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Input Parameters

Energy models of buildings can be developed and used for analysis of energy consumption. A model offers the opportunity to simulate a building under specific conditions for analysis of energy efficiency measures or optimum design. Due to the great amount of information needed to develop an energy model of a building, the number of inputs can be reduced by making variable the most relevant input parameters and making the others to take common or standard values. In this study, an analysis of input parameters required by computational tools to estimate energy consumption in homes was done in two stages. In the first stage, common input parameters were identified for three software and three webtools based on the criteria that the input parameter should be common for at least two software and at least one webtool. In the second stage, a sensitivity analysis was performed on the inputs identified in the first stage. The software BEopt, developed by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, was used as the source of typical input parameters to be compared, and to perform the simulations for the sensitivity analysis. The base or reference model to perform simulations for the sensitivity analysis corresponds to a model developed with information from a research house located on the campus of the University of Texas at Tyler and default inputs for the BEopt B-10 reference benchmark. Results show that besides the location, and consequently the weather, common parameters are building orientation, air leakage, space conditioning settings, space conditioning schedule, water heating equipment, and terrain. Among these parameters, the sensitivity analysis identified the largest variations in energy consumption for variations on space conditioning schedule (heating and cooling setpoints), followed by the type of water heating equipment. KEYWORDS: Residential Buildings; Energy Consumption; Energy Analysis; Input Parameters; Building Simulation; Source Energy

scholarly journals Sensitivity analysis of an electrophysiology model for the left ventricle

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (171) ◽  
pp. 20200532
Author(s):  
Giulio Del Corso ◽  
Roberto Verzicco ◽  
Francesco Viola
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Parameter Space ◽  
Cardiac Electrophysiology ◽  
Input Parameter ◽  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
Training Dataset ◽  
Quasi Monte Carlo ◽  
Input Parameters ◽  
Using Data

Modelling the cardiac electrophysiology entails dealing with the uncertainties related to the input parameters such as the heart geometry and the electrical conductivities of the tissues, thus calling for an uncertainty quantification (UQ) of the results. Since the chambers of the heart have different shapes and tissues, in order to make the problem affordable, here we focus on the left ventricle with the aim of identifying which of the uncertain inputs mostly affect its electrophysiology. In a first phase, the uncertainty of the input parameters is evaluated using data available from the literature and the output quantities of interest (QoIs) of the problem are defined. According to the polynomial chaos expansion, a training dataset is then created by sampling the parameter space using a quasi-Monte Carlo method whereas a smaller independent dataset is used for the validation of the resulting metamodel. The latter is exploited to run a global sensitivity analysis with nonlinear variance-based indices and thus reduce the input parameter space accordingly. Thereafter, the uncertainty probability distribution of the QoIs are evaluated using a direct UQ strategy on a larger dataset and the results discussed in the light of the medical knowledge.

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